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Файл:Иностранный язык (английский) для судовых механиков и мотористов. Учебное пособие для СПО
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of the engineering watch shall ensure that the main propulsion unit controls, in the
manual mode of operation, are continuously attended (supervised) under stand-by or
maneuvering conditions.
Due attention shall be paid to the ongoing maintenance and support of all machinery, including mechanical, electrical, electronic, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, their
control apparatus and associated safety equipment, all accommodation service systems equipment and the recording of stores and spare gear usage.
The chief engineer officer shall ensure that the officer in charge of the engineering watch is informed of all preventive maintenance, damage control, or repair
operations to be performed during the engineering watch. The officer in charge of the
engineering watch shall be responsible for the isolation, bypassing and adjustment of
all machinery under the responsibility of the engineering watch that is to be worked
on, and shall record all work carried out.
When the engine room is put in a stand-by condition, the officer in charge of
the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery and equipment which may be
used during maneuvering is in a state of immediate readiness and that an adequate
reserve of power is available for steering gear and other requirements.
Officers in charge of an engineering watch shall keep the main propulsion plant
and auxiliary systems under constant supervision until properly relieved, and shall
periodically inspect the machinery in their charge. They shall also ensure that adequate rounds of the machinery and steering-gear spaces are made for the purpose
of observing and reporting equipment malfunctions or breakdowns, performing or
directing routine adjustments, required upkeep and other necessary tasks.
Officers in charge of an engineering watch shall demand that any other member
of the engineering watch to inform them of potentially hazardous conditions which
may adversely affect the machinery or jeopardize the safety of life or of the ship.
The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that the machinery
space watch is supervised, and shall arrange for substitute personnel in the event
of the incapacity of any engineering watch personnel. The engineering watch shall
not leave the machinery spaces unsupervised if it would prevent the manual opera-
tion of the engine room plant or throttles.
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The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall take the action necessary
to contain the effects of damage resulting from equipment breakdown, fire, flooding, rupture, collision, stranding, or other cause.
2. Запомните новые слова и выражения из текста.
1. To perform work (watch) — выполнять работу (несение вахты).
2. Despite/in spite of the presence — несмотря на присутствие.
3. To assume responsibility — взять на себя ответственность.
4. To be familiar with — быть знакомым с (знать).
5. Internal communication system — система внутренней связи.
6. Escape routes — аварийные выходы.
7. To distinguish between various alarms — различать разные сигналы тревоги.
8. To observe safety precautions — соблюдать меры предосторожности.
9. (Тo be) in the manned condition — при вахтенном обслуживании.
10. To respond to (to meet) the needs — отвечать нуждам (требованиям).
11. To be immediately available — немедленно прибыть на место.
12. (Оn call) to attend the machinery spaces — (по вызову) прибыть в м.о.
13. To execute (orders) promptly — выполнять (приказы) быстро.
14. Main propulsion unit controls — органы управления.
15. To attend continuously — непрерывно обслуживать.
16. Preventive maintenance — профилактическое обслуживание.
17. Damage control — ликвидация повреждений, аварийное управление.
18. In a state of immediate readiness — в состоянии немедленной готовности.
19. To keep under constant supervision — держать под постоянным на-
блюдением.
20. (Тo ensure) rounds of the machinery & steering gear spaces — (обеспечи-
вать) обход машинного отделения и отделения рулевой машины.
21. To report equipment malfunctions — сообщать о неисправности обо-
рудования.
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22. To perform routine adjustments — совершать периодическое регули-
рование.
23. To perform required upkeep — совершать необходимое техническое об-
служивание.
24. To perform necessary tasks — совершать необходимые задачи.
25. To jeopardize (the safety) — угрожать (безопасности).
26. To arrange for substitute personnel — организовать (обеспечить) замену
персонала.
27. In the event of incapacity — в случае неспособности.
28. To leave machinery spaces unsupervised — оставлять м.о. без присмотра.
29. To contain the effects of damage — (зд.) ограничивать (распростране-
ние) повреждений.
3. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is the officer in charge of the engineering watch responsible for?
2. Does the engineering watch include only engineering?
3. How does the liability of watch officer vary at the Chief Engineer presence
in the engine room?
4. When are the machinery spaces under the periodic unmanned condition where
the duty officer may stay?
5. What shall watch officer ensure if handing-over machinery space is in stand-
by condition?
6. When? In what cases? Shall watch officer notify the chief engineer officer
without delay?
4. Запомните новые слова и выражения.
Watchkeeping
вахтенный моторист
watch motorman
запустить двигатель
to start engine
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остановить двигатель
to stop engine
проверить уровень топлива в цистерне
level to check the fuel level in tank
проверить уровень масла:
– в циркуляционной цистерне;
– в редукторе;
– в дизельгенераторе;
– в регуляторе;
– в воздушном компрессоре;
– в газовой турбине;
– в подшипниках;
– в лубрикаторе
to check the oil level:
– in circulation tank;
– in gear;
– in diesel generator;
– in governor;
– in air compressor;
– in gas turbine;
– in bearing;
– in lubricator
обратить внимание на…
to pay attention at…
быть осторожным
to be careful
неполадки (вибрация, шум, утечка,
перегрев, охлаждение)
troubles (vibration, noise, leakage,
overheating, cooling)
помогать
to help
параметры главного двигателя
main engine parameters
параметры вспомогательного двигателя
auxiliary engine parameters
доложить вахтенному механику
to report the watch engineer
чистить фильтры
to clean filters
осмотр и закрепление основных частей
inspection and fastering the main parts
измерять расход масла и воды
to measure oil and water consumption
пополнение лубрикаторного масла
и смазки
refilling lub. oil and grease manually
температура (давление):
– увеличивается;
– (понижается)
temperature (pressure):
– increases;
– (decreases)
высокий (низкий)
high(low)
рабочее состояние
operational condition
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продувка
scavenging
продувочный воздух
scavenging air
в случае аварии
in case of emergency
конденсатор
condenser
конденсат
condensate
подготовить к работе
to get ready for operation
5. Составьте диалоги по предложенным ситуациям. Используйте сло-
ва и выражения из задания 4.
СИТУАЦИЯ 1. Вы должны показать кому-либо машинное отделение
и назвать механизмы.
СИТУАЦИЯ 2. Доложите вахтенному механику о замеченных вами
неполадках.
СИТУАЦИЯ 3. Один из обычных рабочих диалогов во время вахты.
6. Запомните следующие команды.
Доложите вахтенному механику!
Report the watch engineer!
Очистите масляные фильтры!
Clean the oil filters!
Осмотрите и закрепите основные части!
Inspect and fasten this main parts
Проверьте уровень масла!
Check' the oil level!
Запустите пожарный насос!
Start the fire pump!
Осторожно!
Be careful! Watch out!
Подготовить дизель генератор к работе!
Got diesel generator ready for operation!
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ТЕМА 6. ДЕЙСТВИЯ В АВАРИЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ
1. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
Emergency Organization
1. GENERAL.
The ship's emergency organization comprises all members of the ship's company who will be directly involved in responding to a general emergency.
The emergency organization is centered on an emergency squad which comprises a number of selected officers and ratings and which will take any action necessary and possible to deal with an emergency. On sounding the emergency station signal or fire alarms the emergency squad will muster at the emergency headquarters
from which position they will collect their equipment.
Selected personnel will be assigned to special duties. Their actions will largely
be governed by the circumstances but their principal functions will be to provide
technical support
2. EMERGENCY ORGANIZATION AT SEA EMERGENCY SQUAD.
Emergency squad will normally consist of the following personnel:
– chief officer;
– 2nd engineer;
– 2nd officer;
– 3rd engineer;
– 3rd officer;
– bosun;
– selected deck;
– E/R ratings.
The chief officer and the 2nd engineer will always be no's 1 and 2 of the emergency squad, with the chief officer normally in charge when tackling emergencies
outside of the engine room and the 2nd engineer taking charge of emergencies within
the machinery spaces.
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Support Squad. The support squad will be in charge of a deck officer and its
main duties will be to: supply extra equipment to the emergency squad;
1) provide extra (or substitute) manpower;
2) form additional hose parties if instructed;
conduct boundary cooling or boundary starvation as directed;
3) prepare lifeboats and life rafts if required.
Thus the main function of this squad will be to provide support and back up for
the emergency squad.
Allocation of Emergency Stations. Before leaving port, the master will arrange for emergency stations to be allocated to everybody on board.
The stations or duties are recorded on the Muster List (аварийное расписание).
3. GENERAL EMERGENCIES.
Situations which are considered general emergencies are many and varied and
may include any of the following:
1) spillage of petroleum cargo;
2) fire in cargo area;
3) fire in machinery spaces or control room;
4) fire in accommodation or store room spaces;
5) person(s) overcome by toxic gas or anoxia;
6) man overboard;
7) collision;
8) grounding;
9) helicopter crash or ditching.
Machinery or control system alarm are not normally considered to be general
emergencies and the emergency station signal should only be sounded if a mechanical or control system failure has resulted, or may result in a general emergency.
4. EMERGENCY STATION SIGNAL.
The signal for a general emergency is the continuous sounding of the emergency alarms accompanied by four long blasts on the ship's whistle.
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5. LIFEBOAT STATION SIGNAL.
The lifeboat station signal will be seven or more short blasts followed by, one
long blast on the ship's whistle and repeated on the emergency alarms.
The order to abandon the ship will be given only by the master or his deputy.
5. COMMAND.
The master will be in overall command of the emergency and will normally
proceed to the bridge whether (независимо от того) the ship is at sea or in port.
6. SPECIAL DUTIES.
Chief Engineer. If not in the engine room at the time of the emergency, he will
proceed first to the emergency headquarters and once informed of the nature of the
emergency will act on
His own discretion (по собственному усмотрению) and in consultation with
the master.
Electrician. As directed by chief engineer the electrician must isolate electric
circuits and to stop/start machinery.
Duty Engineer. During manned engine room operations, the duty engineer
will remain on watch even if he is a member of the emergency squad.
During unmanned engine room operations, the duty engineer will always proceed first to the emergency headquarters to establish the nature of the emergency.
If the automatic fire detection system in the engine room is the cause of the
alarm, investigation must be undertaken by properly equipped senior engine room
personnel.
2. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. Whom does the emergency squad consist of?
2. What are the main duties of the support squad?
3. Where are the stations or duties recorded?
4. What situations are considered to be general emergencies?
5. What is the signal for a general emergency?
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6. Who gives the order to abandon the ship?
7. What must the electrician do when emergency situation occurs?
8. Will the duty engineer remain on watch during manned engine room operations?
9. What must the duty engineer do during unmanned engine room operations?
3. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
Emergency Organization in Port
Sufficient personnel should always remain on board to deal with emergencies.
The telephone number of the port emergency services together with any other means
of summoning assistance should be posted in prominent positions on arrival in port.
The local fire or emergency services will usually assume control in a major emergency. The ship's emergency organization will therefore be prepared to:
a) tackle the emergency in the first instance;
b) contact and assist the local fire and emergency services if and after they have
taken control.
When the emergency alarms are sounded in port, all members of the ship's
company will muster on deck, outside the emergency headquarters, with the following exceptions:
a) the master and the radio officer will proceed to the bridge. If both are ashore,
another officer must be detailed to man the bridge;
b) the chief engineer officer will proceed to the engine room;
c) watch keepers in the engine room will remain on watch;
d) supernumeraries, visitors and shore labour will proceed ashore.
An emergency party will be formed from the personnel remaining on board.
If the emergency is in the engine room, the senior engineer officer will direct
operations. The senior deck officer will direct operations to deal with situation outside the machinery spaces. The bridge will be the main command and communications centre and will form a link with the shore. If there is a possibility of the bridge
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becoming isolated due to the nature and location of the emergency, the command and
communications centre will transfer to the emergency headquarters
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES. Anyone may initiate an emergency (поднять
тревогу) by simply pressing the emergency alarm switch. This will bring the emergency party to the emergency headquarters and alert (привести в состояние готов-
ности) the remaining members of the emergency organization.
A person having sounded the emergency alarms must also report the location
and nature of the emergency (место и характер аварии) to the bridge or to the
emergency headquarters.
EMERGENCY ALARMS — ACTION.
1. The emergency squad will muster at the emergency headquarters with the
utmost speed.
The first officer to arrive at the emergency headquarters will contact the bridge to
advise or enquire about the nature and location of the emergency. In any case, communications must be established with the master. On leaving the emergency headquarters, the emergency squad will use portable VHF transceivers/walkie-talkie for
communications.
2. Personnel assigned with special duties will proceed to their stations (посты).
3. The first aid and provision squad will proceed to their muster point (ме-
сто сбора).
4. The support squad will muster and await instructions.
5. Communications will be established between bridge and engine room.
6. The emergency squad will collect the necessary equipment and proceed to
scene of the emergency (место аварии)!
4. Ответьте на вопросы.
1. How many people should always remain on board in port to deal with emer-
gencies?
2. Where does the crew muster when the emergency alarms are sounded in port?
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