Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English for Information Security. Учебник
.pdf
121
Total 48
Progress Self-Test
Vocabulary
I. Match the lines to make word combinations.
1. rectilinear
a. host
2. embedding
b. the requirements
3. keyring
c. solution
4. assurance
d. a message
5. vulnerability
e. risk
6. trial
f. code
7. nefarious
g. communication
8. fault
h. standards
9. prearranged
i. security
10. ciphertext-only
j. success
11. physical
k. event
12. meet
l. of a program
13. incompatible
m. application
14. unauthorized
n. measures
15. convey
o. basis
16. acceptable
p. server
17. undesired
q. tree
18. communicating
r. analysis
19. adversary
s. encipherment
20. covert
t. user
40 points
122
II. Give Russian equivalents of the following terms
1. availability
2. threat
3. eavesdropper
4. implementation
5. hill climbing algorithm
6. subkey
7. mimic the process (of natural selection)
8. grille cipher
9. consequence
10. unacceptable risk
11. intrusion
12. access point
13. coin a term
14. measure
15. man-in-the middle-attack
30 points
III. Give English equivalents of the following terms
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8. DES
9.
10.
20 points
123
IV. Give definitions of the following terms
1. encryption
2. brute force attack
3. steganography medium
4. penetration
5. automated aids
10 points
Total 100
Self-Test
Information Protection
I. Match the lines to make word combinations
1. carrier
a. basis
2. keyring
b. measures
3. unauthorized
c. of binary
4. cue
d. communication
5. incompatible
e. text
6. estimate
f. standards
7. covert
g. server
8. rectilinear
h. user
9. assurance
i. risk
10. a string
j. code
1. overt
a. an application
2. random
b. protection
3. unacceptable
c. aids
4. convey
d. cipher
5. automated
e. point
124
6. mimic
f. communication
7. secure
g. a message
8. integrity
h. result
9. access
i. risk
10. grille
j. the process
II. Match English and Russian equivalents
1. hill climbing algorithm
a.
2. vulnerability analysis
b.
3. a suite of tools
c.
4. eavesdropper
5. availability
e.
6. digital watermarking
f.
7. in nonobvious way
g.
8. intrusion
h.
9. trial key
i.
10. tolerable
1. implementation
a.
2. threat
b.
3. remove one bit of drudgery
c.
4. optional authentication of the client
d.
5. integrity
e.
6. nefarious application
f.
7. prearranged code
g.
8. adversary success
h.
125
9. meet the requirements
i.
10. incomprehensible ciphertext
j
III. Match the terms and their definitions
1. application
a. result, effect
2. implementation
b. IT product or system during
evaluation
3. estimate
c. verify
4. Common Criteria
d. unenciphered text
5. penetration
e. intercept
6. consequence
f. intrusion
7. eavesdrop
g. performance
8. Target of Evaluation
h. usage
9. plaintext
i. evaluate
10. authenticate
j. basis for evaluation of security
properties of IT products or system
1. coin (a term)
a. someone who buys IT products or
systems
2. objective
b. protect
3. microdot
c. decrease
4. implicit
d. decoding
5. evaluation
e. introduce
6. consumer
f. microphotograph
7. decryption
g. concealed, covert
8. reduce
h. purpose
9. recover (a DES key)
i. assessment
10. secure
j. extract
126
IV. Read the text. Mark the following statements true or false
Early Cryptographic systems
It seems reasonable to assume that people have tried to conceal
information in written form since writing was developed and examples survive in
stone inscriptions and papyruses showing that many ancient civilizations
including the Egyptians, Hebrews and Assyrians developed cryptographic
systems. The first recorded use of cryptography for correspondence was by the
for communications between military commanders.
The Greeks were the inventors of the first transposition cipher and in the
fourth century BC the earliest book on the subject was written by a Greek,
A.Tacticus. Another Greek Polibius, later devised a means of encoding letters
into pairs of symbols using a device known as the Polibius checkboard. There
are also the examples of primitive substitution ciphers in use by other
civilizations including Romans.
The Polibius checkboard consists of a five by five grid containing all the
letters of the alphabet. Each letter is converted into two numbers, the first is the
row in which the letter can be found and the second is the column. Hence letter
A becomes 11, the letter B 12 and so fourth.
The Arabs were the first people to clearly understand the principles of
cryptography and to start cryptanalysis. They devised and used both substitution
and transposition ciphers and discovered the use of letter frequency distributions
in cryptanalysis.
European cryptography dates from the Middle Ages during which it was
developed by the Italian city states.
In modern history during the first world war both sides employed cipher
systems for tactical communications, while code systems were used mainly for
127
high-command and diplomatic communications. Although field cipher systems
such as the US Signal Corps cipher disc were not sophisticated, some
complicated cipher systems were used for high-level communications by the end
of the war. The most famous of these was the German ADFGVX fractionation
cipher.
In the 1920-s the development of mechanical and electromechanical
technology came together with the needs of telegraphy and radio to bring about a
revolution of crypto devices the development of rotor cipher machines. The
most famous cipher machine in history the German Enigma machine which
was used during World War 2 was based on the rotor concept.
1. The first cipher devices were developed by the Arabs.
2. Polibius substituted letters by pairs of numbers.
3. The US Signal Corps cipher disc was very complicated.
4. Rotor cipher machines were based on the principles of mechanics and
electromechanics.
5. Spartans used cipher devices during wars.
6. German ADFGVX fractionation cipher was considered to be one of the
easiest to break.
7. Letter D in Polibius checkboard became 14.
8. The Arabs invented substitution and transposition ciphers.
9. Simple fractination ciphers were used in ancient Rome.
10. Field cipher systems such as the US Signal Corps cipher disc were not
complicated.
128
Appendix
Grammar
Passive Voice
Passive
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect
Progressive
Present
sometimes, every
day, often, always,
etc.
am
is asked
are
now, still, at the
moment
am
is being asked
are
already, ever, just,
never, yet
have
been asked
has
Perfect Progressive
Perfect
Past
yesterday, two
years ago, in 1995,
etc.
was
asked
were
When he came, at
that moment, etc.
was
being asked
were
by the time, already,
etc.
have
been asked
has
Future
tomorrow
will be asked
Future
Progressive
Future Simple
by the time in the
future
will have been asked
be V
3
be being V
3
have been V
3
129
Unit 1. Past Tenses
Прошедшее простое время (Past Simple)
I
enjoyed the film we saw last night;
2) : He woke up, dressed,
had breakfast and went to work.
Прошедшее длительное время (Past Continuous)
: While James was cooking, we
were washing the car.
, Past Simple: I was having my dinner when Ruth
phoned.
Прошедшее совершенное время (Past Perfect Simple)
Jan had completed his project by 7 p.m. yesterday;
When Tony
arrived, the film had started.
Прошедшее совершенное длительное время (Past Perfect Continuous)
1
She had been
working as a doctor for twenty years before she resigned;
2
They were wet because they had been walking in the rain.
Unit 2. Present Tenses
Настоящее простое время (Present Simple)
I usually get up at 9;
130
Tony plays in football team. The sun rises in the east;
The film starts at 7.30. The train arrives at 12.20.
Present Simple ,
: A man walks into a bar and
asks for a glass of water. The barman says… .
Настоящее длительное время (Present Continuous)
What are you looking for? I am reading an interesting book;
2) : Tomorrow we are
leaving for Moscow;
be: Helen is being
very naughty these days. She is usually very well-behaved;
You are always watching TV! She is always losing her things!
Глаголы, не употребляются в
Continuous:
like love hate want need prefer
know recognize
realize suppose be mean understand
believe remember belong contain
consist depend seem
Think
What are you thinking about?
What do you think
of that man?
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]