Сообщение на тему: "Petroleum (crude oils)"

Petroleum is the name of the mineral that comes from the ground and from which various fuels are obtained. It is the crude oil that comes from the wells. The word “petroleum” comes from the Latin word Petra, meaning rock, and Oleum, meaning oil.

Petroleum is а very complex mixture of hydrocarbons. It contains: paraffine hydrocarbons, some naphthenes and aromatic hydrocarbons. There are also compounds that contain oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen. The principle compounds in petroleum are paraffines, naphthenes, aromatic and asphaltic materials.

The nature of hydrocarbons depends on the origin of petroleum. Crude oils are brownish – green to black liquids. Crude oils contain many individual compounds: from light gases to heavy asphaltic materials. Petroleum as it comes from the ground is of little value.

Crude oil finds practical application when it is separated into fractions. The process of making crude oil into articles of commerce is cal1ed refining. The earliest method of refining was distillation. The value of petroleum depends on its gasoline, distillate-fuel and lubricating oil contents.

Words and word combinations

complex mixture – сложная смесь

paraffine hydrocarbons – углеводороды парафинового ряда

oxygen – кислород

sulphur – сера

nitrogen – азот

naphthenes – нафтены

origin – происхождение

light gas – легкий газ

practical application – практическое применение

to be of little value – не представлять большой ценности

refining – очистка

articles of commerce – товарный продукт

distillate-fuel – дистилятное топливо

lubricating oil – смазочное масло

to contain – содержать

compounds – соединения

to depend on – зависеть от

liquid – жидкость

heavy – тяжелый

value – ценность

to separate – разделять

content – содержание

Сообщение на тему: "The Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg"

The Orenburg gas chemical complex operates on the Orenburg gas condensate field. The production оf gas was begun in 1974. Gas from the Orenburg field contains: condensate, hydrogen sulfide and helium.

The Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" represent: production, transportation and processing of liquified gas, ethane, helium, sulphur, stable gas condensate and оthers. The Orenburg gas chemical complex is the biggest in Europe in processing hydrogen sulfide.

The Enterprise “Orenburggasprom was founded in 1968. "Gasprom production Orenburg" is а highly developed enterprise. It forms a part of Russian Joint-Stock company "Gasprom". In 1984 the Enterprise began an oil production and а processing of gas and unstable condensate.

The Enterprise fulfills industrial and civil construction, agricultural works, consumer goods production and economic activity. "Gasprom production Orenburg" is open for coopеration in a sphere of development of oil and gas industry. The Enterprise "Gasprom production Orenburg" works in close contact with many oil and gas producing and processing companies, different oil refineries, gas plants all over the world.