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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5672_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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394
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
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nicity , high permeability , minimal cytotoxicity, and excellent stability. Green
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tion. Biosensor and imaging systems using chemically and environmentally
and increasing survival rates. Overall, Au-NPs hold great promise in cancer
research, therapy, and diagnosis.
13.1 INTRODUCTION
process. Despite huge progress in cancer research gold nanoparticles
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able tumors can be surgically removed. Chemotherapeutic medications only
has a negative impact on healthy tissues that are in its path. Given the
research topic.
1
nanomaterials, that exhibit photonic, electrical, catalytic, and medicinal
2
NPs exhibit
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Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
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systems.
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M
higher absorption through receptor-mediated endocytosis, a longer circula-
imaging.
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spheres, nanorods, nanocubes, nanobranches, and nanobipyramids. On the
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13.2 METHODS FOR THE GOLD NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIS
techniques. In this method, tannic acid, citrate, and ascorbic acid are used as
mild reducing agents to decrease Au
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AuCl
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4
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Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
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by reducing gold salts using a potential reducing substance, such as sodium
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be changed.
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attention as an environmentally benign and green technique. In biological
Biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, or proteins
hydroxyl and carbonyl that can convert Au
using this technique.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
10,11
TABLE 13.1
Gold NPs.
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Plant/plant part Size of Au-NP
Magnolia kobus
5–300 nm
Diopyros kaki
5–300 nm
Prunus domestica
14–26 nm
Sapindas mukorossi
9–19 nm
Coleus amboinicus Lour.
9.05–31.95 nm
Abelmoschus esculentus
45–75 nm
Zingiber officinale
5–15 nm
Rosa hybrid
10 nm
Cicer arietinum
Nyctanthes arbortristis
19.8 nm
Gnidia glauca
50–150 nm
Cassia auriculata
15–25 nm
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13
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Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
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and biomedical research and demonstrated good catalytic, antimicrobial,
Verticillium sp. and Fusarium oxysporum
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Musa acuminata
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13.3 PASSIVE TARGETING STRATEGIES WITH AU-NPS
1. Nanometric size:
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
primary tumors in vivo.
2. Nanocarrier shape and elasticity: -
to last longer than tougher NPs (3000 kPa). Overall, the accumula-
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riers, and as a result, it must be tailored to each tumor type and stage
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3. Charge:
systems are removed quickly by the phagocyte system. So, it is
polymer chain evolves a mushroom-like spherical shape at this
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4. Tumor microvasculature:
3
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Role of Gold Nanoparticles as Novel Agents for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
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or damaged. Macromolecular medicines accumulate in cancerous
enhance the EPR and improve drug targeting to the malignant tissue,
several communicators have been studied.
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delivery vehicles have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administra-
system Doxil® (approved in 1995), the paclitaxel-albumin-based NP-delivery
system Abraxane® (approved in 2005), and the polymer Genexol-PM®
(approved in South Korea in 2007). micellar delivery vehicle.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
targets such as the nucleus and mitochondria, can be targeted by receptor-
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bodies, hormones, lectins, aptamers, and saccharides are among the ligands
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Nanorods demonstrate persistent
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13.4 APPLICATIONS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES (AU-NPS)
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1. Delivery vehicles (pharmaceutical drugs, gene, and protein delivery)
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a. Doxorubicin: Doxorubicin embedded in Au-NP, caused the
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Additionally , it
oxygen consumption, and the PPAR gamma 1-alpha expression.
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Forkhead box M1. Nontargeted cells and Chinese hamster ovary
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