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Файл:Английский язык для курсантов морских колледжей = English for Marine Cadets. Практикум для СПО
.pdf
21
Now it’s three minutes to nine. We are preparing for the lesson. Some cadets
are looking through their notes, others are revising grammar rules. We are waiting for
our teacher.
At nine o’clock sharp the teacher comes into the classroom and the lesson
begins. While we are opening our note-books, the teacher is telling us about today’s
test. We are listening to the teacher very attentively. Suddenly we hear the knock at
the door and Nick Novikov enters the classroom. He is late for the lesson because his
watch is slow. He is really sorry for being late. The teacher tells him to take his seat
and get ready for the test.
9. Find English equivalents to the Russian phrases.
международный морской язык
многонациональный экипаж
береговая станция
навигационный справочник
овладеть языком
упорно работать над чем-то
переводить с английского на русский
обсуждать различные проблемы
просматривать записи
повторять правила
стук в дверь
10. Make up sentences about what the cadets are doing at the English
lesson now.
we
Alex
our cadets
I
my friend
Nick Novikov
Mike and Nick
am
is
are
having an English lesson.
retelling the text.
writing a dictation
learning new words
doing exercises
listening to the teacher
translating sentences
listening to the recording
watching a film in English
discussing an interesting problem
asking and answering questions
reading an article
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11. Ask questions to the underlined words.
1. The cadets of our group are having an English lesson now.
_______________________________________________________________
2. They have two English lessons a week.
_______________________________________________________________
3. He is speaking to the teacher.
_______________________________________________________________
4. He usually travels by bus to college.
_______________________________________________________________
5. He is going to write a test in grammar.
_______________________________________________________________
12. Answer the questions and make up a story.
1. What language is an international maritime language?
2. Where do seamen of all countries speak English?
3. Why is it important for seamen to know English?
4. Do you speak English well or badly?
5. Are you learning it now?
6. How many English lessons do you have a week?
7. Is it enough to master the language?
8. What do you do at the lessons?
9. Are the lessons interesting?
10. Is it easy or difficult to master English?
11. What do you do to master your English after classes?
23
UNIT III.
MY BIOGRAPHY.
THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE
УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ
Past Simple употребляется для выражения:
- действий, произошедших в прошлом, когда нам известно когда, а часто
и где эти действия произошли
He graduated from the college in 2019.
- повторяющихся действий в прошлом
We usually helped our mother about the house.
- действий, следовавших в прошлом одно за другим
First, I defined the ship’s position. Then, I plotted her route on the chart.
Следующие обстоятельства времени типичны для Past Simple:
yesterday
вчера
the day before yesterday
позавчера
last week (year, month, Monday)
на прошлой неделе (в прошлом году, месяце,
в прошлый понедельник)
last night
вчера вечером
some hours (minutes, days) ago
несколько часов (минут, дней) назад
long ago
давным-давно
the other day
на днях (о прошлом)
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
Правильные глаголы образуют форму Past Simple по общему правилу —
путём добавления окончания -ed, которое произносится как:
[d] после звонких согласных и гласных: define- defined-[defaind]
[t] после глухих согласных: help- helped [helpt]
[id] после t и d: plot- plotted [plotid] (в односложных глаголах конечная
согласная, как правило, удваивается):
I defined the ship’s position.
I plotted her route on the chart.
We helped our mother about the house.
24
Формы Past Simple для неправильных глаголов даются в таблицах и
словарях и их нужно запоминать.
I learnt to navigate the ship.
I made entries into the log-book.
I went to school at the age of seven.
Для образования отрицательной формы используется didn’t (did not) для
всех лиц и чисел и инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to:
I didn’n clean the deck yesterday.
Для образования вопросительной формы вспомогательный глагол did
выносится перед подлежащим:
Did you advise me to become a seaman? When did you graduate from the
college?
В вопросе к подлежащему вспомогательный глагол не используется, а
сказуемое употребляется сразу в форме Past Simple:
Who advised you to become a seaman?
Глагол to be в Past Simple имеет 2 формы — was для единственного числа
и were для множественного числа.
Если сказуемое выражено глаголом to be, то вопросительная и
отрицательная форма образуется без вспомогательного глагола did.
I was good at English.
They were not (weren’t) born in Murmansk.
Were you on board ship?
Глагол to have в Past Simple имеет оду форму had для всех лиц и чисел и
может образовывать вопросительную и отрицательную формы как с
вспомогательным глаголом did, так и без него.
They had some ropes on deck.
Had they (did they have) any ropes on deck?
They hadn’t (didn’t have) any ropes on deck.
Примечание: если глагол to have используется не в значении «иметь», а
входит в состав устойчивых выражений типа to have breakfast, to have lunch, to
have a rest, to have free time, то в вопросительных и отрицательных
предложениях следует употреблять вспомогательный глагол did.
They didn’t have a rest last summer.
Did you have lunch at 12 o’clock yesterday?
25
1. Write the past simple form of the verbs. Do you know their meanings?
check
repair
board
talk
clean
load
look
steer
start
dock
carry
paint
like
occur
hate
work
define
attend
wash
advise
plot
2. Make up sentences in the Past Simple using the verbs above and
adverbs of time.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
3. Read the report of the m/v Transitor and complete the sentences. Use
the Past Simple form of the verbs in the box.
Load, unload, damage, sail, repair, load, arrive, continue, carry, stop
Last September the m/v Transitor _________ from Japan to the Philippines.
It _______ three times: at Shanghai, Chi-Lung and Manila. The vessel ________
ballast from Nagasaki to Shanghai. At Shanghai the crew _________ 10,000 tons
of rice. On 18 September a tropical storm _______________ part of the ship so a
fitter ___________a life-raft at Chi-Lung. The ship __________ 286 containers of
electrical goods and 400 cars. The vessel ________ to Manila and ___________
at 12-00 on 22 September. In Manila the ship _________ 6 000 tones of rice and
286 containers of electrical goods.
26
4. Write down and learn by heart three forms of the irregular verbs with
the translation:
Infinitive
Past Simple
Participle II
Translation
be begin
become
blow
break
bring
build
burn
burst
buy
catch
come
choose
cut
deal
do drink
drive
eat fall feel
find
forget
get
give
go grow
have
hear
hide
hit hold
hurt
keep
know
lead
learn
27
Infinitive
Past Simple
Participle II
Translation
leave
let light
lose
make
mean
meet
pay
put read
run say see send
show
sink
sit sleep
speak
swim
take
teach
tell think
throw
wear
win
write
5. Complete the sentences. Use the verbs in the negative form.
1. He didn’t shout for help. (shout)
2. He _____________ the incident immediately. (report)
3. The fire ________________ in the engine room. (start)
4. The water in the hold _____________________ the cargo. (damage)
5. The chemical containers were near the fire but they ___________ (explode)
28
6. Complete the questions.
1. Did you see the fire? Yes, I saw the fire.
2. the fire immediately? Yes, I reported the fire immediately.
3. the fire? Yes, I extinguished the fire.
4. ___________________ at 18-00?
No, the accident happened at 17-00.
5. Why ?
The hose burst as the pressure was too high.
6. What ?
The storm damaged the lifeboat.
7. What time ?
He started his watch at 08-00.
8. How ?
They travelled by passenger ship.
7. Read the dialogue. Complete the report form. Role-play the dialogue.
Captain: May I speak to you for a moment, cook?
Cook: Of course. What is it, Sir?
Captain: It’s about the fire in the galley yesterday. I am going to write a report
form and I need to check the details with you.
Cook: Fine.
Captain: What time did the fire start?
Cook: Around 17-00, Sir.
Captain: And what happened exactly?
Cook: well, I forgot to turn off the stove. I went out of the galley for a minute
and when I came back, the frying pan was on fire.
Captain: That’s very dangerous! What did you do?
Cook: I took the nearest fire blanket and extinguished the fire.
Captain: was anyone injured?
Cook: No.
Captain: Well. I’m glad. Was there any damage?
Cook: The frying pan was damaged, nothing else. Captain: It’s lucky that you
controlled the fire so quickly.
Cook: Yes, Sir. There’s nothing to warry about. It was only a minor accident.
Captain: But minor accident can quickly become a major accident. Please, be
more careful in future.
29
Report Form
Type of accident
Location
Time
Cause
The cook forgot to turn off the stove.
Crewmembers involved
Actions
Safety equipment used
He extinguished the fire with the fire blanket.
Injures
Damage
Risk classification
Serious / Moderate / Minor/
8. Listen to the seafarers describing their voyages. Complete the table.
Name of vessel
Type of vessel
Route
Cargo
Incident
m/v Fulmar Wave
oil tanker
crude oil
m/v Milamar
Suez Canal
pirates on board
m/v Cold Star
refrigerator vessel
fruit
9. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?
1. The Fulmar Wave sailed between Europe and South America.
2. In the US the Fulmar wave unloaded crude oil.
3. The AB on the Milamar checked the charts.
4. The Milamar carried over 50,000 cars from Italy to Dubai.
5. The Cold star sailed in the South Pacific.
6. The Cold star had a full cargo of bananas and cotton.
10. Complete the sentences with the correct verb in the Past Simple.
Burst, be, lose, take, hit, catch
1. There an incident at sea last month.
2. A hose and some oil leaked on deck.
3. The A B the helm while I checked the charts.
4. The ratings the pirates on board the vessel.
5. A bad storm us in the South Atlantic.
6. Because of the weather we__________ a lot of the cargo.
30
11. Ask questions to the sentences.
1. The cargo ship entered the port yesterday.
Did ___________________________________________________________?
What ship ______________________________________________________?
What __________________________________________________________?
When _________________________________________________________?
2. He was good at tennis at the age of 17.
Was __________________________________________________________?
What _________________________________________________________?
Who __________________________________________________________?
When _________________________________________________________?
3. Last September the m/v Pobeda sailed from Japan to the Philippines
Did ___________________________________________________________?
What __________________________________________________________?
What vessel ____________________________________________________?
When _________________________________________________________?
Where _______________________________________________________to?
Where _____________________________________________________from?
4. The cadet went to the port 4 hours ago.
Did ___________________________________________________________?
Who __________________________________________________________?
When _________________________________________________________?
Where _______________________________________________________to?
5. The m/v Victoria carried 286 containers on the deck.
Did ___________________________________________________________?
What __________________________________________________________?
What vessel ____________________________________________________?
How many _____________________________________________________?
Where _________________________________________________________?
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