Grammar revision: Passive voice (consult Appendix 1)

17. Write past indefinite and past participle forms of the following verbs. What form is used for the formation of the passive voice?

To call, to appear, to find, to refer, to say, to fall, to build, to cost, to label, to begin, to sell, to send, to catch, to make, to write, to win, to buy, to use, to access, to take, to do, to break, to develop, to speak.

18. Read the article and underline the passive voice tenses:

A HACKER has been sent to jail for fraudulent use of credit card numbers. Nicholas Cook, 26, was arrested by police officers near a bank cashpoint last month. Eight months earlier, he had been caught copying hundreds of computer programs illegally. After an official inquiry, he was accused of software piracy and fined 5,000$. It is reported that in the last few years Cook has been sending malware (malicious software) to phone operators and attacking mobile phones to steal business and personal information. Cook has now been sentenced to three years in prison for stealing passwords and obtaining money by credit card fraud. Government officials say that new anti-hacking legislation will be introduced in the EU next year. (from Infotech English for Computer Users)

19. Complete these sentences with the present/past simple passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Microprocessors (make)________of silicon. 2. Call centres (not use) ________to deal with business telephone enquiries. 3. GPS (develop) _________in the 1970s as a military navigation system. 4. These applications (write) ______ through platform as a service. 5. The mechanical calculator (invent) ______ by Blaise Pascal. 6. Last year the prize (win) _______ by a team from Chernivtsi. 7. Generally, this service (use) ______ by large enterprises. 8. In 1801, Joseph-Marie Jacquard developed a loom in which the pattern being woven (control) _______ by punched cards. 9. A tablet (not design) _______ in 1990. 10. Video games (buy) ______ by teenagers.

20. Complete these sentences with the present/past continuous passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I had to use my laptop this morning while my PC (fix) _______. 2. These days these devices (implement) ______ by many organizations. 3. Sorry about the mess – the computers (replace) _______ at the moment. 4. I couldn’t make a hardcopy of the document, because my printer (refill) _____ then. 5. Very affordable android tablet pcs (sell) ______ with discounts right now. 6. The problems (solve) ______ by the second-year students now. 7. The promotion of the brand (do) ______ in the form of billboards now. 8. The report (write) _____ by Paul when I visited him yesterday.

21. Complete these sentences with the present/past perfect passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. In recent years, most mobile phones (equip) ________with Bluetooth. 2. Recently several devices to store the maximum amount of information (develop) _____ in many organizations. 3. Devices (use) ______ to aid computation for thousands of years. 4. Cloud computing is the latest technology that (implement) ______ in IT industry. 5. The direct conversation with the company will make you alert that whether the system (damage) ______ because the initial faults or was it the fault of the IT Company itself. 6. After the study (do) ______, we drew a diagram. 7. The Playbook tablet (receive) _______well. 8. After he (not admit) ______ to the CNU, he tried to enter another university. 9. CSS (release) ______ in different versions with CSS3 being the latest one in its series. 10. I reported to the police that my tablet (steal)_____.

22. Complete these sentences with the future simple passive form or a modal verb+passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. In the near future, the Internet (access) _______ more frequently from mobile phones than from desktop computers. 2. Networks can (connect) ________via satellite. 3. The specifications and options about the products ought to (understand) _____. 4. The data can (not access) ______by the multiple users. 5. According to ComScore, based on data from Morgan Stanley research, desktop users (surpass) ______ by mobile users in the nearest future. 6. Data has to (store and maintain) ______ securely for future reference. 7. Scottish mathematician and physicist John Napier noted multiplication and division of numbers could (perform) ______ by addition and subtraction, respectively, of logarithms of those numbers. 8. To run all these activities smoothly an active management should (involve) ______. 9. The photos of the new device (take) _____ for the student’s newspaper, as soon as the young scientist finishes his project. 10. If you install this app, your systems (not monitor) _____ from a remote place.