III. Прочтите и переведите текст: Text b. The After-Use of Restored Land

The industrial production must not damage the land re­sources and increase the amount of waste land. Considerable areas of dereliction are being reclaimed each year. The after-use of the restored land resources is to be tackled by land use planners. This work is being done very efficiently by special­ists of irrigation and land reclamation.

It is possible to restore the derelict land to a new use or to a more appropriate land use. The land sometimes is restored to its former condition and may be used as it has been used before dereliction. The agricultural production should gain the priorities among other uses. Return to agriculture may mean a lower grade of land and lower productivity or change from arable to grazing land. Local land use deficiencies and the site constraints should be taken into consideration. If the land was originally poor, badly drained, suffering from exhaustion it may be possible to improve the site by addition­al restoration working. The efficiency of the land parcel may be improved. The field size may be enlarged or rationalized, the boundaries of the land parcel planted with hedges and shelterbelts.

The land use planner usually selects species to suit the soil and climatic conditions. Forestry is a safe return on the poorer soils and in upland districts. The site survey and ana­lysis to be used may be useful for selecting the species to suit the restored land resources.

The general techniques for site survey and analysis are used for land use planning of restored areas. But there are special characteristics of derelict land which raise difficult problems of after-use. They need identifying at an early stage of land use planning.

The type of questions that need an answer are the follow­ing: Are the levels such that the site can be used for agricul­ture without major earthmoving? Are the grades so steep that erosion would prevent planting into present surfaces? Do the levels indicate that the natural drainage pattern of the area has been destroyed?

The soil and vegetation as well as the previous land use are also the questions that need answers: Is there any soil left on the site? Is there any vegetation on the site? Is the site colonized by grass on "weed" invasion? If there is no vegetation the land use planner is to consid­er whether this is due to lack of soil or some other reason, such as toxic chemicals left in the ground. In this case lab­oratory tests may be necessary.

The land use planner must know everything about the his­tory of the site. It is possible that the previous use was a form of mining so that drifts, shafts and subsidence risks exist on the site. The previous use could be a smelting or chem­ical process such that toxic substances might be left in the ground.

VII. Определите без словаря значения следующих словосочетаний;

technological progress; higher production; open excava­tions; extraction industry; selection of practices; government reclamation agency; lower productivity; soil and climatic conditions; methods of stabilization of slopes