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Файл:Стилистические аспекты перевода русский и английский языки. Учебное пособие
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Г
гналАсь
гомеопАтия
гофрировАть
граждАнство
грошОвый
Д
давнИшний
дефИс
диалОг
диспансЕр
добелА
добралА
добралАсь
довезЁнный
дОверху
дОгмат
договОр
договорЁнность
дождалАсь
дозвонИтся
дозвонЯтся
дозИровать
докраснА
докумЕнт
долбИт
донЕльзя
дОнизу
досУг
дОсуха
дОсыта
дотрОнуться
дремОта
духовнИк
Е
евАнгелие
еретИк
Ж
жалюзИ, ср. р. и мн. ч.
ждалА
жилОсь
З
завИдно
завсегдАтай
зАгнутый
зАгодя
задОлго
закУпорив
закУпорить
зАнял
занялА
зАняло
занятА
зАнятый
запАдина
запертА
запломбировАть
зАсветло
заселЁн
зАтемно
звалА
звонИм
звонИт
звонИшь
зимОвщик
злОба
знАмение
знАчимость
знАчимый
зубчАтый
И
игУмен
идеОлог
иерОглиф
избалОванный
избаловАть
Издавна
издрЕвле
изобретЕние
изОгнутый
Иконопись
81

И
Иксы
импЕрский
инАче
инстИнкт
инсУльт
исключИт
Искоса
Искра знания и искрА зажигания
искривИться
Исстари
исчЕрпать
К
кАмбала
каталОг
каучУк
кАшлянуть
квартАл
кедрОвый
киломЕтр
кладовАя
клАла
клЕить
коклЮш
кОнусы, кОнусов
кормЯщий
корЫсть
крАлась
крАны
красИвее
красИвейший
кремЕнь
кренИтся
крепИтся
кровоточАщий
кровоточИть
кУхонный
Л
лЕкторы, лЕкторов, род. п. мн. ч.
лгалА
лилА
лилАсь
ловкА
ломОта
ломОть
лубОчный
лыжнЯ
М
магазИн
мАркЕтинг (допустимы оба ударения)
мастерскИ
медикамЕнты
мЕльком
мЕстностей, род. п. мн. ч.
метонИмия
мозаИчный
молОх
молЯщий
монолОг
мусоропровОд
мытАрство
Н
навЕрх
нАвзничь
навралА
наговОр
наделИт
надОлго
надорвалАсь
нажИвший
нажитА
назвалАсь
назлО
нАискось
накренИт
налИвший
налилА
налитА
намЕрение
нанЯвшийся
82

Н
наОтмашь
нарвалА
нарОст
насорИт
начАв
начАвший
начАвшись
нАчал
началА
нАчали
нАчатый
начАть
нЕдруг
недУг
незадОлго
некролОг
нЕнависть
ненадОлго
нЕнецкий
несказАнно
нефтепровОд
низведЁн
низИна
новоприбЫвший
новорождЁнный
нОвости, новостЕй
нОгтя, род. п. ед. ч.
О
обеспЕчение
обетовАнный
обзвонИт
облегчИт
облегчИть
облилАсь
обнаружЕние
обнялАсь
обогналА
ободралА
ободрЁн
ободренА
ободрЁнный
ободрИть
ободрИшься
обострЁнный
обострИть
объезднОй
одОбренный
одолжИт
ожилА
озвУчение
озлОбить
озлОбленный
ознакОмленный
оклЕить
окружИт
оперИться
опломбировАть
опОшлят
определЁн
оптОвый
освЕдомить
освЕдомиться, освЕдомишься
осведомлЁнный
остриЁ
осужденА
отбылА
отдАв
отдалА
отключЁнный
откУпорил
откУпорить
отозвалА
отозвалАсь
оторвалА
Отрочество
оценЁнный
П
партЕр
пАсквиль
патриАрхия
перезвонИт
83

П
перекрОенный
перелилА
переслАла
пЕтля
петлЯ
пиццерИя
платО
плЕсневеть
плодоносИть
пломбировАть
повторЁнный
повторИт
пОгнутый
поделЁнный
подзаголОвок
поднЯв
подОшва
подросткОвый
подчистУю
позвалА
позвонИт, позвонИшь
поИмка
поискОвый
полилА
положИл
положИть
полтергЕйст
понЯв
понЯвший
пОнял
понялА
портфЕль
пОручни
послАла
пОстриг
предвосхИтить
премировАть
прибЫв
прИбыл
прибылА
прИбыло
приговОр
придАное
призЫв
прИкус
принУдить
прИнял
прИняли
прИнятый
принЯть
приручЁнный
прогИб
прожИвший
прозорлИва
проторЁнный
процЕнт
псевдонИм
пулОвер
пургА
пУстошь
пУстынь
путепровОд
Р
рАджа
развитОй
ракУшка
рАпорт
рвалА
ревЕнь
рОвненько
рОзги
С
сабО
свЁкла
сверлИт
сверлИшь
сегмЕнт
сЕтчатый
сирОты
слИвовый
84

С
снялА
снятА
сОгнутый
создАвший
создАл
создалА
сОздало
созданА
созЫв
сорИт
сосредотОчение
срЕдства, им. п. мн. ч.
срЕдствами
стАтуя
стенА, мн. ч. – стЕны, в тв. п. – со
стенОй и со стЕнами
столЯр
Т
табУ
тАинство
тамОжня
танцОвщица
твОрОг (двойное ударение)
тигрОвый
толИка
тОртов
тОрты
тОтчас
тошнотА
трубопровОд
трУбчатый
тУфля
У
убралА
убыстрИть
углубИть
уговОр
узаконЕние
украИнский
укрепИт
умЕрший
упрОчение
Ф
факсИмиле
феномЕн (выдающийся человек)
фенОмен (необычное явление)
фетИш
флюорогрАфия
Х
ходАтайство
Ц
цемЕнт
цЕнтнер
цепОчка
Ч
чЕрпать
чИстильщик
Ш
шАрфы
шофЁр
Щ
щавЕль
щЁлкать
щемИт
щИколотка
Э
Экскурс
экспЕрт
электропрОвод (а то, что проводит
какое-либо вещество – провОд)
Я
языкОвая колбаса
языковАя система
85

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 2
Alliteration
Alliteration refers to the recurrence of initial consonant sounds.
The phrase “rubber baby buggy bumpers” is one example you
might remember from your childhood. Alliteration is often associated with tongue twisters for kids, but brand names commonly use
this technique too, such as American Apparel, Best Buy, and
Krispy Kreme.
Allusion
Allusion is a reference to an event, place, or person. For example,
you might say, “I can’t get changed that quickly, I’m not Super-
man!” Referring to something well known allows the writer to
make a point without elaborating in great detail.
Amplification
Amplification repeats a word or expression for emphasis, often using additional adjectives to clarify the meaning. “Love, real love,
takes time” is an example of amplification because the author is
using the phrase “real love” to distinguish his feelings from love
that is mere infatuation.
Analogy
An analogy explains one thing in terms of another to highlight the
ways in which they are alike. “He’s as flaky as a snowstorm”
would be one example of an analogy. Analogies that are very well
known sometimes fall into the categories of idioms or figures of
speech.
Anaphora
Anaphora repeats a word or phrase in successive phrases. “If you
prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh?” is an
example from Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice. The use of
anaphora creates parallelism and rhythm, which is why this technique is often associated with music and poetry. However, any
form of written work can benefit from this rhetorical device.
Antanagoge
Antanagoge places a criticism and a compliment together to lessen
the impact. “The car is not pretty, but it runs great” would be one
example, because you’re referring to the vehicle’s good performance as a reason to excuse its unattractive appearance.
Antiphrasis
Antiphrasis uses a word with an opposite meaning for ironic or
humorous effect. “We named our chihuahua Goliath” is an example because a chihuahua is a very small dog and Goliath is a giant
warrior from the famous Bible story.
EXAMPLES OF RHETORICAL DEVICES
86

Antithesis
Antithesis makes a connection between two things. Neil Armstrong said, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for
mankind.” This pairs the idea of one man’s individual action with
the greater implication for humanity as a whole.
Appositive
An appositive places a noun or noun phrase next to another noun
for descriptive purposes. An example would be, “Mary, queen of
this land, hosted the ball.” In this phrase, “queen of this land” is
the appositive noun that describes Mary’s role.
Enumeratio
Enumeratio makes a point with details. For example, saying “The
hotel renovation, including a new spa, tennis court, pool, and
lounge, is finally complete” uses specific details to describe how
large the renovation was.
Epanalepsis
Epanalepsis repeats something from the beginning of a clause or
sentence at the end. Consider the Walmart slogan, “Always Low
Prices. Always.” The repeated words act as bookends, driving the
point home.
Epithet
An epithet is a descriptive word or phrase expressing a quality of
the person or thing, such as calling King Richard I “Richard the
Lionheart.” Contemporary usage often denotes an abusive or de-
rogatory term describing race, gender, sexual orientation, or other
characteristics of a minority group.
Epizeuxis
Epizeuxis repeats one word for emphasis. A child who says, “The
amusement park was fun, fun, fun” is using epizeuxis to convey
what a wonderful time he had at the park.
Hyperbole
Hyperbole refers to an exaggeration. Saying “I have done this a
thousand times” to indicate that you’re very familiar with a task is
an example of hyperbole because it is unlikely you’ve really performed the task a thousand times.
Litotes
Litotes make an understatement by using a negative to emphasize a
positive. In this rhetorical device, a double negative is often used
for effect. So saying someone is “not a bad singer” actually means
you enjoyed hearing them sing.
Metanoia
Metanoia corrects or qualifies a statement. “You are the most
beautiful woman in this town, nay the entire world” is an example
of metanoia because the speaker is further clarifying the extent of
the woman’s beauty.
87

Metaphor
A metaphor is a type of implied comparison that compares two
things by stating one is the other. “Your eyes are the windows of
your soul” means you “see” someone’s emotional state by looking
into their expressive eyes – eyes are not literally windows.
Metonymy
Metonymy is a type of metaphor where something being compared
is referred to by something closely associated with it. For example,
writers often refer to the “power of the pen” to convey the idea that
the written word can inspire, educate, and inform. A pen has no
power as an inanimate object, but the writer’s words can reach a
broad audience.
Onomatopoeia
Onomatopoeia refers to words that imitate the sound they describe,
such as “plunk”, “whiz”, or “pop”. This type of figurative language is often used in poetry because it conveys specific images to
the reader based on universal experiences. We are all familiar with
the “squeal” of tires as a vehicle stops abruptly or the “jingle” of
car keys in your pocket.
Oxymoron
An oxymoron creates a two-word paradox – such as “near miss” or
“seriously funny.” An oxymoron is sometimes called a contradic-
tion in terms and is most often used for dramatic effect.
Parallelism
Parallelism uses words or phrases with a similar structure. “Like
father, like son” is an example of a popular phrase demonstrating
parallelism. This technique creates symmetry and balance in your
writing.
Simile
A simile directly compares one object to another. “He smokes like
a chimney” is one example. Similes are often confused with metaphors, but the main difference is that a simile uses “like” or “as” to
make a comparison and a metaphor simply states the comparison.
Understatement
An understatement makes an idea less important than it really is.
“The hurricane disrupted traffic a little” would be an understatement because hurricanes cause millions of dollars in damage and
can lead to injuries or fatalities.
88

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ 3
Introduction
1. Welcoming your audience
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen
Good morning, gentlemen
Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman
Good afternoon, everybody
2. Introducing your subject
I am going to talk today about...
The purpose of my presentation is to introduce our new range of...
3. Outlining your structure
To start with I’ll describe the progress made this year. Then I’ll mention
some of the problems we’ve encountered and how we overcame them.
After that I’ll consider the possibilities for further growth next year. Finally, I’ll summarize my presentation (before concluding with some
recommendations).
4. Giving instructions about questions
Do feel free to interrupt me if you have any questions.
I’ll try to answer all of your questions after the presentation.
I plan to keep some time for questions after the presentation.
Main part
(Body)
1. Introducing the subject
I’d like to start by...
Let’s begin by...
First of all, I’ll...
Starting with...
I’ll begin by...
2. Finishing one subject...
Well, I’ve told you about...
We’ve looked at...
That’s all I have to say about...
So much for...
PHRASES FOR PRESENTATIONS
89

Main part
(Body)
3. ...and starting another
Now we’ll move on to...
Let me turn now to...
Next...
Turning to...
I’d like now to discuss...
Let’s look now at...
4. Analyzing a point and giving recommendations
Where does that lead us?
Let’s consider this in more detail...
What does this mean for ABC?
Translated into real terms...
5. Giving an example
For example, ...
A good example of this is...
As an illustration, ...
To give you an example, ...
To illustrate this point...
6. Dealing with questions
We’ll be examining this point in more detail later on...
I’d like to deal with this question later, if I may...
I’ll come back to this question later in my talk...
Perhaps you’d like to raise this point at the end...
I won’t comment on this now...
7. Summarizing and concluding
In conclusion, ...
Right, let’s sum up, shall we?
I’d like now to recap...
Let’s summarise briefly what we’ve looked at...
Finally, let me remind you of some of the issues we’ve covered...
If I can just sum up the main points...
8. Ordering
Firstly...secondly...thirdly...lastly...
First of all...then...next...after that...finally...
To start with...later...to finish up...
90
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