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Файл:English for Information Security. Учебник
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141
Если причастие II употребляется в функции обстоятельства
Participle II if
unless while when, as
1. Обстоятельственным придаточным предложением. If heated,
molecules of the material move faster.
2. Существительным с предлогами "при" или “когда”. When
offered work abroad, Popov refused to leave his country.
3. "Будучи" + краткая форма причастия.
Participial Constructions.
Употребление. Причастные обороты
-
The Objective Participial Construction (сложное дополнение). I
want it done by 5 o'clock.
The Absolute Participial Construction (независимый причастный
оборот).
в начале
предложения – обстоятельственным придаточным предложением
в конце предложения – простым
предложением The
with. With experiments
142
having been carried out, we started new investigation.
Unit 7. Gerund
Употребление.
Образование. ing
Герундий в функции подлежащего
Using virtual environments has considerably widened the range of training
possibilities.
Measuring temperatures is necessary in many experiments
Именная часть составного именного сказуемого
One more fact is worth mentioning.
I can't help being surprised at their success. - He .
Герундий в функции дополнения
143
Most memory training systems involve associating the things you want to
remember with something you already have safely stored in your head.
-
Герундий в функции дополнения
like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer
start, begin, continue, finish
stop, regret, remember, forget, mean, go on
Герундий в функции предложного дополнения
There are many stories about dolphins saving sailors from drowning.
The present project aims at promoting an active role of the astronomers.
.
Всегда употребляется герундий : to be
capable of, to depend on, to consist in, to result in, to be interested in, to feel like,
to look like, to prevent from, to accuse of, to reply on, to approve of, to insist on,
to agree to, to be tired of, to think of, to complain of, to rely on, to speak of, to
suspect of, to look forward. It looks like raining. . They
insisted on prolonging the negotiations.
144
В функции определения герундий
of", "for", "in".
The difficulties in designing these devices led to the development of a new
technological method.
Герундий в функции обстоятельства
A system can be realized by making a superconducting tunnel junction.
, .
On being heated to a sufficient temperature any body becomes a source of light.
The Complex Gerundial Constructions.
Употребление.
сложным герундиальным оборотом.
The man's coming so early surprised us. To
I never doubted his working in this field of science.
145
We looked forward to the contract being signed.
Unit 8. Conditionals
THE FIRST CONDITIONAL
Выражает реальное условие, прогноз, обещание.
If + Present Simple, (then) Future Simple.
If you sit by the river long enough, you will see the body of your enemy
float by. (Sun Tzu)
If you bring some ricotta, I will make lasagna for dinner.
В главном предложении можно также использовать повелительное
наклонение: If I'm late, go without me.
If I go fishing tomorrow, I will not be home until late.
If you don't need this player, I will gladly take it
UNLESS, PROVIDED THAT, AS LONG AS, IN CASE
unless „if not‟:
I‟ll meet you tonight unless you‟re busy. (= I'll meet you tonight if you're
not busy.)
Unless we leave now, we‟ll be late. (= If we don‟t leave now, we‟ll be
late.)
provided / providing (that) as long as
„if‟ on condition that‟:
You‟ll pass the exam provided (that) you work hard. (= on condition that
you work hard)
146
I'll pay for the tickets as long as they're not too expensive. (= only if
they‟re not too expensive)
in case
-
:
I‟ll buy an umbrella if it rains. (= If it starts to rain, 111 buy one.)
I‟m going to buy an umbrella in case it rains. (= I‟m going to buy one
because it might rain.)
THE SECOND CONDITIONAL
If + Past Simple, (then) Future-in-the Past.
If I had more money, I‟d be happy. (= I don't have much money and I‟m
not happy.)
If it was warm, we could eat outside. (= It isn‟t warm and we can't eat
outside.)
If cows
could fly, we would need stronger umbrellas.
We would need stronger umbrellas if cows could fly.
were
If he were more powerful, he'd be able to do more.
THE THIRD CONDITIONAL
If + Past Perfect Simple, (then) would + Perfect Infinitive
147
If we‟d set out earlier we would have arrived on time. (= We didn't set
out early and we didn‟t arrive on time.)
If you'd told me about the party. I would have come. (= You didn't tell me
about the party and I didn‟t come.)
If I'd known you were in town, I could have met you. If she'd worked
harder, she might have passed her exam.
148
Word List
Unit 1
Access
assessment
availability
barrage
burgeon
confidentiality
deterrent
evolve
facility
implement
infiltrate
integrity
intruder
issue
keep up with
maintenance
multiple
probation
pursue
revenue
savvy
sensitive data
target
unauthorized user
via
vulnerability
Unit 2
ad hoc approach
amend
biliteral cipher
blockchain
carrier file
cipher
cipher key
coin (v)
conceal a message
convert
distributed networks
fuel (v)
garbled message
give rise to
inherent
intruder
invisible watermarking
peer-to-peer network
plaintext
incentivization
replete
retrieve
scrambled message
shift the letters
sophisticated
unintended recipient
149
Unit 3
algorithm weakness
brute force attack
decryption
derive the key
digital signature algorithm
encryption
flaw
hash function
intercept
inquisitiveness
man-in-the-middle attack
party
precaution
prevent
quadgram statistics
quit
random permutation of bits
subterfuge
susceptibility
under scrutiny
unicity distance
Unit 4
accounts receivable
aftermath
assessment
be in tolerance
breach
crippling lawsuit
data exfiltration
data leakage
disgruntled employee
ensure
evaluate
far seeing
fraudulent
granular control
handle
hefty payout
ill-intentioned employee
keep an eye
mitigate
quantitative methods
qualitative methods
Phishing attack
set an objective
spoof
tarnish
unwittingly
150
Unit 5
Bilateral
biological traits
border check points
coincide
come up with
comprise
cornerstone
emphasize
iris
leverage
magnetic stripe card
mandatory
mould
mutual
olfactory organ
retina
take precautions
tangent
token
vouch for
wristband
Unit 6
acquisition
asset
bandwidth
business agility
compliance
elusive
face the challenge
incompatible
interoperability
in this respect
issue
local area network
merger
overcome the adversities
proprietary
reside
scatter
stature
trigger
troll
undergo transformation
vendor
verify credentials
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