- •Etymology
- •Symbols The American Flag
- •History of American Flag
- •Betsy Ross
- •The coat of arms of the United States
- •The Great Seal of the United States
- •Anthem of the United States.
- •Anthem History
- •Vocabulary notes
- •History discovery
- •English settlements
- •Colonial era
- •Revolution
- •Devising a constitution
- •New nation
- •Sectional conflict
- •Civil war
- •World War I, Great Depression, and World War II
- •Postwar superpower
- •The highlights (important dates) of American history
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Government
- •Introduction
- •The Constitution
- •The Executive Branch
- •The Legislative Branch
- •The Judicial Branch
- •State Government
- •Local Government
- •Political Parties
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Languages
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Religion
- •Introduction
- •Roots of Religions
- •Present Day Religious Affiliation
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Geography
- •Climate
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vegetation
- •Vocabulary notes
- •The Nation's Capital Washington, d.C. Facts from history
- •The capital today
- •Washington, d.C. Symbols and Emblems
- •Landmarks
- •Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Institutions
- •The capitol
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Famous cities
- •25 Biggest cities population
- •Anaheim, California
- •Lake Michigan
- •Entertainment and performing arts
- •Detroit, Michigan
- •Houston, Texas
- •Tourist attractions
- •Tourist attractions
- •New York City
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Culture
- •Popular media
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Usa Education
- •Universities in the United States
- •Top 20 Ranked universities.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Famous American People Presidents
- •Literature
- •Arts and Entertainment
- •The Disney entertainment empire
- •Science and Inventions
- •Isaac singer's sewing machine
- •Henry Ford
- •Ford Motor Company
- •Ford Airplane Company
- •Other famous people
- •Vocabulary notes
- •American Traditions and Holidays
- •Washington's Birthday (Presidents' Day)
- •Independence Day (July 4)
- •New Years Eve and New Years Day
- •Valentine's Day
- •St. Patrick's day
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Cuisine
- •Problems with defining American cuisine
- •Particular American foods
- •The most popular American foods:
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Common Abbreviations
- •The united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland National symbols
- •Vocabulary notes
- •History
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Political system
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Languages
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Religion
- •Vocabulary notes
- •G eography and climate
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Plant and Animal Life
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Largest cities
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Culture
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Educational System
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Universities
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Famous people
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Traditions, customs, holidays
- •Vocabulary notes
- •British cuisine
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Canada National symbols
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Political system
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Languages
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Geography and climate
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Plant and animal life
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Educational system and universities
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Famous People
- •Canadian cuisine
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Speech habits Бытовая сфера
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Профессионально-деловая сфера
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Учебно-социальная сфера
- •Instructor’s Notes
- •Interview with an Expert
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Социально-деловая сфера
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Особенности употребления формул вежливости
- •1. Приветствие / Прощание
- •2. Please, thank you, of course
- •3. Sorry, excuse me
- •4. Приказ, вежливая просьба, предложение
- •Business correspondence Деловое письмо
- •Служебная записка Memo
- •Электронное сообщение
- •Конверт Envelope
- •Письмо – запрос Letter of enquiry/request
- •Образец апим
- •Contents
Vocabulary notes
bachelor - бакалавр
comprehensive school - общеобразовательная школа; единая, комплексная школа
compulsory education — обязательное обучение
fee - плата за обучение ( в школе, университете и т.д. )
grammar school - средняя школа; классы с 5 по 8 средней школы
infant school - дошкольное учреждение; детский сад; ясли
junior school - младшие классы (средней школы)
master – магистр
nursery school - детский сад
primary school - начальная школа
public school - привилегированное частное учебное заведение для мальчиков (в Англии); (бесплатная) средняя школа ( в США и Шотландии )
secondary school - средняя школа
voluntary - добровольный
Abbreviations
univ. – university
Universities
British universities can be divided into three main groups: the old universities, the redbrick universities (made of red brick), which include all the provincial universities of the period 1850-1930, as well as London University; the new universities, founded after the Second World War.
The United Kingdom contains some of the world's leading seats of higher education. These include the so-called Oxbridge universities (Oxford University (1167) and Cambridge University (1209) which are amongst the world's oldest universities and are generally ranked at or near the top of all British universities. A number of well known scientists and writers, among them Newton, Darwin and Byron, were educated in Cambridge. Until the 19th century, Oxford and Cambridge were the only universities in England, and there was no place for girls. At present there are five women’s colleges. These two universities differ greatly from all the others in general organization, methods of instructions, syllabuses, traditions, history, etc. They are based on colleges (law, music, natural, science, economics, agriculture, engineering, commerce, education, etc.), each college having about 300 students.
Some institutions are world-renowned in specialised and often narrow areas of study, such as Imperial College London (science and engineering) and London School of Economics (economics and social sciences) and University College (UCL) of the University of London.
Other universities include the University of St Andrews, the oldest university in Scotland. There are 112 universities/university colleges in the UK. This amount to 138 university-level institutions of the distinct constituent colleges of the University of London and University of Wales are defined as separate universities. Most of the UK's major cities are home to two or more universities.
All British universities are private non-state controlled institutions. Students have to pay fees and living costs, but every student may receive a personal grant from the local authority of the place where he lives.
Vocabulary notes
(to) amount to - достигать, составлять; равняться, быть эквивалентным
authority – власть, руководство
сonstituent - компонент, компонента, составная часть
fee-paying - платный
redbrick university - новые университеты Англии, "краснокирпичные" университеты ( так названы потому, что построены из красного кирпича)
syllabus - расписание; учебный план; программа ( курса, лекций и т.д. )
world-renowned - мировой (известный во всем мире)
Abbreviations
Oxf. - Oxford
Oxbridge - Oxford University and Cambridge University
UCL - University College