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Файл:Английский язык. Грамматика со звёздами = English Grammar with the Stars. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
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8.34. Read this magazine article about video games. Find and
correct nine mistakes in the use of articles.
THE PLUMBER
Once there was a plumber called Mario. Plumber had beautiful
girlfriend. One day, a ape fell in love with the girlfriend and kidnapped
her. The plumber chased ape to rescue his girlfriend. This simple tale
became Donkey Kong, a first video game with a story. It was invented
by Sigeru Matsimoto, a artist with Nintendo, Inc. Matsimoto loved the
video games but he wanted to make them more interesting. He liked
fairy tales so he invented story similar to a famous fairy tale. Story was
an immediate success and Nintendo followed it with The Mario Brothers.
The rest is video game history.
8.35. Fill in the gaps with the where necessary.
1. There are countless varieties of … English in use in … Englishspeaking world.
2. … Government is now insisting that mathematics is taught with
… methods reminiscent of … 1950s.
3. When Julie walked into … room, you could have cut … atmosphere with a knife.
4. … Music of today deserves a different name from … music of
Beethoven, Bach and other comparable geniuses.
5. … People living inside … Arctic Circle have a very different view
of … year from those living in, say, Belgium.
6. Many people in … public sector of work are just looking for …
sun, sand and relaxation when they go on holiday, and why not?
7. …Government is only possible if … majority accept… law of …
land.
8.36. Complete the text with correct articles or zero article.
GEORGE ORWELL
(1) … author George Orwell (1903 – 1950) was (2) … English novelist, critic and political and cultural commentator. He is best known
for … (3) novels Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, (4) … both of
which were written and published toward (5) … end of his life.
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He chose (6) … pen-name George Orwell in (7) … early 1930s when
his first book, Down and Out in Paris and London, was published. This
book describes what it was like to be (8) … poor and (9) … homeless in
(10) … Britain, and also described (11) … time he spent in Paris working
in (12) … kitchen of (13) … high-class hotel.
(14) … Orwell’s father was (15) … civil servant in India, and Orwell
grew up in (16) … middle-class family. He was (17) … pupil at Eton, (18)
… well-known English school, and as his family could not afford to send
him to university, he joined (19) … Indian Imperial Police. He learnt
(20) … lot about (21) … British Empire, but came to hate (22) … job, and
in 1927 he resigned and decided to become (23) …writer.
He worked as (24) … schoolteacher, and in (25) … bookshop, wrote
(26) …. book about (27) … poverty in (28) … northern England and also
fought for (29) … Republican side in (30) … Spanish civil war. He developed (31) … career as (32) … journalist and reviewer, and during (33) …
Second World War he made (34) … regular broadcasts on (35) … BBC.
His unfading popularity rests on his two political novels.
8.37. Correct the 8 errors in this extract from a composition.
A POLITICAL ESSAY
The war takes over when politics fails. It is always frightening and
unpleasant and the society does everything it can to avoid clashes between countries, but there often comes a point where avoidance is no
longer an option. In the past, the mankind has fought wars for many
different reasons but the history shows that one side always blames the
other for starting it. Aggression starts because one side accuses the other
of doing something aggressive. The other side denies it. The argument
gets louder and more heated until suddenly patience are at an end, the
time for talk is over, and military power replaces spoken argument. Wars
can be justified if they are fought for good reasons, but who is to say what
is a good reason?
History is written by the winners, and it is their version of the truth
that we tend to work from. Our knowledge of the whole history of any
war are likely to be limited by the lack of complete informations but if
we are to learn any lessons for future, we must try to understand what
happened.
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8.38. Complete the text with correct articles or zero article.
DO EXAMS MAKE PUPILS LOSE INTEREST?
(1) … children could be turned off their favourite subjects for (2)
… life if they are pushed too hard to take (3) … exams, (4) … psychologists are warning. (5) … study of 11-year-olds found that those who had
taken exams to win (6) … school places rapidly lost (7) … interest in their
school work after (8) … exams were over.
Other children, who did not take (9) … same kind of tests, did not
have (10) … same experience. In this study, (11) … group of researchers
measured (12) … motivation of children in (13) … science, (14) … English and (15) … maths. Before (16) … exams (17) … children all appeared
very motivated, but as soon as (18) … exams were over, that changed,
and their motivation went down. Motivation stayed (19) … same among
another group who took normal school tests. Researchers think it is possible that some children can be put off (20) … subject permanently by
an exam.
8.39. Fill in the correct article, or zero article if necessary.
HOW IT ALL BEGAN
Apple Computer was founded in Los Gatos, California on 1 April,
1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, to sell (1) … Apple I personal computer kit at $666.66. They were hand-built in Jobs’
parents’ garage, and (2) … Apple I was first shown to (3) … public at (4)
… Homebrew Computer Club. Jobs and Wozniak, (5) … two Steves, had
been (6) … friends since 1971. Jobs managed to interest Wozniak in assembling (7) … personal computers and selling them. Jobs approached
(8) … computer store, which ordered 50 units and paid $500 for each
unit. Jobs then ordered components from Cramer Electronics, (9) …
company making electronic parts. Using (10) … number of methods, including borrowing space from (11) … friends and family and selling (12)
… things including (13) …Volkswagen Type bus, Jobs managed to secure
(14) … parts needed while Wozniak and another friend, Ronald Wayne,
assembled (15) … Apple I. The computers were delivered in June, and
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paid for on delivery. Eventually two hundred Apple I computers were
built. (16) … Apple II was first sold in (17) … 1977. It was popular with
(18) … home users and was occasionally sold to (19) … business users,
particularly after (20) … first computer spreadsheet, called VisiCalc, appeared.
8.40. Some of the sentences have an article (A / THE) which
shouldn’t be there. Spot the mistakes and correct them.
ON HURRICANES AND THEIR ORIGIN
(1) A hurricane is (2) a fast-moving storm moving in (3) a circle
measuring between 60 and 1,000 miles in (4) the diameter. It forms over
(5) a warm water far out at sea. It begins as (6) a group of strong thunderstorms moving across (7) the ocean, usually known as (8) a tropical
wave.
(9) The weather conditions must be just right to turn (10) a tropical wave into (11) a hurricane, and (12) the less than five per cent of
them ever become (13) the real hurricanes. (14) A tropical wave that
begins to spin around (15) a centre of low pressure is called (16) a tropical depression. (17) The tropical depressions have (18) a maximum wind
speeds of less than 65 km per hour at (19) the ocean’s surface. When (20)
the winds reach 65 km per hour or greater, (21) the storm changes into
(22) a tropical storm, and (23) the meteorologists give it (24) a name.
When these winds reach 120 km per hour or greater, (25) a hurricane is
formed. Each hurricane has (26) an area in the middle called (27) an eye.
In (28) the eye there is (29) the low pressure and (30) the winds are calm.
(31) The eye is surrounded by severe thunderstorms with high winds
and (32) a heavy rain. Hurricanes are called typhoons when they occur
in (33) the western Pacific Ocean, and cyclones in (34) the Indian and
southern Pacific Oceans. (35) The name hurricane is used for storms in
(36) the North Atlantic and in other parts of (37) the Pacific. Most hurricanes occur between (38) the June 1st and 30th November.
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8.41. Read the following. Some parts are correct, while others
contain a word that shouldn’t be there. Spot the mistakes.
HIS NAME IS JAMES, “KING JAMES”
1. LeBron James is an American profes-
sional basketball player for the Miami
2. Heat of the National for Basketball Association (NBA). In April 2010 James
3. was ranked the world’s second the most
influential athlete after Lance
4. Armstrong. James also often became
the first Afro-American to appear on
5. the cover of Vogue, posing side by side
with the Brazilian supermodel
6. Gisele Bundchen. He was the third
man to appear on the page cover of
the
7. famous editorial magazine after Richard Gere and George
Clooney. James
8. is stands on the list of top earning athletes and contributes extensively to
9. various charities, be it Barack Obama’s presidential campaign
or helping of
10. disabled children. The basketball star founded his personal own
charity, too,
11. the LeBron James Family Foundation. There he donates gives
the proceeds
12. from various auctions selling luxury goods as like Swiss watches
James
13. advertises. In fact, the athlete has contracts deals with such giant businesses
14. as Nike, Sprite, McDonald’s and of the like. One might think
LeBron James
15. is just like a lucky one. But then his life is nothing but another
Cinderella
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16. story tale, though this one Cinderella is quite a huge fellow, all
black and
17. having no fairy godmother. Little LeBron never knew his biological true
18. father who had left his 16-year-old mother. She then had to raise
LeBron on
19. her own herself. The boy might have easily become just another
kid keen on
20. playing ball but getting nowhere. Yet LeBron was determined to
do succeed.
21. His career began when he was in the high school. At 16, he was
the first
22. sophomore to become Ohio’s “Mr. Basketball” and became the
first student
23. sophomore ever selected to the USA Today All-USA First Team.
His great
24. commitment to the game and spectacular performance let him
to earn the
25. same honors the following year. It was that at this time that his
nickname
26. “King James” became a household product name in Ohio. His
first NBA
27. team was the Cleveland Cavaliers. 368 games later, James became the
28. youngest person to score 10,000 points in his career. He did
made that at 23
29. years and 59 days. Today he is a proud owner host of a threestory mansion
30. in Miami and a family man. Is he going to retire? No, not just
yet.
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ACHIEVEMENT TEST ON ARTICLES
Part A. Choose the correct alternative.
1. The Atlantic Ocean lies between … Great Britain and … United
States.
A. the, the B. –, – C. –, the D. the, –
2. … hundred years ago … gold was discovered here.
A. a, a B. a, the C. a, – D. –, –
3. Paul has been in … bed with … cold all the week.
A. – , – B. the, a C. –, the D.–, a
4. The hotel serves … breakfast until 10 a.m.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
5. His death was announced in … Sunday Times.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
6. My parents have gone to … Indonesia.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
7. … Smiths, who used to live next door, have moved somewhere.
A. a B. an C. the D. –
8. This cheese costs 95p … pound.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
9. He was sent to … prison for twenty years.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
10. … France is … home of good cooking.
A. –, the B. –, – C. – , a D. the, the
11. We did our Christmas shopping in … Regent Street.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
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12. … Florence Nightingale nursed … sick during … Crimean War.
A. –, – , the B. –, the, – C. –, a, the D. –, the, the
13. I always wanted to learn to play … accordion.
A. – B. a C. the D. an
14. Climbers in … Himalayas have reported sightings of … strange
animal.
A. the, a B. –, a C. the, the D. the, –
15. … good movie is … very thing when you feel low.
A. a, the B. the, a C. the, -- D. a, a
16. When you go to … London don’t forget to visit … Westminster
Abbey and … Tower of London.
A. –, –, – B. –, the, the C. –, the, – D. –, –, the
17. … Cutty Sark was … famous tea clipper during … 19
th
century.
A. the, a, the B. –, a, the C. the, the, the D. the, a, –
18. …. British government had no comment to make on the situation.
A. – B. a C. the D.an
19. … Prince of Wales was married in … St Paul’s Cathedral.
A. the, the B. the, – C. –, – D. –, the
20. They raised $35,000 for … starving people of … Africa.
A. the, the B. the, – C. –, – D. –, the
Part B. In this text, A, AN and THE are sometimes used when
they should not be. Spot the mistakes in 21 –50.
THE TRIP
After months of doing hard work, I decided that I needed (21) a
break. I wanted to go on (22) a trip and I asked (23) a friend for (24)
an advice about where I could go. I really enjoy (25) the travel and I
love meeting people from (26) the other countries, which is always (27)
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a great fun. My friend said that I should go to Italy, which was (28) a
place I had never been to before. I got (29) an information about (30) the
train tickets and (31) the accommodation from (32) the Tourist Board
office and off I went. I traveled all over Italy and what (33) a fantastic
time I had! I really like (34) the pasta so I loved (35) the food there and
I like (36) the extrovert people so I made (37) the friends there everywhere I went. We talked about all kinds of (38) the things, like (39) the
life, (40) the love and (41) a lot of less serious subjects, too! I found the
countryside in Italy beautiful and (42) the cities I went to were amazing.
In particular, I will always remember (43) the atmosphere and (44) the
buildings in Venice – it’s (45) a place that makes (46) a big impression
on everyone who goes there. I’d love to go there every year — going on
(47) a trip like that is (48) the very idea of (49) the happiness for me. I’m
planning (50) the next one now.
Part C. Complete this text by fi lling the gaps with A or THE.
NEWSPAPERS IN BRITAIN
Every day lots of people in Britain read (51) … national newspaper.
Some have (52) … newspaper delivered to their home, while others buy
one from (53) … shop, usually a newsagent. (54) … paper that people
choose to read is (55) … paper which they feel corresponds with their
own interests, often with regard to their political opinions. There are basically two kinds of national newspaper in Britain: the ‘broadsheets’ and
the ‘tabloids’. Broadsheets focus on (56) … news and serious social matters; tabloids focus more on (57) … latest gossip and scandal concerning famous people. (58) … Sun, which is (59) … tabloid, is (60) …daily
newspaper with (61) … highest sales figures. Some people are critical of
(62) … approach taken by (63) … tabloids, saying that they have (64) …
bad effect on society. Nevertheless, (65) … fact that so many people buy
them shows theor unfailing popularity.
Part D. Replace the fragments in brackets with their English
equivalents.
66. Not many English people read Shakespeare (в оригинале) these
days.
67. I’m afraid you’ll have to answer this question (сразу же).
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68. Flowers always smell stronger (в сумерках).
69. We met (случайно) three years ago and have been friends ever
since.
70. You may not believe me but Emma told me about it (лично).
71. The employees accepted the award (от имени) of the manager.
72. I agreed with my colleagues (в определённой степени).
73. (Попробуй играть) at tennis, I’m sure you’ll like it.
74. He drank the medicine (одним глотком).
75. The work was finished (досрочно).
76. I can guarantee you that the car is (в полном порядке).
77. If I come on Saturday will you be (в городе)?
78. What did you buy with (остальные деньги)?
79. The wind subsided and the passengers went (на палубу) to enjoy
the view.
80. We saw a house (вдалеке) and hurried to reach it (до наступле-
ния темноты.)
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