- •Chapter 1
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. What is Science?
- •VII. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •VIII. Make up dialogues on the following topics.
- •IX. Render the text. Chapter 2
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. Science, engineering and technology
- •III. Answer the following question.
- •IV. Find in the text the English equivalents to the following words and word combinations.
- •V. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •VI. Insert the necessary word. Consult the text.
- •Chapter 3
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text. Technology
- •III. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •IV. Write down 5 your own sentences using words and word combinations from Ex-s 1 ,3.
- •V. Answer the following questions.
- •VI. Give a latter of the correct ending for each sentence.
- •VII. Give the numbers of the statements that are true according to the text.
- •VIII. Render the text. Chapter 4
- •II. Master the active vocabulary.
- •III. Read and translate the text.
- •IV. Match the underlined words from the text with the meanings below.
- •V. Find the English equivalents.
- •VIII. Translate into English.
- •Chapter 5
- •I. Master the active vocabulary:
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Answer the questions about the text.
- •IV. Complete the sentences.
- •VI. Give the English equivalents.
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •III. Give the Russian equivalents.
- •IV. Give the English equivalents.
- •V. Answer the questions.
- •VI. Retell the text.
- •I. Master the active vocabulary.
- •II. Read and translate the text.
- •III. Answer the questions.
- •IV. True or False?
- •V. Give the English equivalents.
- •VI. Retell the text. Chapter 8
- •Small is beautiful
- •IV. Which paragraphs describe advantages of optical fibres and which describe disadvantages?
- •V. Complete the definitions (1-9) below with the underlined words in the text.
- •Chapter 9
- •Big is the Best
- •III. Read the text again and answer the questions (1-9) below.
- •IV. First, underline the question words in Exercise 3. Then use them to complete these questions.
- •V. Complete the texts by putting one word in each space. Use the words in the box. Check the meaning of any new words in the glossary or your dictionary.
- •Chapter 10 Gadgets
- •II. Read the texts (a-d) again and match the sentences (1-6) below with the gadgets.
- •III. Complete the definitions (1-7) with the underlined words in the text. Use the glossary or your dictionary to help you.
- •Chapter 11 The future of technology
- •Grammar notes: Phrasal verbs
- •II. Study the following phrasal verbs. Put each one in the correct sentence.
- •Chapter12
- •Innovations in medical technology
- •AbioCor Artificial heart.
- •II. Before reading the next text discuss with your partner the possible answers to the following questions.
- •Read the text and check your answers.
- •Chapter13
- •I. Find the meaning of each word.
- •II. Find the synonym of each word.
- •III. Find the words with similar meanings.
- •IV. Read and translate the following word combinations into Russian.
- •Play the game.
- •Chapter 14
- •I. Read and translate the text. Alfred nobel - a man of contrasts
- •II.Read the text again and divide it into four parts. Give titles to these parts choosing the most suitable from the list below:
- •III. Form sentences connecting word groups on the right with but and making the necessary changes. You will see that Nobel’s life was really full of contrasts.
- •Chapter 15
- •Little-known facts about well-known people
- •3. What brought Einstein more joy than anything else?
- •4. By what illustration did Einstein explain his Theory of Relativity?
- •5. What two rules of conduct did Einstein have?
- •Chapter 16 Where have I heard that name before?
- •I. Before you start.
- •II. Put these standard international (si) units into the correct column.
- •III. Now complete the definitions (1-11) below with the units from Exercise 2 and the people in the box.
- •Read the definitions in Exercise 3 again. Find words that mean.
- •V. Find out which things in this list are named after people. Can you add similar words from your language?
- •Chapter 17
- •I. Read and translate the text. Alexander graham bell
- •II. Complete sentences choosing the variant corresponding to the contents of the text.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •Additional material for reading
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Ask 6 questions about the text.
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Give summary of the text.
- •II. Ask 6 questions about the text. Text 4. Collider design
- •I. Read and translate the text.
- •II. Give the summary of the text.
III. Answer the questions about the text.
1. What is nanotechnology?
2. What does nanotechnology deal with?
3. In what fields of science has nanotechnology the potential to create many new materials and devices?
4. Is a nanometer one-billionth of a matter?
5. How many approaches are used in nanotechnology?
6. What are they?
7. Have areas of physics such as nanoelectronics, nanomechanics and nanophotonics evolved during the last few decades to provide a basic scientific foundation of nanotechnology?
8. In what scale is nanotechnology the engineering of functional systems?
IV. Complete the sentences.
1. Nanotechnology is the study of …................
2. We can directly control matter ....................
3. There has been much debate on the future .................
4. Nanotechnology raises many of the same issues such as …................
5. The advocacy groups and governments debate ….....................
6. In the "bottom-up" approach, materials and devices are built from …......
7. In the "top-down" approach, nano-objects are constructed from …...........
8. Nanoelectronics, nanomechanics and nanophotonics provide ….................
V. Many words have been used to describe nanotechnology: study, engineering, system, nanoscale, molecule, dimension, components, atomic and molecular scale, investigate, implications, nano-objects, nanophotonics, entities, impact of nanomaterials, toxicity.
Say four of terms above that you think give the best description of nanotechnology.
VI. Give the English equivalents.
Иметь отношения, материал, распространение, влияние, токсичность, развивать, спираль, разный, величина, общество, гарантировать, сущность, клеточный, обусловленный, подходить, значительный, значение.
VII. Retell the text.
Chapter 6
I. Master the active vocabulary.
The International Linear Collider (ILC) – международный линейный коллайдер
propose -предлагать, предполагать, намереваться
accelerator — ускоритель, акселератор
initial — начальный, исходный
host - множество
beyond — позже, вне, сверх,
current - находящийся в обращение, текущий, поток, течение, поток
to spin - составлять, крутиться, вертеться, описывать круги
circular — круглый, круговой
to emit — испускать, выделять, издавать, излучать
inversely — обратно, путем инверсии, обратно пропорционально
precision — точность
II. Read and translate the text.
Collider
The International Linear Collider (ILC) is a proposed linear particle accelerator. It is planned to have a collision energy of 500 GeV initially, and, if approved after the project has published its Technical Design Report, planned for 2012, could be completed in the late 2010s. A later upgrade to 1000 GeV (1 TeV) is possible. The host country for the accelerator has not yet been chosen. Studies for a competing project called CLIC are also underway; it seems unlikely that both machines will be built.
The ILC would collide electrons with positrons. It will be between 30 km and 50 km (19-31 mi.) long, more than 10 times as long as the 50 GeV Stanford Linear Accelerator, the longest existing linear particle accelerator.
It is widely expected that effects of physics beyond that described in the current Standard Model will be detected by experiments at the proposed ILC. In addition, particles and interactions described by the Standard Model are expected to be discovered and measured. At the ILC physicists hope to be able to:
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Measure the mass, spin, and interaction strengths of the Higgs boson
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If existing, measure the number, size, and shape of any TeV-scale extra dimensions
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Investigate the lightest supersymmetric particles, possible candidates for dark matter
There are two basic shapes of accelerators. Linear accelerators ("linacs") accelerate elementary particles along a straight path. Circular accelerators, such as the Tevatron, the LEP, and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), use circular paths. Circular geometry has significant advantages at energies up to and including tens of GeV: With a circular design, particles can be effectively accelerated over longer distances. Also, only a fraction of the particles brought onto a collision course actually collide. In a linear accelerator, the remaining particles are lost; in a ring accelerator, they keep circulating and are available for future collisions. The disadvantage of circular accelerators is that particles moving along bent paths will necessarily emit electromagnetic radiation known as synchrotron radiation. Energy loss through synchrotron radiation is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the mass of the particles in question. That is why it makes sense to build circular accelerators for heavy particles-hadron colliders such as the LHC for protons or, alternatively, for lead nuclei. An electron-positron collider of the same size would never be able to achieve the same collision energies. In fact, energies at the LEP, which used to occupy the tunnel now given over to the LHC, were limited to 209GeV by energy loss via synchrotron radiation.
Even if the effective collision energy at the LHC will be higher than the ILC collision energy (14,000 GeV for the LHC[2] vs. ~500 GeV for the ILC), measurements could be made more accurately at the ILC. Collisions between electrons and positrons are much simpler to analyze than collisions between many quarks, antiquarks and gluons. As such, one of the roles of the ILC would be making precision measurements of the properties of particles discovered at the LHC.