III. Agree or disagree with the statements:

1. During the war, the states had agreed to work together by sending representatives to the all-country meeting.

2. Americans carried about their future.

3. The plan for the government was written in elementary language in a document called the Constitution of the United Slates.

4. A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with no rights reserved to the latter.

5. Representatives of various states noted that the Constitution did not guarantee the basic rights of citizens.

6. The "Bill of Rights" was added one of the first parts in the original Constitution.

7. The Bill of Rights was adopted at the end of the XIX century.

8. However the Bill of Rights did not forbid interference with the lives of individuals by the government.

9. According to the Bill of Rights Americans had no right to own weapons even if they wished.

10. Nowadays Americans can vote at the age of 21 years.

IV. Answer the questions:

1. What was the name of the plan that was specially worked out for the Congress?

2. Why did Americans worry about their future?

3. Which were two main fears shared by most Americans?

4. What is the Bill of Rights?

5. What did the Bill of Rights guarantee to all Americans?

V. Match the first part of the sentence (1-5) with the second one (a-e).

1	A federal system is one in which power is shared	a	called the Constitution of the United Slates.
2	The Constitution set up a federal system	b	by sending representatives to a national congress.
3	The plan for the government was written in a document	c	between a central authority and its constituent parts.
4	Bill of Rights guarantees Americans	d	with a strong central government.
5	During the war, the states had greed to work together	e	the right to a speedy trial if accused of a crime.

VI. Make up a plan of the text.

VII. Retell the text in a written form (in English or Ukrainian). Text 49. United states senate

I. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:

Deliberative – дорадчий, to restrain – утримувати, fury – лютість, stupendous fabric – важливий витвір, apportionment scheme – пропорційний розподіл, suffrage – виборче право.

II. Listen to the text: United States Senate

The United States Senate, named after the ancient Roman Senate, was designed as a more deliberative body than the House of Representatives. Edmund Randolph called for its members to be “less than the House of Commons... to restrain, if possible, the fury of democracy.” According to James Madison, “The use of the Senate is to consist in proceeding with more coolness, with more system, and with more wisdom, than the popular branch.” Instead of two year terms as in the House, Senators serve six year terms, giving them more authority to ignore mass sentiment in favor of the country's broad interests. The smaller number of members and staggered terms also give the Senate a greater sense of community.

Many of the Founding Fathers greatly admired the British government. At the Constitutional Convention, Alexander Hamilton called the British government "the best in the world," and said he "doubted whether anything short of it would do in America." In his "Defense of the Constitutions of Government of the United States," John Adams said "the English Constitution is, in theory, both for the adjustment of the balance and the prevention of its vibrations, the most stupendous fabric of human invention." In the minds of many of the Founding Fathers, the Senate would be an American kind of House of Lords. John Dickinson said the Senate should "consist of the most distinguished characters, distinguished for their rank in life and their weight of property, and bearing as strong a likeness to the British House of Lords as possible."

The apportionment scheme of the Senate was controversial at the Constitutional Convention. Hamilton, who was joined in opposition to equal suffrage by Madison, said equal representation despite population differences "shocks too much the ideas of justice and every human feeling." Referring to those who demanded equal representation, Madison called for the Convention to "to renounce a principle which was confessedly unjust."