Emerging research on traditional medications substantiates the claim that herbal products are efcient in a signicant number of diabetic individuals. The data reveals that more than 50% of the already marked pharmaceuticals are derived from herbal products extracted using herbal products [74]. The study developed a nanodelivery system for treating insulin resistance in type 2 DM. This system involved loading the oleanolic acid (OA) around the polygalacturonic acid (PGA) acting as a natural, building oneself. The resulting nano- based drug, called polygalacturonic acid- loaded olea­nolic acid (PGAOA), was designed for oral administration and showed biocompatibility with the body. Previous literature has demonstrated that PGAOA micelles loaded with OA have enhanced stability in traversing the gastrointestinal barriers and improved intestinal uptake of the drug. Additionally, these micelles exhibit exceptional ability to sustain plasma drug levels over an extended period. Therefore, nano- formulated PGAOA micelles in the rat model of type 2 DM were used. Furthermore, it was observed that this treatment had a lasting effect on controlling glucose levels regardless of drug was discontinued [75]. In Indonesia, fruits of Zanthoxylum acanthopdium and leaves of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa are widely found plants known for their antioxidant capabilities [76]. Elevated glucose levels in patients with DM impact the process of angiogenesis, hence inu­encing the time it takes for wounds to heal. The study utilized Andaliman and Haramonting phy­tonanomedicines to assess the histological alterations in wound healing caused by diabetes in the dermal tissue of rats, specically focusing on the broblast growth factor. The clinical investigation demonstrated that the process of epithelialization had entirely enveloped the epidermis, organized the robust basal membrane in an orderly manner, and resulted in rich collagen- connected tissue cov­ering the skin, hence increasing the abundance of broblast cells. The phytonanomedicines Andaliman and Haramonting stimulated cell proliferation in the damaged skin layer, leading to dif­ferentiation and the development of cells, ultimately facilitating the healing of the damaged tissues [77]. The silver nanoparticle methanolic extract from Costus pictus D. Don, generally known as the insulin plant, was used to treat diabetes. It effectively suppressed that α-glucosidase inhibitory action, impeding the degradation of sugars into glucose. Furthermore, it had a notable impact on DM in comparison to the acarbose drug [78]. A solid lipid nanoparticle based on the ame ower, which is scientically known as Talinum portulacifolium, exhibits a potent antidiabetic effect in comparison to T. portulacifolium treatment for diabetes by preventing abnormalities in the breakdown of lipids caused by high blood sugar levels, which leads to higher lipids and the development of hyperlipid­emia, ultimately resulting in cardiovascular disease [79]. The usefulness of curcumin (CUR) loaded poly(caprolactone) nanober carriers and CUR- loaded CSNPs coupled and constructed with collagen- alginate scaffolds has been demonstrated in the treatment of diabetic ulcers [80]. Additionally, these scaffolds have shown efcacy in promoting the healing of diabetic wounds and lowering inammation [81].