- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
- •1 Модуль
- •2 Модуль
- •3 Модуль
- •4 Модуль
- •Module 1
- •1. Pronouns
- •2. Nouns
- •Accommodation, advice, baggage, behavior, bread, chaos, damage, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, permission, progress, scenery, traffic, weather, work, etc.
- •3. Adjectives (Comparisons)
- •Irregular forms:
- •Comparative constructions:
- •4. Present Simple
- •5. Present Continuous
- •6. Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Stative verbs
- •7. Future Simple and Present tenses with the future meaning
- •Hold, carry, cost, take place, provide, sell, use
- •Be going to
- •Finish, complain, fall off, be, miss, die, rain, drive, work, fail
- •8. Present Perfect
- •Since, yet, for, already
- •In the laboratory ....
- •9. Past simple
- •Used to
- •Write, spend, work, hold, help, act, teach, set, tell, do
- •9.6 Grammar Quiz
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •11. Past Continuous
- •Grammar quiz: Simple and Continuous
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Past Perfect Continuous
- •14. Revision
- •Test yourself: Tenses
- •Module 2
- •1. “Say” and “tell”
- •2. Reported statements
- •3. Reported Questions
- •4. Reported commands / requests / suggestions
- •5. Modals in Reported Speech
- •6. Introductory Verbs
- •Complain, advise, refuse, warn, beg, suggest, agree, exclaim, deny, offer, insist, apologise, threaten, accuse, prefer
- •7. Revision
- •Test yourself: reported speech
- •1. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (۷). If it is wrong, write the correct variant:
- •2. Read the letter and then complete the text:
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Formation and uses
- •Ship, pick, drink, take, dry, roast, prepare, sell, sort, plant Growing and preparing coffee.
- •Grown, cut, taught, locked, sent, explained, killed, given, built, driven
- •Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write
- •2. Changing from active into passive
- •Had been given, had been told, had never been taught, was given (twice), was offered, was promised, was sent, was shown, wasn't being paid
- •3. Passive structures
- •It _____________________________________________ (be) supposed to
- •Arrive, be, block, come, park, phone, start
- •Ask, break, damage, hurt, pay, steal, sting, stop, use
- •4. Revision
- •For Love or Money
- •Test yourself: passives
- •1. Circle a passive or active verb form:
- •2. Put simple present, simple past or future passive verbs into these sentences:
- •3. Circle the best way to continue:
- •4. Put present perfect or present continuous passive verbs into these sentences:
- •5. Use the words in italics as the subjects and verbs of passive sentences:
- •Module 3 “Modal Verbs”
- •I Functions of modal verbs with the Simple infinitives
- •1. We express ability with:
- •Come eat hear run sleep wait
- •2. We express possibility / probability with:
- •3. We express permission with: (asking for permission)
- •(Giving / refusing permission)
- •4. We make requests, offers or suggestions with:
- •5. We express advice with:
- •Do, not forget, get, give, have, invite, not let, open, start, not tell
- •6. We express obligation or necessity with:
- •7. We express absence of necessity or prohibition with:
- •E.G. You mustn’t touch those wires.
- •Do, get up, go, go, pay, shave, wait, work
- •8. Typical behaviour
- •Be drive fall keep listen make play ring take talk tell
- •9. Revision
- •II *Functions of modal verbs with the Perfect, Continuous and Perfect Continuous infinitives
- •1. Could have done
- •2. Must have done & can’t have done
- •3. May / might have done
- •4. Needn’t have done
- •5. Should have done
- •6. Revision exercises
- •6.3 * Moneybags case
- •Inspector North decided to interview all the suspects separately. Complete the dialogues with the modals in brackets. Sometimes more than one is possible, but use each modal at least once:
- •Test yourself: modal verbs
- •E.G. I'll be back tomorrow unless there's a strike.
- •Note 3: We use “in case” to talk about precautions – things we do to be ready for what might happen. After “in case” we use a present tense to talk about the future.
- •2. Type Two
- •Call an ambulance, complain to the manager, run away, try to catch it, walk to the nearest garage to get some, ring the police
- •3. Type Three
- •4. Revision 1
- •5. Mixed conditionals
- •5.4 * Match the clauses and write the mixed conditional sentences:
- •6. Wishes
- •7. It’s time…
- •I'd rather you phoned her.
- •8. Revision 2
- •I could visit my friend.
- •Test yourself: conditionals Supply the correct forms of the missing verbs:
- •Write Type 2 conditionals to match these situations:
- •Comment on the following situations:
- •Supply “if not” or “unless” in these sentences. Note where you could use either:
- •Use mixed tenses in these sentences:
- •Module 4 Non-finite forms of the verb
- •1. Gerund / ing-form
- •Do, swim, fly, play, run, try, travel, lie, get, ride
- •Answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write
- •2. Could you please stop ______ so much noise?
- •About, of, in, to, after, by, for, on, at, without
- •Look in a dictionary, oil it, play loud music, rob a bank, stroke it, switch on the ignition, take an aspirin, use an extinguisher
- •5. The shops are shut now. It's too late to ____________________.
- •2. Infinitive
- •Help, stay, find, speak, look after, telephone, buy, go, go out, get on
- •Do get go ride say use
- •3. Revision: Gerund or Infinitive?
- •4. Present Participle
- •5. Past Participle
- •2. It was surpris___ to see her.
- •Test yourself: non-finites Circle the correct answer.
- •Put in the correct form of the verb.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Rewrite the sentences with infinitives.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Appendix 1 Active Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 2 Passive Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 3 The -ing form is used :
- •Appendix 4 The to-infinitive is used:
- •Appendix 5 The infinitive without “to” is used:
- •7. Can; 8. Must; 9. Shouldn’t; 10. Must not; 11. Should; 12. Have to
- •13. I will be able to speak French soon. 14. Everybody had to fill in a big form last year. 15. Everybody will have to fill in a big form next year.
- •Appendix 6
- •Verbs with prepositions:
- •Resources:
- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
I Functions of modal verbs with the Simple infinitives
1. We express ability with:
can (ability in the present or future) – e.g. Can you swim? No, I can't. I can run fast though.
could (general ability in the past) – e.g. She could dance for hours when she was young. (repeated action)
was able to (= managed to) (ability in the past for a single action, achievement) – e.g. He was able to win the race. (single action)
Can is the Present Simple form and could is the Past Simple. Can borrows the rest of its tenses from the verb phrase “be able to”. e.g. She hasn't been able to finish it yet. (Present Perfect)
1.1 Complete the sentences with can / can't / could / couldn't + one of these verbs:
Come eat hear run sleep wait
1. I'm afraid I can't come to your party next week.
2. When Tim was 16, he was a fast runner. He _____ ____ 100 metres in 11 seconds.
3. 'Are you in a hurry?' 'No, I've got plenty of time. I _____ ____.'
4. I was feeling sick yesterday. I _____ ____ anything.
5. Can you speak up a bit? I _____ ____ you very well.
6. 'You look tired.' 'Yes, I _____ ____ last night.'
1.2 Write these sentences using the correct form of can, could, or be able to:
1. I _________ see you tomorrow.
2. It was too expensive – I _________ buy it.
3. _________ I have a word with you, please?
4. I generally leave work at six, but I _________ leave earlier on Fridays.
5. _________ you help me carry this downstairs?
6. (she) _________ come to the office tomorrow?
7. I tried to see her, but I _________ .
8. It was so heavy that I _________ lift it.
9. I _________ come tomorrow, I'm afraid. I'm too busy.
10. (you) _________ contact your parents yesterday?
11. He _________ (not) work since his illness.
2. We express possibility / probability with:
may = might = could (possibility) – e.g. He may be back before noon. (It's possible.); There might be some cheese in the fridge. (It's possible.); He could still be at home. (It's possible.)
must, can’t (probability) – e.g. They look alike. They must be twins. (I think they are twins.); You have been sleeping all day. You can't be tired. (I don't think it's possible that you are tired.)
can he be? – e.g. Can he still be at work? (is it possible?)
Although might is the past form of may it can be used for present situations too. May borrows the rest of its tenses from the verb phrase “be allowed to”. e.g. He has not been allowed to enter the building.
2.1 Put in must or can't:
1. You've been travelling all day. You must be very tired.
2. That restaurant ____ be very good. It's always full of people.
3. That restaurant ____ be very good. It's always empty.
4. You're going on holiday next week. You ____ be looking forward to it.
5. It rained every day during their holiday, so they ____ have had a very nice time.
6. Congratulations on passing your exam. You ____ be very pleased.
7. You got here very quickly. You ____ have walked very fast.
8. Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often, so they ____ be short of money.
2.2 Rewrite the sentences using must or can’t:
1. I’m sure she is at home. – She must be at home.
2. I’m certain you are crazy.
3. I know that isn’t Janet – she’s in America.
4. I’m sure she thinks I’m stupid.
5. I bet I look silly in this coat.
6. They’re always buying new cars – I’m certain they make a lot of money.
7. I’m sure he’s not a teacher – he is too well-dressed.
8. You are an architect? I’m sure that’s an interesting job.
9. I’m sure you are not serious. I know you’re joking.
10. I’m sure he’s got another woman: he keeps coming late.
2.3 Write sentences with may or might:
1. Where are you going for your holidays? (to Ireland???) I haven't decided yet. I may go to Ireland.
2. What sort of car are you going to buy? (a Mercedes???) I'm not sure yet. I ____.
3. What are you doing this weekend? (go to London???) I haven't decided yet. I ____.
4. Where are you going to hang that picture? (in the dining room???) I haven't made up my mind yet. I ____.
5. When is Tom coming to see us? (on Saturday???) I don't know yet. He ____.
6. What is Julia going to do when she leaves school? (go to university???) She hasn't decided yet. She ____.