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Index

203

Regaining access

to apex, retreatment and, 128

to chamber floor, 119-120, 120b, 120f, 121b Regain Sens-A-Ray, 58

Reinforced resins as core material, 138 Reinstrumentation, regaining access to apex and, 128 Removal

of amalgam, 20f

of coronal pulp, endodontic access and, 14 of fractured gutta-percha carriers, 127

of fractured instruments, 97

of fractured nickel titanium instruments, 127 of gutta-percha carrier devices, 127, 127b

of gutta-percha core materials, 124-125 of nickel titanium core materials, 127-128 of paste filling, 124, 124b

of plastic core materials, 127 post, 120-122, 121f, 122f, 123f

of radicular filling material or obstructions, 122-128 Replantation, intentional, 164f, 165

Residual pulp in horn, 22f Resin cores, 138

Resin restoration in access opening, 133t Resin sealers, 102

Resinous cement, post cementation and, 146 Resins, reinforced, as core material, 138 Resorption, canal preparation and, 70 Restoration

canal preparation and, 70

of endodontic access through full-coverage crowns, 146

of endodontically treated tooth, 131-147, 132f, 133t-134t

preparation and fabrication techniques in, 138146

role of posts in, 135 treatment goals in, 131

treatment planning in, 131-138

existing, advantages and disadvantages of removing, 120b

retreatment and, 118-119, 118b, 119b

Restorative materials, existing, complications and, 3941

Retreatment, 96, 117-130 complications and, 43

coronal disassembly in, 119-120, 121b

filling, prognosis, and posttreatment responsibilities in, 129

planning, restoration, and consent in, 118-119 post removal in, 120-122, 123f

regaining access to apex in, 128

regaining access to chamber floor in, 119-120, 121b reinstrumentation, irrigation, debridement, and dis-

infection in, 128

removal of radicular filling material or obstructions in, 122-128

Retreatment-cont'd

removal system procedure clinical technique in, 122 success and failure in, 117, 118b

surgical, 129 Reversible pulpitis, 2, 9-10

Risk management and prevention, legal considerations and, 189

Rispisonic files, 92-93, 93f Roentgen, Wilhelm, 54

Root amputation and hemisection, 162-165, 162f Root end filling, endodontic surgery and, 156-162,

157f, 158f-159f

Root end resection, endodontic surgery and, 156-162, 157f, 158f-159f

Root fractures, 136f, 168f, 173-177, 174f-175f, 176f Root length, canal preparation and, 69

Root resection, root amputation and hemisection and, 163-165, 163f

Root surface, treatment of, healing and, 185 Root width, canal preparation and, 69 Root ZX, 60-61, 60f, 62

Rotary canal preparation, 79-89 nickel titanium files, 79-80 profile instruments, 80-88

Rotated and malpositioned teeth, complications and, 43 Round diamond burs, endodontic access and, 15, 15f RTLX, 58

Rubber dam, isolating tooth with, for thermal testing, 5, 5f

S

Saliva as storage medium for teeth, 185 Salt water, 162

Same Lingual Opposite Buccal (SLOB) rule, 55 Sargenti formulation paste, 104f

Save-A-Tooth emergency tooth-preserving system, 185, 185f

Schick CDR, 57 Schilder pluggers, 108f Schilder technique, 110 Sealers

ideal, properties of, 102b obturation and, 102-103, 102b overextension of, 101

Seamens Sidexis, 58 Second molars

mandibular, canal patterns in, 39, 40f, 41f maxillary, canal patterns in, 37, 37f, 38f

Sectional silver point device, 125

Selective anesthesia in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 8

Semilunar flap, endodontic surgery and, 155-156, 155f, 156f

Semisolids

canal filling materials and, 121b as core obturation materials, 103

204

Sens-A-Ray, 57 Sensitivity

in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 1 thermal, coronal fractures and, 168, 169f

Shaper files, 92-93, 93f

Shaping, canal preparation and, 67-74 Shaping files, 85

Silicone stops, 49, 50f Silver cones, 103f

with amalgam remnants, 126f removal of, 125-126, 125f, 126f

SLOB rule. See Same Lingual Opposite Buccal (SLOB) rule.

Slow-speed microsurgical handpiece, 152f

Smear layer, removal of, before obturation, 102-103 Sodium hypochlorite, 68, 124, 136

Solfy ZX, 62 Solids

canal filling materials and, 121b as core obturation materials, 103

Solvents

apical modification with, obturation and, 106, 106f, 107f

gutta-percha fillings and, 125 removal of paste fillings and, 124

Sonic handpiece, 92f

Sonics and ultrasonics in endodontics, 91-97 access refinement, 96

cavitation and acoustic microstreaming, 93-96 file design, 92-93

fractured instrument removal, 97 oscillation of ultrasonic files, 91-92 retreatment, 96

use of ultrasound in apical surgery, 97 Sono-Explorer, 60, 62

Spartan ultrasonic handpiece, 18f

Specificity in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 1

Spring-back, gutta-percha fillings and, 125

Staging, removal of silver cones and, 126-127, 126f Staining, dye, in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular

pathosis, 8, 8f

Stainless steel instruments, fractured, 97 Stainless steel posts, 135f

Standardized gutta-percha cones, 105, 105f State Board of Dental Examiners, 194 Steiglitz forceps, 96, 121, 121f, 126, 127

Step-back instrumentation, canal preparation and, 75f Step-back technique for canal preparation, 70-71, 70f,

71b, 71f, 72f

Step-down technique for canal preparation, 72 Stimulation, direct dentinal, in diagnosis of pulpal and

periradicular pathosis, 6, 6f

Stops

overextension and, 101f, 102 Silicone, 49, 50f

Index

Storage phosphor-based digital radiography, 58 Straight line access, canal preparation and, 75f Streaming, acoustic, 93-96, 94f

Stropko irrigator, 16, 152f Subluxation, 177, 179f Submarginal flap

endodontic surgery and, 155, 155f intrasulcular, 155f

Super EBA. See Super ethoxybenzoic acid (Super EBA).

Super ethoxybenzoic acid (Super EBA), 153f, 161 Suppurative apical periodontitis, chronic, 10

Sure-Stop silicone endodontic stop dispenser, 50f Surgery

apical, use of ultrasound in, 97 endodontic. See Endodontic surgery.

Surgical extrusion, crown root fractures and, 173 Surgical length burs, endodontic access and, 16 Surgical retreatment, 129

Surgicel, 161

SurgiLube, 142 Swelling

of buccal and lingual soft tissues, 7f

in buccal furcation area of mandible, 158f-159f System B, 13, 107, 110-111, 110f

T

Taper selection for root canal preparation based on canal size and shape, 85t

Tapered diamond burs, endodontic access and, 15-16, 16f

Teeth

anterior, endodontically treated, restoration of, 132-135

crowned, complications and, endodontic access and, 43, 44f, 45f

endodontically treated, restoration of. See Restoration of endodontically treated tooth.

endodontically treated. See Endodontically treated tooth.

inclined, complications and, endodontic access and, 42f, 43

normal, 9

posterior, endodontically treated, restoration of, 132-135

rotated and malpositioned, complications and, endodontic access and, 43

TempBond NE, 145

Test cavity in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 6, 6f

Testing

anesthetic, in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 8

diagnostic, in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 2-8

Index

205

Testing-cont'd

pulp. See Pulp testing.

thermal, in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 3-5, 3f, 4f, 5f

Thermafil, 13, 112-113, 112f

Thermal sensitivity, coronal fractures and, 168, 169f Thermal testing in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicu-

lar pathosis, 3-5, 3f, 4f, 5f

Thermoplasticized gutta-percha, injection of, 111-112, 111f

Titanium, nickel and. See Nickel titanium (NiTi) instruments.

Titanium posts, 127, 127b Titanium tips, ultra-slim, 95t Tooth. See Teeth.

Tooth Slooth, 6, 7f

Touch `N Heat, 107, 108, 109f

Transillumination in diagnosis of pulpal and periradicular pathosis, 8, 8f

Transmetal bur, 17f

Traumatic injuries to permanent dentition, 167-188 avulsion, 180-186

clinical examination in assessment of, 167 crown fractures, 168-171

crown root fractures, 171-173 documentation of, 168

history in assessment of, 167 luxation injuries, 177-180

radiographic examination in assessment of, 168 root fractures, 173-177

Treatment records, legal considerations and, 189-190 Tri Auto ZX, 62, 63f

Triangular intrasulcular flap, 154f, 155 Trophy RVG, 43, 58

Trophy RVGui, 43

Troughing cement around post, 121, 121f Tubliseal, 113

Twist-off silver point device, 125, 125f 269GK bur, 17f

U

Ultra-slim titanium tips, 95t Ultrasonic files

design of, 92-93, 93f oscillation of, 91-92, 91f, 92f

Ultrasonic tips, 122f, 152f

Ultrasonics

endodontic access and, 18, 18f

in nonsurgical root canal preparation, 95b post isolated using, 120f

sonics and. See Sonics and ultrasonics in endodontics. Ultrasound, use of, in apical surgery, 97 Uncomplicated access preparations, 21-37 Uncomplicated crown fractures, 168, 169f Underextension, injection of thermoplasticized gutta-

percha and, 111-112 Universal Hand Driver, 140, 141

Unroofing the chamber, endodontic access and, 14

V

Vacuum-formed polystyrene matrix, 145 Vertical root resection, 163f

Viaspan, 185

Viscostat, 161

Vision, endodontic access and, 20-21, 20f Visualix Vixa, 58

Voids, gutta-percha and, 106

W

Wach's Paste, 113

Walkhoff, Otto, 54 Walton's projection, 55

Warm lateral condensation, 106-108, 107f

Warm vertical condensation, 108-110, 108f, 109f, 110f Whaledent ParaPost drills, 140t

White dot connective tissue remnant, Mueller burs and, 16

White line connective tissue remnant, Mueller burs and, 16

Working length, 57f, 105-106 corrected, 56

definition of, 49

determination of. See Length determination. estimated, 56

Written informed consent. See Informed consent.

Z

Zap-and-tap technique, 107, 107f

Zinc oxide-eugenol sealers, 102

Zinc phosphate, 145, 146

Zipping, canal preparation and, 70

Zirconium oxide posts, 138-139

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