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Файл:Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции. Учебное пособие
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ВЛАДИМИРСКИЙ
ФИЛИАЛ
Е. В. Вульфович, С. П. Фокина
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
В СФЕРЕ ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ
Учебное пособие
Владимир 2014
УДК 811.547
ББК 74.4+ 81.2
ISBN 978-5-906051-81-3
ББК 74.4+ 81.2 Англ-923
В 88
В. Т. Малыгин, доктор филологических наук
Н. Д. Якушева, кандидат педагогических наук
Рецензенты:
В 88
Вульфович Е.В.; Фокина С.П.
Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции: учебное
пособие / Е. В. Вульфович, С. П. Фокина; Владимирский
филиал федерального государственного бюджетного
образовательного учреждения высшего профессионального образования "Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации" – Владимир, 2014. –
99 с. – Библиогр.: с. 77.
Содержит комплекс интерактивных заданий для
формирования профессиональной коммуникативной
компетенции. Направлено на активизацию иноязычной профессионально ориентированной лексики в
коммуникативных ситуациях.
Предназначено для обучающихся по специальности «Юриспруденция».
ISBN 978-5-906051-81-3 УДК 811.11
© Владимирский филиал РАНХиГС, 2014
© Вульфович Е. В., 2014
© Фокина С. П. , 2014
3
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА ....................................................................... 4
UNIT 1. LAW AND SOCIETY ........................................................................... 5
UNIT 2. HUMAN RIGHTS ............................................................................. 11
UNIT 3. THE STATE SYSTEM OF RUSSIA ...................................................... 22
UNIT 4. THE COURT SYSTEM OF RUSSIA .................................................... 25
UNIT 5. THE STATE SYSTEM OF GREAT BRITAIN ........................................ 40
UNIT 6. THE STATE SYSTEM OF THE USA ................................................... 44
UNIT 7. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT ............................................................. 47
UNIT 8. LEGAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD ................................ 55
UNIT 9. MY FUTURE PROFESSION .............................................................. 60
UNIT 10. LAW ENFORCEMENT IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD ........................... 69
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 78
VOCABULARY .............................................................................................. 80
4
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА
Настоящее пособие содержит комплекс интерактивных
заданий для формирования англоязычной профессиональной
коммуникативной компетенции студентов юридического профиля.
Пособие направлено на активизацию профессиональной
англоязычной лексики и развитие навыков профессионального
общения с применением метода кейсов, ролевой игры, мозгового штурма, тематических дискуссий и проектов.
В пособие включено 10 тематических разделов по юридической проблематике, а также краткий терминологический
словарь. Каждый из разделов подразумевает два этапа: подготовительный и основной.
Подготовительный этап включает совместную работу педагога и учебной группы, в рамках которой обсуждаются цели,
задачи занятия, выполняются тренировочные лексикограмматические упражнения, необходимые для активизации
новой лексики в моделируемых коммуникативных ситуациях в
ходе основного этапа. Лексико-грамматические упражнения
состоят из заданий на множественный выбор, восстановление
в тексте пропущенных слов, комбинирование, установление
соответствий приведенных утверждений прочитанному или
прослушанному, трансформацию и перевод.
Основной этап предполагает объединение обучающихся
в творческие группы для реализации поставленной коммуникативной задачи.
Материалы пособия могут быть использованы как в ходе
аудиторных занятий, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов с целью развития навыков профессиональной коммуникации.
5
UNIT 1. LAW AND SOCIETY
2. to violate law
3. to observe law
4. to apply law
5. to amend law
6. to enforce law
1. environmental law
2. employment law
3. contract law
a) исполнительное право
b) прецедентное право
c) жилищное право
VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Read the following words and expressions.
Translate them into Russian.
A. law, legal, civil law, criminal law, public law, constitu-
tional law, financial law, employment law, contract law, common law, inheritance law.
B. to observe law, to violate law, to enforce law, to keep
within law, to apply law, to amend law.
Exercise 2. Match the word combinations with their Rus-
sian equivalents.
Exercise 3. Match the word combinations with their Rus-
sian equivalents.
6
4. copyright law
5. housing law
6. common law
7. case law
8. inheritance law
9. executive law
d) нормы по охране
окружающей среды
e) общее право
f) авторское право
g) наследственное право
h) трудовое право
j) договорное право
Criminal law regulates
International law regulates
Financial law deals with
Property law governs
Intellectual property law aims
at
Constitutional law concerns
Family law covers
1. social structure, organization of state power and the
legal status of citizens. Its
principal source is the country’s Constitution.
2. the budget, taxation, state
credits, and other spheres of
financial activity.
3. the relations between the
state and individual people
and bodies. It defines the
general principles of criminal
responsibility, individual
types of crimes and punishment applied to criminals.
Exercise 4. Match the legal terms with their definitions.
7
4. disputes between citizens
and the state, or between
one state and another.
5. ownership and possession.
6. safeguarding creators and
other producers of intellectual goods and services.
7. marriage and divorce pro-
ceedings, the rights of children and rights to property
and money in the event of
separation.
1. custom and precedents 2. advice 3. codes 4. legislators
5. changed
Exercise 5. Fill in the gaps with the words and word com-
binations from the box.
Systems of common law and civil law also differ in how
law is created and how it can be 1_____. Common law is derived from 2_____. In the common law system, the precedent is
itself law. Therefore, the judges who decide which party will
prevail in any given trial are also the creators of common law.
Civil law, on the other hand, is made by 3_____ who try to supplement and memorize the 4_____, usually with the 5_____ of
legal scholars.
READING
Exercise 6. Read and translate the text.
8
What is Law?
Law is, generally, a system of rules which are enforced
through social institutions to govern behaviour. Laws can be
made by legislatures through legislation (resulting in statutes),
the executive through decrees and regulations, or judges
through binding precedents (normally in common
law jurisdictions). Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including (in some jurisdictions) arbitration
agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to
the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may
be influenced by a constitution (written or unwritten) and
the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics,
and society in various ways and serves as a regulator of relations
between people.
The adjudication of the law is generally divided into two
main areas referred to as criminal law and civil law. Criminal
law deals with conduct that is considered harmful to social order and in which the guilty party may be imprisoned or
fined. Civil law deals with the resolution of lawsuits (disputes)
between individuals or organisations.
There are many different branches of law including corporate law, property and taxation law through to media, environmental health and international law. All types of law have farreaching effects and help to shape politics, economics and society in numerous ways. Law serves a variety of functions. Laws limiting the powers of government help to provide some degree of
freedom that would not otherwise be possible. Laws regulate
social relations in the society.
Law provides a rich source of scholarly inquiry into legal
history, philosophy, economic analysis and sociology. Law also
raises important and complex issues concerning equality, fairness, and justice. There is an old saying that “all are equal before
the law”.
9
Exercise 7. Answer the questions:
“It is forbidden to kill; therefore all murderers are punished unless they
kill in large numbers and to the sound of trumpets.”
― Voltaire
“The Law is hard, but it is the Law.”
― Cassandra Clare
“If you have ten thousand regulations you destroy all respect for the
law.”
― Winston S. Churchill
“The more corrupt the state, the more numerous the laws.”
― Tacitus, The Annals of Imperial Rome
1. What is law?
2. Who makes law in modern society?
3. What is the highest legislative body in Russia?
4. What are the sources of law?
5. What are the functions of law?
6. What fields of law do you know? Which of them do you
specialize in?
SPEAKING
Exercise 8. Comment on the following quotations.
Exercise 9. Discuss the following questions.
1. What does the term “common law” mean?
2. In what countries does common law system prevail?
10
3. What is a president?
4. What branches of law do you know?
5. What is the difference between civil and criminal law?
6. Do you think that the Russian Federation is a jural
state?
7. What rights and liberties are guaranteed by the Consti-
tution of the Russian Federation?
8. Are there any laws or regulations in Russia that you
consi-der wrong or unfair?
9. Why do people violate laws? What are the main rea-
sons?
10. Why are new laws needed?
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