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Файл:Английский язык в сфере юриспруденции. Учебное пособие
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Parliament in the UK consists of two (1) ___ : the House of
Commons and the House of Lords. In the House of Commons
there are 650 (2) ___, each representing one (3) ___. The ruling
party in the Commons is the one which gains a (4) ___ of seats.
The main figure in that party is called the (5) ___. The Commons
is elected for a maximum period of 5 years although the Prime
Minister may call a general (6) ____ at any time within that period.
Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps with the words below.
The State Duma, elected, makes laws, the Council of Federation, representative, approval, the Federal Assembly, decisions, the Prime Minister, Parliament, the House of Lords, presidential republic, appoints, the House of Commons, the Chairman of the Government, judicial, parliamentary monarchy, the
Supreme Court.
Let’s compare the political systems of two countries: Great
Britain and Russia. Great Britain is a (1) ____ that means that the
Queen is the official head of state but she has mostly (2) ____
functions. That is although she gives the royal (3) ___ to the bills
passed by the British Parliament, she doesn’t have any real power, so she can’t make her own political (4) ____. The head of
Government in the UK is the (5) ____. The legislative branch of
power is represented by the (6) ____ which consists of two
chambers (7) ____ and (8) ____.
As for the state system of the Russian Federation it is a (9)
____. The head of state is the President (10) ____ by the people.
The President (11) ____ the (12) ____ whose appointment must
be approved by the State Duma and the Council of Federation,
the two chambers of (13) ____. (14) ____ is the lower chamber.
Its members are elected every 4 years. (15) ____ is the upper
chamber of the Federal Assembly, and it consists of two representatives from each federal subject. The Federal Assembly (16)
____, so it represents the legislative branch of power. The (17)
42
____ branch of power is represented by (18) ____ and the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.
SPEAKING
Exercise 5. Complete and roleplay the dialogue.
Speaker 1. As far as I know, Great Britain is a monarchy,
isn’t it?
Speaker 2. Yes, but to be more exact, the United Kingdom
is……..
The Queen’s power is not absolute.
Speaker 1. Do you mean that her powers are limited?
Speaker 2. ….
Speaker 1. What are the real organs of government in the
UK?
Speaker 2. ….
Speaker 1. ….
Speaker 2. The House of Commons is elected every 5 years.
The membership in the House of Lords is hereditary.
Speaker 1. Tell me, please, about the executive branch?
Speaker 2. The highest executive body is ….
Speaker 1. Is the Prime Minister appointed?
Speaker 2. Yes, he is. The Prime Minister is usually the
leader of the party which has a majority in the House of Commons.
Speaker 1. And where is the residence of the Prime Minis-
ter located?
Speaker 2. The residence of the Prime Minister is located in
London, 10 Downing Street.
Speaker 1. ….
Speaker 2. The judicial power is represented by courts with
the House of Lords at the top.
Speaker 1. Thanks a lot for information.
43
Speaker 2. You are welcome.
Exercise 6. Try this political quiz.
1. Name three monarchs of the UK.
2. Who is the Queen of Great Britain?
3. Name three members of the Royal Family?
4. What is the surname of the British Royal Family?
5. Who will be the next King?
6. What are the main official duties of the Queen?
7. Why does the British national anthem begin with the
words: «God save our gracious Queen»?
8. What are the main political parties in the UK?
9. Who is the most known political figure in the UK?
10. Who heads the Government in the UK?
44
Executive power
Legislative power
Judicial power
UNIT 6. THE STATE SYSTEM OF THE USA
VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Read the words below and put them in the cor-
rect place in the box.
The US Congress, the House of Representatives, courts of
appeals, the Vice President, the President, the Senate, the Cabinet, Federal district courts, the Supreme Court.
Exercise 2. Close your book. How many words can you remember from each column in exercise 1?
Exercise 3. To become a citizen of the United States of
America a person must pass the Naturalization exam. This exam
consists of a civics portion to test understanding of the American
history, society and civics as well as an English language test
which shows that a person is able to speak, read and write English. The civics part tests knowledge and understanding of the
government of the U.S. Answer the questions of the Naturalization civics test.
1. What is the supreme law of the USA?
2. Name branches of the US government.
3. Who is in charge of the executive branch?
4. How is the legislative branch organized?
5. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?
6. How is the judicial branch organized?
7. What are the two major political parties in the United
States?
45
Exercise 4. Translate the sentences into English.
1. По конституции США федеральное правительство
включает три ветви власти: исполнительную, законодательную, судебную.
2. Президент избирается каждые четыре года и воз-
главляет исполнительную власть.
3. Президент предлагает законопроекты в Конгресс, за-
ключает договоры, назначает федеральных судей.
4. Законодательная власть представлена Конгрессом
США, который состоит из Сената и Палаты представителей.
5. Судебная власть принадлежит федеральным судам и
судам штатов.
6. Первые 10 поправок конституции – Билль о Правах –
гарантирует индивидуальные свободы: свободу слова, религии и собраний, право на справедливый суд и безопасность
жилища.
SPEAKING
Exercise 5. Speak on the US State System.
ROLEPLAY
Exercise 6. You can see the dialogue between the examiner
and the naturalization applicant below. Study the applicant’s answers and complete the examiner’s questions.
Examiner: …?
Applicant: The supreme law of the USA is the Constitution.
Examiner:…?
Applicant: There are 3 branches – legislative, judicial and
executive.
Examiner: …?
46
Examiner
Applicant
Let’s begin our exam.
Tell me, please, about ….
That’s enough.
Don’t worry.
Focus on the problem.
Thank you. You have (not)
passed the exam.
Repeat your question, please.
Could you say that again, please?
I’m sorry. I don’t understand.
Did you say ...?
Are you asking about …?
You see….
In fact ….
Let me think ….
It’s a difficult question.
Applicant: The executive power is represented by the US
President, the Vice President and the Cabinet.
Examiner: …?
Applicant: The legislative branch is represented by the
Congress.
Examiner: …?
Applicant: The Congress consists of two chambers – The
Senate and the House of Representatives.
Examiner: …?
Applicant: The judicial branch is represented by Federal
district courts, courts of appeals and the Supreme Court.
Examiner: …?
Applicant: There are two main parties – the Democrats and
the Republicans.
Exercise 7. Roleplay the dialogue between the examiner
and the naturalization applicant from the very beginning. Follow
the plan. Use the phrases from the box. Mention the names of
the current US President and Vice President.
1. Form of Government
2. The legislative power
3. The executive power
4. The judicial power
5. Parties
47
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
A. stealing things from a bank
etc., especially using violence.
B. stealing things from shops
by hiding them in the bag or
under the clothes.
C. stealing money or things
from the place where you
work.
D. practice of getting money
from people or making them
do what you want by threatening to tell secrets about them.
E. driving faster than the legal
limit.
F. illegally getting money from
someone, often by using clever and complicated methods.
J. deliberately killing someone.
UNIT 7. CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
VOCABULARY
Exercise 1. Read the following legal terms and word ex-
pressions. Translate them into Russian.
A. to commit a crime, to commit an act of terrorism, to
prevent crime, to investigate a crime, to solve a crime.
B. offence, felony, misdemeanor, murder, manslaughter,
assassination, assault, rape, robbery, burglary, theft, larceny,
kidnapping, embezzlement, bribery, fraud, blackmail, abuse of
power, house-breaking, shoplifting.
Exercise 2. Translate the given definitions. Name the
crimes using legal terms from exercise 1.
48
H. taking people away illegally,
usually by force in order to get
money for returning them.
1. a forger
2.an arsonist
3. a drug dealer
4. a deserter
5. a gangster
6. a vandal
7. a pickpocket
A. deliberately causes damage to property.
B. buys and sells drugs illegally.
C. runs away from the army.
D. steals things from people’s
pockets in crowded places.
E. is a member of a criminal
group.
F. sets fire to property illegally.
J. makes counterfeit (false)
money etc.
Exercise 3. Match the words in italics to the definitions.
Exercise 4. If a person commits a crime he/she may be:
accused
arrested
convicted
interrogated
paroled
pressions: first of all, first, then, after that, in the next stage and
finally.
sent to prison
suspected
tried
Put the actions in the correct order. Use the following ex-
49
Criminal act
Rating
shoplifting (stealing an iPad)
selling drugs (heroin)
aggravated assault
murder of a police officer
rape
selling porno films and books
crossing the street in a wrong place
speeding
disorderly conduct in a disco-club
illegal possession of a gun without a license
grievous bodily harm / injury
kidnapping
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
SPEAKING
Exercise 5. Study the following list of offences in the table.
Rate them from 1 to 5 (1 is a minor offence, 5 is a very serious
crime). Which of the sentences listed below fit the offences in
the table? Give your own opinion – it is not necessary to apply
your knowledge of existing laws.
fine – штраф;
to impose a fine – налагать штраф;
community work – общественно полезные работы;
заключения;
чение;
чение;
торжными работами;
short-term imprisonment – небольшой срок тюремного
long-term imprisonment – длительное тюремное заклю-
life-long imprisonment – пожизненное тюремное заклю-
imprisonment with hard labour – лишение свободы с ка-
50
Chronicles of Crime
Death of the Legend
by Susan Sharon
The Department of Criminal
Justice has reported lately
that James Morrison, a topfamous rock-star was found
dead in his country house.
However, the circumstances
are rather strange: everything went well both in
James Morrison’s career and
in his family life while the
detectives found a suicide
note in his hand.
At the same time, James’s
wife, Nicola reported that
during the last few weeks he
was very depressed.
Probably the most unusual
part of the story is that
Mr Morrison’s dog, a huge
pit-bull, was also found dead
in his living room with a cut
throat.
Nevertheless, the police together with the medical experts have concluded that it
suspended sentence – отсрочка исполнения наказания,
условное наказание;
disciplinary training – исправительно-трудовое перевос-
питание;
capital punishment / death penalty – высшая мера наказания / смертная казнь.
Mysterious Death of a Rock Star
CASE STUDY
Background
Mr James Morrison, known as Fate, a wide-famous rock
star was found dead in his country house on October 21 in
2012. Mr Morrison’s veins were cut and there was a note which
said that he had committed suicide…
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