Economy of the usa

The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world. It covers an area of 3.61 million square miles. The USA is divided into 50 states.

Its population is about 236 million people. The capital of the country is Washington, D.C. (the District of Columbia).

The United States is a highly developed industrial country. It accounts for 25 per cent of the world output. The country is the world's richest economy with the gross domestic product (GDP) of approximately 5.500 billion dollars.

The USA has rich natural resources - iron ore, nonferrous metals, coal, gas and oil. Different regions of the country have different branches of industry.

The Northeast has some important seaports including New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore. Grain, wood and other raw materials are carried across the Great Lakes. In the industrial Midwest the area around Lake Erie and Lake Michigan is well-known for producing steel, cars and other industrial products. The most important steelmaking centres of the country are Pittsburgh, Chicago, Detroit, Toledo, Cleveland, and Buffalo. Detroit, a city in the Midwest is the heart of the automobile industry.

The State of Texas in the Southwest is the largest producer of oil in the United States. The leading oil companies are located in Houston and Dallas. Besides different branches of the US industry produce machinery, ships, aircrafts, computers, televisions, radios, glass, rubber, chemicals, clothing.

The US agriculture is highly developed. Millions of cows graze in the pastures of the Great Lakes region. This area is called the Dairy Belt. The state of Wisconsin is the leader in dairy farming and is well-known for its production of cheese.

Corn is the most important of all American crops. The part of the prairie where corn is grown is called the Corn Belt.

Cotton is the principal crop of the South. The area of cotton growing is called the Cotton Belt. Cotton picking is mechanical. Besides, major cotton-growing areas, such as Alabama, Mississippi and Georgia now produce peanuts, soybeans, and tobacco. Texas produces wheat, corn, and soybeans.

All kinds of fruit and vegetables grow in California. The state is known for avocados and grapes. The wine-making industry is also developed in California.

2. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

Округ Колумбия, высокоразвитая промышленная страна, валовoй внутренний продукт, составляет 25%, цветные металлы, сырье, известна производством стали, расположены, пасутся на пастбищах, «молочный пояс», молочное животноводство, «кукурузный пояс», «хлопковый пояс», хлопководство, сбор хлопка, арахис, виноделие.

2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the gross domestic product in the USA?

2. What natural resources has the United States?

3. What are the biggest steel-making centers?

4. Where are cars produced?

5. Where is corn grown?

2. Напишите рассказ о Вашингтоне.

Вариант 5

1. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите в них видовременную форму глагола-сказуемого:

1. Mr. Brown was invited for dinner at his friend’s house. 2. Farmers grow different fruits and vegetables in this part of the country. 3. A lot of interesting articles are published in the newspaper. 4. This firm is our old trade partner. 5. I hope this dispute will be settled at the meeting.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите в них видовременную форму глагола-сказуемого:

1. The programmer is working on his computer now. 2. The manager and the customer were discussing the credit terms (условия кредитования) when the president phoned. 3. I’ll be expecting you at 2 o’clock sharp (ровно). 4. It was snowing all day yesterday. 5. While the children were sleeping, their mother was washing the dishes.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на использование Present Continuous для выражения будущих действий:

1. We are leaving Moscow for London on Tuesday. 2. It’s slippery. The woman is going to fall down. 3. He is calling on me tonight. 4. We’re buying a new television soon. 5. The director is going to look through the mail.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Определите видовременную форму глагола-сказуемого:

1. Their proposal is being discussed now. 2. The documents were being prepared when the customers arrived at the office. 3. The computer specialists were sent to the retraining centre. 4. New computers are being installed in the office. 5. I am looking for information about Australia’s agriculture.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык повелительные предложения с глаголом let:

1. Let me introduce Mr. Brown to you. 2. Let him go to the football match. 3. Let my people go. 4. Let’s have a break. 5. Let them stay at this hotel.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на употребление модальных глаголов can, may и их эквивалентов:

1. Nowadays all students can use computers and different electronic devices. 2. I can run very well. 3. Can / Could / May I use the telephone? 4. Can / Could you answer the phone for me please? – Yes, certainly. 5. We will be able to go to the exhibition tomorrow. 6. May I have a word with you, please?

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на употребление глагола must и его эквивалента:

1. Now I must go and make a phone call. 2. You mustn’t swim under the bridge. 3. We must solve this problem together. 4. He had to work hard to earn his living. 5. We will have to take a taxi if we don’t want to miss the train.

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на употребления глаголов should и ought to:

1. You should help your friends. 2. You shouldn’t work so much. 3. Parents ought to take care of their children and children ought to take care of their parents. 4. You ought to be more attentive.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие сложноподчиненные предложения. Определите тип придаточного предложения:

1. I shall talk to him about it when I see him. 2. If my sister passes her exams, she will go to the seaside. 3. He will return you the book as soon as he has finished reading it. 4. Ask her to help you unless she is busy.

2. Перепишите и переведите на русский язык следующие слова. В случае затруднения, уточните их значения по словарю:

A director, a mechanic, to produce, a club, a box, a symphony, a journal, an author, mathematics, a minute.

2. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык следующий текст: