Развитие навыков переводческой деятельности на английском языке по теме «Нейропсихология». Учебно-методическое пособие

In a study of the relationship of neuropsychologists’ cognitive complexity, ability to interpret behavior in a multidimensional way, and the validity of their diagnostic judgments, cognitive complexity was not significantly related to validity. The authors hypothesized that it may be the neuropsychologists’ reliance on normative data that allowed them to make valid clinical judgments, independent of whether they had high or low cognitive complexity. As anyone familiar with the seminal work of Alexandr Luria can appreciate, however, normative data are not always required for valid conclusions to be reached about neuropsychological function. For the majority of current practitioners who ascribe to testing and use normative data, it is apparent that analyzing quantitative features with respect to appropriate normative data needs to be supplemented by integration of qualitative observations about the child’s individual style and temperament. These impressions must then be weighed in comparison to the overall database of knowledge about the child. I, therefore, refer to the additional steps taken beyond a standard profile or pattern analysis as convergence profile analysis, an expanded analysis of the entire spectrum of information about the child. It demands that suppositions based on one data point be matched or correlated sensibly with others before their import is overstated. Heavy emphasis is therefore placed on the neuropsychologist’s clinical judgment. Certainly, in child evaluation, strict rules of interpretation, especially those originally based on adult models, are easily broken in consideration of the individual child. Rule breaking is often required in child evaluation since typicality within a homogeneous clinical subgroup is often not possible. Thus, while a hypothesis based on a single test result or an outlier score or performance, may be tentatively entertained, all such conjecture requires solid back-up. Clinical impressions cannot be considered definitive conclusions without such strong evidential support, that is, convergence within the full data spectrum.