- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
- •1 Модуль
- •2 Модуль
- •3 Модуль
- •4 Модуль
- •Module 1
- •1. Pronouns
- •3. Adjectives (Comparisons)
- •Irregular forms:
- •Comparative constructions:
- •2. Nouns
- •Accommodation, advice, baggage, behavior, bread, chaos, damage, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, permission, progress, scenery, traffic, weather, work, etc.
- •4. Present Simple
- •5. Present Continuous
- •6. Present Simple and Present Continuous
- •Stative verbs
- •7. Future Simple and Present tenses with the future meaning
- •Hold, carry, cost, take place, provide, sell, use
- •Be going to
- •Finish, complain, fall off, be, miss, die, rain, drive, work, fail
- •8. Present Perfect
- •Since, yet, for, already
- •In the laboratory ....
- •9. Past simple
- •Used to
- •Write, spend, work, hold, help, act, teach, set, tell, do
- •9.6 Grammar Quiz
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •11. Past Continuous
- •Grammar quiz: Simple and Continuous
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Past Perfect Continuous
- •14. Revision
- •Test yourself: Tenses
- •Module 2
- •1. “Say” and “tell”
- •2. Reported statements
- •3. Reported Questions
- •4. Reported commands / requests / suggestions
- •5. Modals in Reported Speech
- •6. Introductory Verbs
- •Complain, advise, refuse, warn, beg, suggest, agree, exclaim, deny, offer, insist, apologise, threaten, accuse, prefer
- •7. Revision
- •Test yourself: reported speech
- •1. If the sentence is correct, put a tick (۷). If it is wrong, write the correct variant:
- •2. Read the letter and then complete the text:
- •Passive Voice
- •1. Formation and uses
- •Ship, pick, drink, take, dry, roast, prepare, sell, sort, plant Growing and preparing coffee.
- •Grown, cut, taught, locked, sent, explained, killed, given, built, driven
- •Cause, damage, hold, include, invite, make, overtake, show, translate, write
- •2. Changing from active into passive
- •Had been given, had been told, had never been taught, was given (twice), was offered, was promised, was sent, was shown, wasn't being paid
- •3. Passive structures
- •It _____________________________________________ (be) supposed to
- •Arrive, be, block, come, park, phone, start
- •Ask, break, damage, hurt, pay, steal, sting, stop, use
- •4. Revision
- •For Love or Money
- •Test yourself: passives
- •1. Circle a passive or active verb form:
- •2. Put simple present, simple past or future passive verbs into these sentences:
- •3. Circle the best way to continue:
- •4. Put present perfect or present continuous passive verbs into these sentences:
- •5. Use the words in italics as the subjects and verbs of passive sentences:
- •Module 3 “Modal Verbs”
- •I Functions of modal verbs with the Simple infinitives
- •1. We express ability with:
- •Come eat hear run sleep wait
- •2. We express possibility / probability with:
- •3. We express permission with: (asking for permission)
- •(Giving / refusing permission)
- •4. We make requests, offers or suggestions with:
- •5. We express advice with:
- •Do, not forget, get, give, have, invite, not let, open, start, not tell
- •6. We express obligation or necessity with:
- •7. We express absence of necessity or prohibition with:
- •E.G. You mustn’t touch those wires.
- •Do, get up, go, go, pay, shave, wait, work
- •8. Typical behaviour
- •Be drive fall keep listen make play ring take talk tell
- •9. Revision
- •II *Functions of modal verbs with the Perfect, Continuous and Perfect Continuous infinitives
- •1. Could have done
- •2. Must have done & can’t have done
- •3. May / might have done
- •4. Needn’t have done
- •5. Should have done
- •6. Revision exercises
- •6.3 * Moneybags case
- •Inspector North decided to interview all the suspects separately. Complete the dialogues with the modals in brackets. Sometimes more than one is possible, but use each modal at least once:
- •Test yourself: modal verbs
- •E.G. I'll be back tomorrow unless there's a strike.
- •Note 3: We use “in case” to talk about precautions – things we do to be ready for what might happen. After “in case” we use a present tense to talk about the future.
- •2. Type Two
- •Call an ambulance, complain to the manager, run away, try to catch it, walk to the nearest garage to get some, ring the police
- •3. Type Three
- •4. Revision 1
- •5.4 * Match the clauses and write the mixed conditional sentences:
- •5. Mixed conditionals
- •6. Wishes
- •7. It’s time…
- •I'd rather you phoned her.
- •8. Revision 2
- •I could visit my friend.
- •Test yourself: conditionals Supply the correct forms of the missing verbs:
- •Write Type 2 conditionals to match these situations:
- •Comment on the following situations:
- •Supply “if not” or “unless” in these sentences. Note where you could use either:
- •Use mixed tenses in these sentences:
- •Module 4 Non-finite forms of the verb
- •1. Gerund / ing-form
- •Do, swim, fly, play, run, try, travel, lie, get, ride
- •Answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write
- •2. Could you please stop ______ so much noise?
- •About, of, in, to, after, by, for, on, at, without
- •Look in a dictionary, oil it, play loud music, rob a bank, stroke it, switch on the ignition, take an aspirin, use an extinguisher
- •5. The shops are shut now. It's too late to ____________________.
- •2. Infinitive
- •Help, stay, find, speak, look after, telephone, buy, go, go out, get on
- •Do get go ride say use
- •3. Revision: Gerund or Infinitive?
- •4. Present Participle
- •5. Past Participle
- •2. It was surpris___ to see her.
- •Test yourself: non-finites Circle the correct answer.
- •Put in the correct form of the verb.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Rewrite the sentences with infinitives.
- •Circle the correct answer.
- •Appendix 1 Active Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 2 Passive Voice: Formation
- •Appendix 3 The -ing form is used :
- •Appendix 4 The to-infinitive is used:
- •Appendix 5 The infinitive without “to” is used:
- •7. Can; 8. Must; 9. Shouldn’t; 10. Must not; 11. Should; 12. Have to
- •13. I will be able to speak French soon. 14. Everybody had to fill in a big form last year. 15. Everybody will have to fill in a big form next year.
- •Appendix 6
- •Verbs with prepositions:
- •Resources:
- •Укладач: Андрюшкiна I.О., викл.
Note 3: We use “in case” to talk about precautions – things we do to be ready for what might happen. After “in case” we use a present tense to talk about the future.
e.g. I’ve bought a chicken in case your mother stays to lunch.
“In case” is not the same as “if”. Compare:
I'll buy a bottle of wine (now) in case Roger comes (later). I'll buy a bottle of wine (later) if Roger comes (and if he doesn't come I won't).
1.8 If or in case?
1. I'm taking my umbrella with me _____ it rains.
2. I'll open the umbrella _____ it rains.
3. People phone the fire brigade _____ their houses catch fire.
4. People insure their houses _____ they catch fire.
5. We have a burglar alarm _____ somebody tries to break in.
6. The burglar alarm will go off _____ somebody tries to break in.
7. I'll let you know _____ I need help.
8. I'll take the mobile phone _____ I need to phone you.
NOTE 4: We can use “should” in the if-clause when we are less sure about the possibility – problematic condition: e.g. If I should meet her, I’ll ask her. (I may meet her, but I doubt it.)
2. Type Two
The sentences of this type express improbable situations in the present or future (UNREAL PRESENT). It is also used to give advice.
|
Main clause |
If-clause |
|
WOULD / COULD / MIGHT + bare infinitive |
Past Simple or Past Continuous |
|
If I saw a ghost, I would run away. (not likely to happen) If I were you, I wouldn’t go out with him. (advice) | |
NOTE 1: “were” is used instead of “was” in all persons.
NOTE 2: We can omit "if". When we omit "if" should, were and had (Past Perfect) come before the subject.
e.g. If he should turn up, tell him to wait for me. → Should he turn up, tell him to wait for me.
If I were you, I would speak to her. → Were I you, I would speak to her.
If he had known, he would have told us. → Had he known, he would have told us.
2.1 What would you do in each situation? Write unreal present conditionals, use the ideas below:
Call an ambulance, complain to the manager, run away, try to catch it, walk to the nearest garage to get some, ring the police
1. You find a fly in your soup.
2. You see a burglar breaking into your house.
3. You see a mouse in your kitchen.
4. Your car runs out of petrol.
5. You see an accident.
6. You see a ghost in your room.
2.2 Put in the correct verb forms:
1. The kitchen _____ (look) better if we _____ (have) red curtains.
2. I _____ (be) sorry if we _____ (not see) her again.
3. It _____ (be) a pity if Andy ______ (not get) the job.
4. If I _____ (know) his address, I _____ (go) round and see him.
5. What _____ (you do) if you _____ (win) the lottery?
6. It _____ (be) quicker if you _____ (use) a computer.
7. If you _____ (not be) so busy, I _____ (show) you how to play.
8. If we _____ (have) some eggs, I _____ (make) you a cake.
9. If you really _____ (love) me, you _____ (buy) me those diamonds.
10. I'm sure Moira _____ (help) you if you _____ (ask) her.
3. Type Three
The sentences of this type express unreal or improbable situations in the past (UNREAL PAST). It is also used to express regrets and criticism.
|
Main clause |
If-clause |
|
WOULD / COULD / MIGHT + have + past participle |
Past Perfect or Past Perfect Continuous |
|
e.g. If I had locked the car, it wouldn’t have been stolen. (regret; it is a pity I did not lock it.) e.g. If he had behaved well, the teacher wouldn’t have punished him. (criticism) | |
3.1 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense:
If John 1 ____ (oversleep), he 2 ____ (not / be) late for work. If he 3 ____ (not /be) late for work, his boss 4 ____ (not / fire) him. If John 5 ____ (not / lose) his job, he 6 ____ (not / need) money and he 7 ____ (not / rob) the bank. If he 8 ____ (not / rob) the bank, the police 9 ____ (not / arrest) him.
3.2 Match the parts of the sentences:
|
1. If I hadn’t missed the bus, 2. If she hadn’t fell ill this morning, 3. If the food hadn’t been awful, 4. If he had passed his exams, 5. If the salary had been good, 6. If it hadn’t been my birthday, |
a) he would have gone to university. b) Chris wouldn’t have given me. c) she would have gone to school. d) I would have accepted the job. e) I wouldn’t have been late for work. f) we would have eaten it. |
3.3 Put in the correct verb forms:
1. If I _____ (know) you were coming, I ________ (invite) some friends in.
2. He ___________ (go) to university if his father __________ (not be) ill.
3. If you _____ (say) you weren't hungry, I __________ (not cook) such a big meal.
4. The team __________ (win) if Jones __________ (play) better.
5. If they _______ (not cut) off the electricity, I _______ (finish) my work.
6. If Bell _____ (not invent) the telephone, somebody else __________ (do) it.
7. If you _____ (not spend) so much time making up, we __________(not be) late.
8. The burglars __________ (not get) in if you _____(remember) to lock the door.
9. If he ______ (not be) a film star, he __________ (not become) President.
10. If she __________ (have) more sense, she __________ (sell) her car years ago.