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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5672_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
cytotoxicity. AuNPs are emerging as potential advantages to these problems
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technique that challenges the issues experienced by other optical imaging
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Furthermore, nano-
gold has been discovered to improve scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
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microscopic imaging.
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Immunoelectron microscopy is another important
immunoelectron microscopy studies.
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and biological aging.
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duced as a means to improve, reconstruct, maintain, and restore the natural
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Principal Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in the Biomedical Field
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118,119
Gold nanorods, in contrast to spherical AuNPs, have received little attention
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tion and cell adhesion are heavily reliant on the elasticity and elastic moduli
progression.
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AuNP inclusion may enhance electrical conductivity and
signal propagation in cell-to-cell interactions, especially in cardiovascular
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According to Li et al., 2020,
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into hydrogel enhanced the mechanical strength and electrical conductivity
constrained physical and chemical properties mediated nerve signals via
the conductive signals advanced by such nanocomposites. AuNP-polymer
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accrual can improve delivery, photothermal treatment, targeting, imaging,
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
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recombined AuNPs have varied applications, including skin
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nerve,
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and
myocardial tissues.
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a major impact on novel tissue development.
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Choi et al. investigated the
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131,132
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AuNPs have several
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Citrate-capped AuNPs
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rebuild.
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AuNPs
enhanced bioactivity.
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Principal Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in the Biomedical Field
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as antimicrobial resistance. As microbes evolve, bacterial resistance rate is
AuNPs are impacted by morphology, dimensions, coating, and concentra-
nanorods (GNRs) to eliminate bacteria.
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tant enterococci.
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Microbes consider Au as a rare and inert metal. Ionic Au
(Au
and Au
), on the contrary, has potent antimicrobial properties. Dasari
and colleagues discovered that ionic gold has antibacterial properties against
bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhiurium, and Staphylo-
coccus aureus.
140
E. coli, Gram-positive S. aureus
bacteria, C. albicans Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nonspherical
concentration (MBC) measurements.
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end that inhibits several multidrug-resistant bacteria. In another study, a
anti-S. aureus agent.
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S. aur eus than on P. aeruginosa and E. coli-
positive and gram-negative bacteria.
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AuNP is nontoxic to mammalian
yielded positive results.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
pathogenic bacterial species Plesiomonas shigelloides and Shigella exneri
B.
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Bagga et al. (2017).
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E. coli,
P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus, respectively. Murphin et al. used algae to
pathogens such as S. aureus and E. coli.
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and in vitro research demonstrating that AuNP thermosensitive gels have
properties.
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At a concentration
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Penicillium camemberti
Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes
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T. mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans,
and Microsporum gypseum
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C. albicans
Candida glabrata being minimum
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Wani and Ahmad carried out
C. albicans
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Principal Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in the Biomedical Field
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than polyhedral AuNPs Nidhin et al. 2019
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C. albicans
C. albicans.
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Aspergillus
niger and Aspergillus avus but inhibited C. albicans
Candida species. AuNPs
produced by Agaricus bisporus A. avus but
not against Aspergillus terreus
C. albicans
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species in phagocytic cells in a dose-dependent manner, implying that
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cemia, to avoid SAE, it might serve as an alternative treatment alongside
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to be inhibited by AuNPs.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
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in vitro using a mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, and in vivo using
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and acquired diseases caused by abnormal gene expression. It includes the
biological environment.
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Gene therapy has emerged as a viable treatment
possible
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In recent decades, inorganic nanoparticle, polymer, and lipid-
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AuNPs are the most commonly used MNPs in gene delivery and other
biomedical applications such as treatment and diagnostic vehicles. AuNPs
have been used in these applications because they are homogeneous, biore-
electronic structures, and tailorable magnetic, electronic properties. In addi-
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Principal Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in the Biomedical Field
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172–174
Particle
the early 1990s.
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Due to various physicochemical characteristics, AuNPs could be
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Mout et
He also designed the Cas9 protein to be negatively charged, arising in a
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Cas9En.
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alterations.
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Lee used clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic
repeats (CRISPR)-AuNPs as a bearer to deliver RNP to the brain, restoring
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antibodies like anti-eGFP and proteins such as pEGFP could be layered
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
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Shim et al. created an average
AuNPs and oligonucleotides.
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HeLa cells.
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For gene therapeutic strategies, small noncoding RNAs (siRNAs),
AuNPs are used.
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treatment.
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Zhang and colleagues developed gold nanoshells. As a result,
be used to carry tumor suppressor genes, oncogene-siRNA, and miRNA to
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9.6 CONCLUSION
as the most exciting among the numerous physicochemical and biological tech-
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KEYWORDS
• nanotechnology
• nanomaterials
• gold nanoparticles
• metal
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Principal Applications of Gold Nanoparticles in the Biomedical Field
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Colloidal Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. Nanostr. NanoObjects 2018, 16, 288–299.
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