- •Белорусский государственный университет
- •Предисловие
- •1. Profession of an economist
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •1. K p. A. – one thousand per annum.
- •Ex. 3. Express in one word.
- •Comprehension
- •Degrees in Economics
- •Basic Courses
- •Supporting Courses
- •Required Courses Year 1
- •Questions
- •Outstanding Economists
- •The Founder of Economics
- •David Ricardo (1772–1823)
- •John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946)
- •Writing
- •Study the biographical data of Michael Del and Ingvar Kamprad, find the information about famous businessmen and write it down as in the examples that follows the tables.
- •Michael Dell
- •Timeline
- •Ingvar Kamprad Timeline
- •Example
- •Translation a. Translate into Russian. Woman’s Place in Management
- •B. Translate into English.
- •Listening
- •Speaking
- •Vocabulary academic adj – 1. Университетский; академический; учебный; 2. Чисто теоретический; 3. Фундаментальный (в противоположность прикладному)
- •Salary n – жалованье, оклад self-employed adj – обслуживающий свое собственное предприятие; работающий не по найму
- •2. Economics as a science
- •2.1. Economics and Economic Methods
- •Economics: the Study of Scarcity and Choice
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Opportunity Cost
- •Satisfying People’s Wants
- •Methodology
- •Economic Theory and Models
- •Speaking Discuss the following questions.
- •Vocabulary
- •Economic systems
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Translation a. Translate the text from English into Russian. Classification of Countries
- •Vocabulary
- •3. The macroeconomy
- •3.1. Gross domestic product
- •Gross Domestic Product
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Questions
- •Writing
- •Speaking
- •Vocabulary
- •3.2. InflAtion
- •Meaning and Measurement of Inflation
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Demand-Pull and Cost-Push Inflation
- •Does it Cost More to Laugh?
- •Writing
- •Consumer Price Index Criticism
- •Vocabulary
- •3.3. Economic business cycles and unemployment
- •Economic Business Cycles
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Unemployment
- •Types of Unemployment
- •W.H. Philips and the Philips Curve
- •Vocabulary
- •3.4. Banking discovering connections
- •Reading
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Commercial Banks of Britain
- •Banking in the usa
- •Banking and Monetary System of the Republic of Belarus
- •The Paris Club
- •Listening Student Banking
- •Student Banking
- •Application for Credit
- •Vocabulary
- •3.5. Money and monetary policy
- •Reading
- •Money and its Functions
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Classical Economics
- •Keynesian Economics
- •Monetarism
- •Instruments of Monetary Policy
- •Monetary Policy during the Great Depression
- •Listening Central Banking
- •Talking with Paul Volker
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •3.6. Fiscal policy
- •Fiscal Policy
- •Discretionary fiscal policy
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Other Issues in Fiscal Policy
- •The Role of Government
- •Writing
- •Transition and the Changing Role of Government
- •Budgets and Fiscal Policy
- •Briefing on Personal Taxation
- •Vocabulary
- •4. The microeconomy
- •4.1. Supply and demand
- •Supply and Demand
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Equilibrium: Mr.Demand, Meet Mr.Supply
- •Equilibrium
- •Elasticity
- •Ex. 2. Answer the questions on the text.
- •Negotiating on the Phone
- •North Holland Dairy Cooperative, Volendam, Postbus 4550nl-4452
- •Jan van Geelen
- •Vocabulary
- •4.2. Market structure
- •Monopoly
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Three Pricing Strategies
- •Market Leaders, Challengers and Followers
- •Vocabulary
- •5. The global economy
- •5.1. International trade
- •International Trade
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •The Arguments for and against Free Trade
- •The Banana Wars
- •The Legacy of Adam Smith and David Ricardo
- •Listening
- •Vocabulary
- •5.2. Global market and developing nations discovering connections
- •The World’s Economies
- •Industrialized nations: Growing and Growing Old
- •Newly Industrialized Nations: Getting Going
- •Developing Nations
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •To develop, development, developed, developing
- •Comprehension
- •Economic Cooperation
- •Case study
- •B. Scanning for Information
- •Airbus Industrie
- •The Boeing Company
- •C. Interpreting Information
- •Multinational Corporations and Globalization: the Pros and Cons
- •Translation
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Business administration
- •6.1. Company structure discovering connections
- •Reading
- •Forms of Business Organization
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •Flotation
- •Describing Company Structure
- •Is made up of is diveded into
- •Listening
- •Interview with Willhite
- •Vocabulary
- •6.2. Management
- •Nature of Management
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •A. Introduction to the problem
- •B. Scanning for Information
- •Beginning the Business
- •Text b Business Principle: Supermarket Shopping Should Be Fun To Stew Leonard, the distinction between a supermarket and an amusement park is slight, and not necessarily useful.
- •Business Principle: Listen to the Customer
- •Stew Leonard’s Fact Sheet
- •Look at the Stew Leonard's Approach to Supermarket Sales. What do you think about his ideas of running the business. Stew Leonard's Approach to Supermarket Sales
- •Principles of Management
- •What Makes a Good Manager?
- •Семь заповедей бизнесмена
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •6.3. Accounting
- •What is Accounting?
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Accounting and Financial Statements
- •The Accounting Profession
- •Business Documents
- •The Balance Sheet
- •Income Statement
- •Bookkeeping
- •Role Play
- •Project X
- •Vocabulary
- •6.4. Marketing
- •Concept of Marketing
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Building a Brand
- •The brand name
- •B. Scanning for Information
- •The Creation of Levi Jeans
- •Other Levi Strauss Products
- •Text c Why New Products Are Needed
- •Levi Strauss & Co. Product History
- •C. Discussion
- •Writing
- •Marketing Information System
- •You are discussing a new product with your marketing manager. You may use the dialogue below as a model.
- •Vocabulary
- •6.5. Advertising
- •Advertising
- •Vocabulary Focus
- •Comprehension
- •How Companies Advertise
- •Ad advertising campaign advertising standards advertisement advertising budget advertising agencies print
- •Designing an Advertising Campaign Putting the Problem in Perspective: Applying Business Concepts
- •E. Fieldwork
- •Every Day ups Are Trusted To Reliable Deliver 12 Million Shipments Worldwide
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •Список использованной литературы
- •Contents
Writing
Study the biographical data of Michael Del and Ingvar Kamprad, find the information about famous businessmen and write it down as in the examples that follows the tables.
Michael Dell
Timeline
1965 |
Born. |
1977 |
Aged 12, sells stamps by catalogue. |
1983 |
Enters the University of Texas at Austin. |
1984 |
Drops out of university to found Dell Computer. |
1988 |
Dell Computer’s first-year revenues $257.8 million. |
1994 |
www.dell.com launched. |
1997 |
Dell’s online sales, begun in 1996, exceed $3 million a day. |
2000 |
Online sales reach $50 million. |
Example
Michael Dell (1965–) was always going to be a winner. After all, how many high school students earn more than their teachers? Dell progressed from selling newspaper subscriptions to selling computers.
Yet it wasn’t the product that made him wealthy, it was the way he sold it. The Dell corporation pioneered direct selling of computers. It is also an excellent example of a company succeeding by sticking to its founding principles: build to order, keep low stocks, sell direct, understand your customer. And the Internet was a godsend for Dell. What better way of reaching the global consumer? Dell’s success with the direct selling business model has made him the youngest CEO ever of a Fortune 500 company.
Ingvar Kamprad Timeline
1926 |
Born. |
1943 |
Registers company, Ikéa. |
1948 |
Advertises furniture for the first time. |
1951 |
Publishes first catalogue. Revenue exceeds one million kronor ($95,000). |
1953 |
Opens factory combined with furniture exhibition centre in Älmhult. |
1956 |
Introduces flat packaging. |
1958 |
Opens first store in Älmhult. |
1965 |
Introduces self-service in stores. |
1982 |
Ownership transferred to Dutch Foundation – Stichting INGKA. |
1986 |
Officially retires, handing day-to-day running to Anders Moberg. |
1995 |
Stichting INGKA buys Habitat chain. |
1999 |
150th store opens. Turnover reaches Kr60 billion ($5.689 billion). |
Example
Kamprad is a brilliant flat-pack king of furniture. Kamprad enjoys challenging the establishment and upsetting the odds. Industrious from an early age, Kamprad took on the furniture cartel in Sweden and neatly out-manoeuvred it. In the end, as he always predicted they would, customers got what they demanded: low prices and good quality. A man who prides himself on being an ordinary person, Kamprad continued to deliver value for money to ordinary people through innovations such as flat-pack furniture and self-service. Shopping the IKEA way became a family day out, a fun experience, long before the advent of the out-of-town shopping centre. When Kamprad officially took a back seat from line management at IKEA in 1986, he had changed the nature of retailing and provided inspiration for thousands of entrepreneurs.
Translation a. Translate into Russian. Woman’s Place in Management
Bad news for female managers. Their subordinates resent being disciplined by them. Men and women alike would far rather be scolded by a male boss than a female one. Indeed, a study of gender and discipline at work, by Leanne Atwater, a professor at the school of Management at Arizona State University, and two colleagues, finds that women dislike being told off by another woman even more than men do.
Many studies of male and female have claimed that the sexes differ in their styles of leadership: women do better at the people’s side, men at the getting-the-job-done side. Sociologists have studied the different reactions of girls and boys to discipline at school: boys get used to being reprimanded whereas girls, who are more rarely rebuked, take it more personally. But nobody seems to have studied discipline and gender at work.
Ms Atwater and her colleagues interviewed 163 workers from a broad range of jobs who had been disciplined in a variety of ways, from being fired to being ticked off. In about 40% of cases, they found, subordinates changed their behavior as a result of their telling – off, and female bosses were as successful in this as men. But male bosses were much more severe than women: they were three times as likely to suspend or sack a subordinate, and only half as likely to give merely an oral wigging. Even so, when female subordinates were asked if they felt responsible for their bad behavior, 52% said no when a female boss read the riot act – but only 18% when the boss was male.
One explanation for such differences, suggested by a member of the audience at the Academy of Management conference in Toronto where the paper was recently presented, is that women tend to resolve conflicts quickly – and are therefore blamed for overreacting – while men wait in the hope that things will blow over.
Another explanation, from Alice Eagly, a professor of psychology at North-western University, is that women are recent arrivals in managerial roles, and so have less legitimacy than men. There is also a problem of “gender spillover”: people assume women are kind and gentle at home, and expect the same at work. Spillover, though, works both ways. The paper called “Wait Until Your Father Gets Home”, a line that small family subordinates are all too used to hearing.