Vocabulary practice

BLOCK I

1. Match the words with explanations in columns.

А	В
doughnut	а. small pieces of raw potatoes fried crisp
honey	b. vegetables served at table
dressing	с. the sweet nectar of flowers collected by bees
chips	d. small balls of dough cooked in boiling oil
lean meat	e. substances we add to food to make it tastier
(person with) sweet tooth	f. a person, who likes sweets
vegetable salad	g. the process of preparing dinner / supper
soup ladle	h. the meat which has no fat
to cook	i. extra money that we give to a waiter in a restaurant
tip	j. a large spoon we use to pour soup into a plate

2. Сhoose one word in every line that doesn’t fit the given category.

1. cake, pie, duck, bun, doughnut;

2. bacon, ham, sausage, chop, cabbage;

3. potato, rice, barley, corn, wheat;

4. onion, carrot, cucumber, egg, tomato;

5. grapes, mushrooms, cherry, apple, peach.

2. Fill in the appropriate words from the right column.

What Does it Come Under?

If you __________ there are certain ___________ you really have to avoid: _________ and __________ are out for a start, but you can’t live forever on ____________ and ____________ . There are men and women who spend their entire lives counting ___________ they take in each day. Some national _________ make you fat. The Japanese have a high protein diet, while the Swiss eat a lot of __________ . Personally, I’m lucky not to have to diet, but my friend, John, can’t eat anything without looking it up in his Calorie Chart. This is carefully organized so that _____________ and _____________ are under ‘Fruit’; _____________ and _____________ come under ‘Starchy Foods’, and so on. I entertained John to a nice low calorie _____________ yesterday and at the end I offered him some _____________ . ‘What does ‘jelly’ come under?’ he asked looking at his chart. ‘Half a liter of double cream,’ I said, pouring the stuff over my plate!

biscuits tomatoes jelly cuisines strawberries spaghetti foods are dieting the calories potato cakes oranges milk products peaches diet

2. Translate into English.

1. Я з дитинства люблю випічку, особливо ватрушки, які запиваю молоком. 2. Після обстеження лікар прописав мені сувору дієту і заборонив їсти важку їжу та жирне смажене м’ясо. 3. Людям, які страждають від шлункових захворювань, корисно їсти вівсянку для кращого травлення. 4. Землю в цій місцевості здали в оренду для вирощування гречки, ячменю, кукурудзи та жита. 5. На свято Нового року в нас прийнято запікати фаршировану качку з яблуками та чорносливом і подавати її з червоним вином. 6. Кожного разу, коли я печу млинці, я змащую їх плавленим сиром, начиняю їх відвареною курячою грудинкою, смаженими грибами або шинкою та роблю салат зі свіжих овочів, заправлених оливковою олією. 7. Сезон хурми в Україні припадає на зиму, в інші пори року можна їсти яблука, банани, виноград, сливи, дині та кавуни. 8. Червоне солодке вино краще подавати з корицею, вона надасть аромату та увиразнить його смак. 9. Ми веселилися та бурхливо обговорювали події, проте, коли нам принесли великий рахунок, ми відчули серйозність ситуації. 10. Моя сім’я ніколи не купує собаці ні консервів, ні корму для тварин, він їсть усе “зі столу”.

BLOCK II

1. Read the following dialogues.

A: The table is laid. Come along and let’s start. It’s high time to have dinner.

B: I’m ready. I feel quite hungry. I could eat a horse.

A: So am I. I haven’t got a horse for you but your favorite dishes will be served today.

B: What are they? I’ve got so many.

A: For the first course we’ll have chicken soup and cutlets with mashed potatoes for the main.

B: And for the dessert?

A: I’ve made cherry pie and stewed fruits.

B: Oh, that’s wonderful. Let’s sit at the table as soon as possible.

At the Restaurant

A: Shall we have our dinner in this restaurant? They serve very good meals here and the prices are reasonable.

B: Well, you lead. You should know better. (In the restaurant)

A: What shall we have? A three-course dinner, I suppose. I’m awfully hungry.

B: So am I. And I’m thirsty too.

A: Then let’s have a glass of mineral water first or some orange juice.

B: I’d prefer orange juice with ice or iced tea.

A: Waiter! Iced orange juice and a glass of mineral water, please. Now let’s see the menu and here is the wine list too. How about some hard drinks?

B: I wouldn’t mind having a brandy.

A: So it’s one brandy. And whisky and soda for me. Would you like any starters?

B: A salad would do, I think.

A: And I’ll have shrimps. Would you like any soup? As for me I’ll have mushroom soup and smoked salmon for the main course.

B: I like your choice. I’d rather have the same.

2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.

1. Mother: Would you like some bread and ham, Tommy?

2. Tommy: All right, pass me the brown bread, please.

3. Mother: Better take some honey.

4. Tommy: No, thanks. Two soft-boiled eggs would do for me.

5. Mother: Another slice of bread, Tommy?

6. Mother: I’m afraid these are hard-boiled. But you can have half of the omelet I've made. I am sure you’ll find it to your liking?

7. Tommy: No, thank you. No more for me.

8. Mother: Very well. Let me pour it out. Some more coffee, Tommy?

9. Tommy: Thanks, the omelet is pretty good.

10. Mother: Here you are.

11. Tommy: May I trouble you for jam?

12. Mother: A cup of coffee?

13. Tommy: Yes, please.

14. Tommy: Oh, no. I never have honey with coffee.

3. Complete the dialogue, translating Ukrainian sentences into English.

(У ресторані)

- Ви не зголодніли?

- Oh, yes I am.

- А я дуже хочу пити.

- Would you like a glass of orange juice?

- Дякую. Охоче. Мені до смаку апельсиновий сік.

- And I prefer apple juice.

- Усі соки корисні для здоров’я: томатний, яблучний, абрикосовий, а також ананасовий.

- I like pineapple best of all.

- Що ми замовимо?

- The three course dinner, I suppose.

- Ну гаразд, вибирайте.

- Let’s start with salad, then chicken soup, fish and chips.

- Я, мабуть, замовлю овочі, фрукти та чашку чаю без цукру.

- Are you slimming?

- Так.

- What does your diet allow you?

- Трохи м’яса або риби, яйця, трохи сиру або молока і багато овочів: зелений салат, капуста, помідори, огірки, буряк і багато фруктів. Ніяких тістечок, морозива, шоколаду і дуже мало солі. Я живу не для того, щоб їсти, а їм для того, щоб жити.

- Так, смаки різні.

BLOCK III

1. Read the text and give a detailed description of cooking your favorite Ukrainian dish.

Ukrainian Cuisine

Ukrainian cuisine has been formed during many centuries. Among Slavic cuisines Ukrainian is considered the most diverse and the richest by right. It spread out over the borders of Ukraine a long time ago. The most typical feature of the Ukrainian National Cuisine is a combined heat treatment of the vegetables and meat in the oil or butter, so called ‘Ukrainian frying’, and only after that, stewing, boiling or baking (e.g. Ukrainian borsch).

Ukrainian cuisine is quite regional. That’s why the same traditional borsch tastes differently and prepared differently in every region.

For every national cuisine, the place, where food is cooked has the great influence. In Ukraine, such a place was an oven, fire of a closed type. That is why Ukrainian cuisine mainly uses the techniques of boiling, stewing and baking. Even Cossacks, after shooting a game, were trying to make a bouillon out of it, but not to fry it, which is more typical for Germans, for example.

Ukrainian cuisine borrowed some techniques from neighbors, for example, Tatar and Turkish cuisines, partially modifying them. Say, frying of products in the overheated oil / butter, which is peculiar for the Turkish cuisine, was regenerated into the ‘Ukrainian frying’ (so called ‘paseruvannya’ (browning) of vegetables which are used for borsch or second courses). This is, for example, not peculiar for Russian cuisine.

From Germans, Ukrainians borrowed ground meat (‘sichenyky’ – cutlet type dishes out of ground meat, eggs, vegetables, mushrooms, etc.), and from Hungarians – the usage of paprika.

If to talk about meat, pork is widely spread in Ukraine, comparing with beef, which is more typical for Russian cuisine or mutton for Tatar. Oxen were more like the working animals in Ukraine, and their meat was not as tasty and soft as the pigs’ meat. It has also been considered not as clean as pork.

Potatoes became widely spread in Ukraine in 18th century. Even though it didn’t become ‘second bread’ like in Belorussia, but became very popular and used in first, second courses and garnish for fish and meat dishes. Also, potatoes began to be used in getting starch, used for preparing different types of sweet dishes, including ‘kissel’ (a sweet drink resembling jelly).

In 18th century sunflower and mustard appeared in Ukraine. This played an important role in the development of the Ukrainian cuisine. Sunflower oil began to be widely used instead of the imported Greek olive oil, and mustard is used for making oil and spices for meat and other dishes. Nowadays sunflower oil supplanted nearly all other oils. There are two types of sunflower oil widely used: hot extracted with a strong peculiar smell of fried sunflower seeds (favorite type among Ukrainians, used mainly in salads) and cold extracted type (used for frying), better known and used abroad.

2. Read the story of Coca-Cola and check your ideas.

Things go better with Coca-Cola

Coca-Cola is enjoyed all over the world. 1.6 billion gallons are sold every year, in over one hundred and sixty countries. The drink was invented by Dr John Pemberton in Atlanta as a health drink on 8 May 1886, but it was given the name Coca-Cola by his partner, Frank Robinson, because it was originally made from the coca (cocaine) plant. In the first year, only nine drinks a day were sold.

The business was bought by a man called Asa Candler in 1888, and the first factory was opened in Dallas, Texas, in 1895. Coca-Cola is still made there. Billions of bottles and cans have been produced since 1895, but the recipe is still kept secret!

Diet Coke has been made since 1982, and over the years many clever advertisements have been used to sell the product. It is certain that Coca-Cola will be drunk far into the twenty-first century.

a) Do you drink Coca-Cola? Do you think these facts about Coca-Cola are true or false?

- 1.6 billion gallons are sold every day.

- Coca-Cola is drunk in every country in the world.

- It was invented in the USA.

- It is nearly 100 years old.

b) Try to remember the whole sentences about Coca-Cola.

3. Match the story with the correct words and get the following information. Can you think of any pastry origin in your own country?

to make, to become, to grow, to eat, to open (2), to call,

to prefer, to give, to buy

History of the Hamburger

The hamburger is the most eaten food of the world. The first hamburger (1) ______ and sold in Connecticut in 1895 by an American chef called Louis Lassen. Louis (2) ______ them hamburgers because he (3) ______ the recipe by sailors from Hamburg in Germany. Hamburgers (4) ______ a favorite in America in the early part of the 20^th century. Their popularity (5) _____ even more after the Second World War, when they (6) _____ in large quantities by teenagers who (7) _____ fast food to family meals. In 1948 two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald (8) _____ a drive-in hamburger restaurant in San Bernardino, California. Since then over 25,000 McDonald’s restaurants (9) _____ worldwide and now 35 million McDonald’s hamburgers (10) _____ every day in 115 countries from India to the Arctic Circle.

4. Study restaurant facilities and tell:

• Which of the given is the most often visited personally by you?

• Which one is the most popular / common in your city (town) / country?

• What is specific about food served there?

• Which from the list would you choose to start your own food business?

restaurant fast-food restaurant / quick-lunch restaurant mountain restaurant vegetarian restaurant wine-restaurant / wine bar luxury restaurant coffee lounge / coffee house gourmet restaurant club restaurant panorama restaurant terrace restaurant restaurant with the national cuisine

informal restaurant open-air restaurant fish (seafood) restaurant self-service restaurant chop house restaurant Japanese restaurant tavern tea-room bar lobby bar / foyer bar banquet bar

grill-bar / grill-room disco-bar cocktail bar mini-bar brasserie / pub poolside bar oyster bar fruit bar snack-bar café / coffee shop cafeteria pastry shop / confectioner’s (shop)

BLOCK IV

Topics for discussion and essays.

1. Speak about advantages of eating out.

2. Give a recipe of your favorite dish.

3. What is specific about holiday dishes?

4. Speak about Ukrainian hospitality in food if any.

5. Speak about advantages / disadvantages of junk food (McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, Potato House).

6. Speak about differences in world’s cuisines, using your own experience.

7. Are you concerned about your daily calorie intake when choosing something to eat?

8. Do you have any food allergies?

9. Do you know who invented the pizza and why is it so popular?

10. Why do you think some people become vegetarians?

LESSON 12

Health and Diseases (Keeping Fit, Treatment)

Every disease has a physician. (Irish Proverb)

No doctor is better than three. (German Proverb)

Diagnosis is not the end, but the beginning of practice.

The art of medicine consists in amusing the patient while nature

cures the disease.

I got the bill for my surgery. Now I know what those doctors

were wearing masks for.

It is sometimes as dangerous to be run into by a microbe as

by a trolley car.