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ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY __________________________________________________ 21
Read and learn by heart dialogue. Then act it out.
Bob: Hi! Did you have good holidays?
Mary: No, I didn’t have good holidays at all.
Bob: Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What was wrong?
Mary: You advised me to spend my holidays in
Yalta, didn’t you?
Bob: Yes, you are right.
Mary: You said that I would be met at the airport
and I wasn’t.
Bob: But the hotel was nice, wasn’t it?
Mary: No, it was not! You said it was very modern
but it wasn’t. You said that it had a swimming pool. It had... but it was empty.
Read and learn by heart dialogue. Then act it out.
Father: I think it would be lovely to get away from
Moscow. I’d like to go somewhere peaceful.
Jenny: How clever of you, Pa. Forget about the
country for a while. That’s an excellent
idea!
Father: Well, what about having a seaside holiday
in France?
Bob: Oh, dear. The weather was fine, wasn’t it.
And you could spend a lot of time on the
beach.
Mary: Yes, I could. You said that the hotel was
near the beach and I could walk to the sea
in two minutes.
Bob: Couldn’t you?
Mary: As far as I know you were in Yalta many
years ago, weren’t you? You remember nothing.
Bob: Yes, you are right. Next summer I’m going
to Yalta.
Jenny: I don’t really know. I think it’d be best to
go somewhere more interesting. I don’t
want to sit on a beach all day.
Father: How about Scotland?
Jenny: I think that’s a great idea. I could see a bit
of Britain and practise my English at the
same time.
My favourite book
and its author O. Henry
I’m fond of reading. In my opinion, reading is
very useful, because books enrich our experience
with that of other people. But some people think
that modern life is too fast to waste time on reading. I’m sure that a reader lives a richer life than
a non-reader. The time spent on a good book is
never wasted. Besides, books help me to continue
my own education. Books teach us what is right
and what is wrong. We can better understand the
world and people in it. I can’t imagine my life
without reading.
I’ve got a lot of books in my home library. There
are several books there that I like to read over
and over again. It depends on my mood which
one of them I choose. But there is one book that
I read very often. This book is O. Henry’s short
stories. These stories have wonderful plot twists,
surprise endings and deep insights into human
nature. I’d like to tell you some words about the
author of this book.
The real name of the writer was William Sydney Porter. He was born in the state of North
Carolina in 1862 in a family of a doctor. His
mother died of tuberculosis when he was three.
His father was an unsuccessful doctor and he
became an alcoholic. William was brought up by
his aunt. After finishing school at the age of 15,
he worked as a clerk in his uncle’s chemist’s shop
22 __________________________________________________ ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY
for five years. Then he went to Texas, because he
wanted to see new places. William tried working
on farms, some time later he found a job of
a clerk at an office. At last he got a job at a small
bank. During this period he studied languages
and became interested in literature.
Soon he got married, and when a daughter was
born, he was a happy husband and father. But
his happiness did not last long.
One day a thousand dollars was stolen from the
bank where he worked. William was afraid of
being suspected of theft and left the town. He
went to Central America, where he stayed for
some time. But when he heard that his wife was
very ill, he returned home and was put in prison
for three years.
Vocabulary
to be fond of smth. — увлекаться чем-либо
opinion [A'pInjAn] — мнение
useful [ju:sful] — полезный
enrich [In'rItS] — обогащать
experience [Iks'pIArIAns] — опыт (жизненый)
to be sure [SuA] — быть уверенным
to spend (spent, spent) — тратить, прово-
дить время
to waste [weIst] — терять (время)
to continue [kAn'tInju:] — продолжать
education [,edju:'keISAn] — образование
to teach [ti:tS] (taught, taught) — учить
wrong [rDN] — неправильный
to imagine [I'mBdZIn] — воображать, пред-
ставлять
to depend on — зависеть от
mood [mu:d] — настроение, расположение
духа
to choose [tSu:z] (chose, chosen) — выбирать
plot [plDt] — сюжет
twist [twIst] — поворот
surprise [sA'praIz] — сюрприз
insight ['InsaIt] — проницательность, пони-
мание
While he was in prison, his wife died. His little
daughter was taken up by relatives. William felt
very unhappy. One day he decided to write a story
and to get some money to buy a Christmas present
for his daughter. He signed the story “O. Henry.”
His story was published in 1899. In 1901 O.
Henry was released from prison and continued
writing short stories.
During the short period O. Henry wrote 273
short stories and one novel “Cabbages and Kings.”
O. Henry died in poverty on the 5
th
of June in
1910. His stories won great popularity all over
the world.
As for me, I’m a great lover of O. Henry’s stories. I read them in translation and have tried to
read in the original.
human nature — человеческая природа
author ['D:FA] — автор
tuberculosis [tju:,bA:kju'lAusIs] — туберкулез
unsuccessful [,EnsAk'sesful] — несчастливый,
неудачный
alcoholic [,BlkA'hDlIk] — алкоголик
to bring up [brIN Ep] — вскармливать, воспи-
тывать
chemist’s shop — аптека
happiness ['hBpInIs] — счастье
to steal — украсть
to be afraid of — бояться чего-либо
to suspect [sEs'pekt] — подозревать
theft [Feft] — воровство, кража
prison — тюрьма
to sign [saIn] — подписывать
to publish ['pEblIS] — публиковать
to release [rI'li:s] — освобождать (из заклю-
чения)
cabbage ['kBbIdZ] — капуста
to win (won, won [wEn]) — побеждать
popularity [,pDpju'lBrItI] — популярность
poverty ['pDvAtI] — бедность
original [A'rIdZAnl] — оригинал
Answer the questions.
1.Are you fond of reading?
2.In your opinion, is reading useful? Why?
3.Do you agree that a reader lives a richer life
than a non-reader?
4.Have you got a home library? Is you home library big or small?
5.Have you got books which you’ve read several
times? What are their titles?
6.Have you ever read short stories by O. Henry?
7.What do you know about the famous American writer O. Henry?
8.O. Henry was his pen-name, wasn’t it? What
was his real name?
9.Where and when was he born?
10.Why did his mother die when he was three?
11.What was his father? What happened to his father?
12.Who brought William up?
13.Where did William work after finishing school?
14.Why did he go to Texas?
15.Where did he try to work?
16.Where did William get a job at last?
ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY __________________________________________________ 23
17.What did William study during this period?
18.William was a happy husband and father, wasn’t
he? Why didn’t his happiness last long?
19.What was William afraid of? Where did he go?
20.Why did he return home?
21.How much time did he spend in prison?
22.What happened at home when William was in
prison?
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
David: Good afternoon. I’d like to exchange
books.
Librarian: Good afternoon. Very good. What book
are you returning?
David: Here it is.
Librarian: How did you like it?
David: It was fantastic! I enjoyed it very much.
Librarian: What would you like to take today?
David: I don’t know yet. Can you recommend
me something exciting?
23.Why did William begin to write his stories?
24.How did he sign his story?
25.When was his story published?
26.How many stories and novels did O. Henry
write?
27.When did O. Henry die?
28.Would you like to read O. Henry’s stories in the
original?
Librarian: If you like adventure stories I advise you
to read “Treasure ['treZA] Island” by
Robert ['rDbAt] Stevenson ['sti:vAnsn].
Have you read it?
David: No, not yet. But the title sounds promis-
ing.
Librarian: I highly recommend it. When I was a
schoolgirl I read it over and over. You
will like it, too.
David: Thank you for your good advice. I am
sure I shall like it.
My plans for the future
It’s rather difficult to choose a career or a future profession. There are lucky people who chose
their professions when they were children.
Many people continue the careers of their parents or grandparents. Usually pupil’s plans for
the future change many times during the school
years. There are so many people who influence
you in choosing your occupation. Parents and
friends play a very important role in your choice.
Teachers’ influence on pupils’ minds is also great.
The occupation you want to devote your life to
has to bring you satisfaction. It should be something you can do and you really want to do.
When you leave school you understand that the
time to choose your future profession has come. It’s
not an easy task to make the right choice of a job.
When I was a seventh former I dreamt of becoming a doctor. I thought it was a very noble
profession. I was good at Biology and Chemistry.
I wanted to help people who had problems with
their health. I understood that it was necessary to
study a lot to become a doctor. My mother and my
grandmother are doctors. My grandfather works
as a surgeon in a hospital. I have been at the hospital several times and spent some time watching
his work. I wanted to continue the careers of my
mother and my grandfather.
Now I have already decided what to do. I’d like
to be a teacher of English.
My favourite subject is English. And I think it
is my teacher who made it so. I understand the
importance of knowledge of a foreign language.
I always remember these famous words: “He who
doesn’t know a foreign language, doesn’t know
his own.” I know that it’s very difficult to become
a good teacher. A teacher has to know how to
teach, how to make difficult things understandable, how to get students interested in the subject. I think the ideal teacher is the one who can
combine all these. My teacher of English is just
like that. She is a great specialist and also a nice
person.
As John Steinbeck once said, a great teacher is
a great artist and you know how few great artists
there are in the world. I hope I’ll be able to become a good teacher.
24 __________________________________________________ ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY
Vocabulary
to choose (chose, chosen) [tSu:z] — выбирать
career [kA'rIA] — карьера
to continue [kAn'tInju:] — продолжать
to influence ['InfluAns] — влиять
occupation [,Dkju'peISAn] — профессия
role [rAul] — роль
choice [tSDIs] — выбор
mind [maInd] — мнение, взгляд, разум
to devote [dI'vAut] — посвящать
satisfaction [,sBtIs'fBkSAn] — удовлетворение
to dream (dreamt, dreamt) [dri:m] —
мечтать
noble ['nAubl] — благородный
health [helF] — здоровье
necessary ['nAsIsArI] — необходимый
to decide — решать
surgeon ['sA:dZAn] — хирург
importance — важность
knowledge ['nDlIdZ] — знание
foreign ['fDrIn] — иностранный
language ['lBNMwIdZ] — язык (речь)
understandable — понятный
ideal [aI'dIAl] — идеальный, совершенный
to combine [kAm'baIn] — сочетать
specialist ['speSAlIst] — специалист
person [,pA:sA'n] — личность
trait [treIt] — черта характера
responsibility [rIs,pDnsI'bIlItI] — ответствен-
ность
attentive [A'tAntIv] — внимательный
Answer the questions. Then write the topic “My plans for the future.”
1.It’s rather difficult to choose a future profession, isn’t it?
2.Have you chosen your future profession yet?
What is it?
3.Did you choose your career when you were a
child?
4.Do you want to continue the career of your
parents or grandparents?
5.Did your plans for the future change many times
during your school years?
6.Who influenced you in choosing your occupation?
7.Who played a very important role in your
choice?
8.Was your teachers’ influence on your mind
great?
9.Is your future profession something you really
want to do?
10.Are you sure you made the right choice of a
job? Why?
11.Is it a noble profession?
12.Have you ever dreamt of becoming a doctor?
13.What is your favourite subject?
14.Are you good at Biology and Chemistry?
15.Do you know it’s necessary to study a lot to
become a doctor?
16.Do you want to help people who have problems with thier health?
17.Which of your parents or relatives is a doctor?
18.Where does he (she) work?
19.In your opinion, is profession of a doctor connected with great responsibility?
20.Have you ever seen a doctor work?
21.A doctor must be a kind and attentive person,
mustn’t he?
22.What do you think, is it pleasant to see a person healthy again?
23.Have you ever wanted to be a teacher of English?
24.Is English your favourite subject?
25.Do you understand the importance of knowledge of a foreign language?
26.What traits must a good teacher have?
27.What difficulties of the teaching profession do
you know?
28.Are you sure you’ll be able to become a good
teacher?
29.What other occupations have you ever dreamt of?
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
Tom: Steve, you used to be the best basketball
player in Spain. Are you going to come back
and play again?
Steve: Oh no, I’m not.
Tom: Why not?
Steve: Well, basketball used to be the most impor-
tant thing in my life but it isn’t any more.
Tom: How many years did you train?
Steve: For eight years.
Tom: Why has your life changed, Steve?
Steve: I’ve graduated from the university recently.
I don’t need to play basketball now.
Tom: Where do you work?
Steve: Oh, I can stay up late and eat what I want.
I’m a manager of the shipbuilding company.
Tom: What a pity! You were a very good basket-
baller.
The Russian Federation
26 _______________________________________________________ THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The Russian Federation
The Russian Federation is the largest country
in the world. Russia is situated on two continents:
Europe and Asia. It occupies about one-seventh of
the earth’s surface. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometres. The country is surrounded
12 seas and 3 oceans. The Arctic Ocean borders
Russia in the north. The Pacific Ocean borders
Russia in the east. Russia is bordered by the Black
Sea in the south and by the Baltic Sea in the west.
In the south Russia borders on China, Mongolia,
Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the
west it borders on Norway, Finland, the Baltic
States, Belorussia, the Ukraine. It also has a seaborder with the USA.
There are different types of climate in different
regions of the country. The climate is arctic in
the north of the country. The climate is subtropical in the south of Russia. In the middle of the
country the climate is temperate and continental.
There are two great plains in Russia: the Great
Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland.
There are several mountain chains on the territory of the country: the Urals, the Caucasus, the
Altai and others. The largest mountain chain is
the Urals. It separates Europe from Asia.
There are over two million rivers in Russia. The
longest river is the Volga. The Volga flows into
the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers are the
Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena. They flow from the
south to the north. The Amur in the Far East
flows into the Pacific Ocean.
Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. Lake Baikal
(1600 metres) is the deepest lake in the world.
Russia has one-sixth of the world’s forests. They
are concentrated in the European north of the
country, in Siberia and in the Far East.
Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural
gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.
The population of Russia is about 150 million
people. The capital of Russia is Moscow. Moscow
was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruki. Moscow is
the largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities.
Russia is a parliamentary republic. The Head of
State is the President. The legislative powers are exercised by the Duma. At present, the political and
economic situation in the country is rather complicated. But in spite of the problems Russia is facing at
present, there are a lot of opportunities for Russia to
become one of the leading countries in the world.
I’m sure Russia has great past and promising future.
Names
the Russian Federation [fedA'reISn] — Рос-
сийская Федерация
Europe ['ju:ArAp] — Европа
Asia ['eISA] — Азия
the Pacific Ocean [pA'sIfIk 'AuSn] — Тихий океан
the Arctic Ocean ['C:ktIk 'AuSn] — Северный
Ледовитый океан
the Black Sea ['blBk si:] — Черное море
the Baltic Sea ['bD:ltIk si:] — Балтийское море
China ['tSaInA] — Китай
Mongolia [mDN'MAulIA] — Монголия
Korea [kAu'rIA] — Корея
Kazakhstan [kC:zC:h'stC:n] — Казахстан
Georgia ['dZD:dZjA] — Грузия
Azerbaijan [C:,zA:baI'dZC:n] — Азербайджан
Norway ['nD:weI] — Норвегия
Finland ['fInlAnd] — Финляндия
the Baltic ['bD:ltIk] States — Прибалтийские
государства
Belorussia [,belAu'rESA] — Беларусь
the Ukraine [ju:'kreIn] — Украина
the Great Russian Plain — Русская (Вос-
точно-Европейская) равнина
the West Siberian [saI'bIArIAn] Lowland —
Западно-Сибирская низменность
the Urals ['juArelz] — Уральские горы
the Caucasus ['kD:kAsAs] — Кавказ
the Altai [El'taI] — Алтай
the Volga ['vDlMA] — Волга
the Caspian Sea ['kBspIAn si:] — Каспийское
море
the Ob [D:b] — Обь
the Yenisei [jenI'seI] — Енисей
the Lena — Лена
the Amur [A'muA] — Амур
the Far East — Дальний Восток
Lake Baikal [baI'kC:l] — озеро Байкал
Siberia [saI'bIArIA] — Сибирь
Yuri Dolgoruki — Юрий Долгорукий
the Duma — Дума
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION _______________________________________________________ 27
Vocabulary
to occupy ['DkjupaI] — занимать
surface ['sA:fIs] — поверхность
total area ['tAutl 'LArIA] — общая площадь
square [skwLA] — квадратный
kilometre ['kIlA,mi:tA] — километр
to wash — омывать
to border on ['bD:dA] on — граничить с
sea border — морская граница
subtropical [,sEb'trDpIkl] — субтропический
temperate ['tempArIt] — умеренный
continental [,kDntI'nentl] — континентальный
chain [tSeIn] — цепь
to separate ['sepAreIt] — разделять
to flow ['flAu] into — впадать в
to concentrate ['kDnsAntreIt] — сосредо-
тачиваться, концентрироваться
oil [DIl] — нефть
coal [kAul] — уголь
iron ore ['aIAn D:] — железная руда
natural ['nBtSrAl] gas — природный газ
Answer the questions.
1.Where is the Russian Federation situated?
2.What part of the earth’s surface does the Russian Federation occupy?
3.What is the total area of the country?
4.What seas and oceans is the country washed
by?
5.What countries does Russia border on?
6.What is the climate like in Russia?
7.What great plains are there in Russia?
8.What mountain chains are there in Russia?
9.What is the largest mountain chain in Russia?
10.What mountain chain separates Russia from
Asia?
11.How many rivers are there in Russia?
12.What is the longest river in the country?
13.Where does the Volga flow?
14.What are the main Siberian rivers?
15.Where do the Ob, the Yenisei, the Lena flow?
copper ['kDpA] — медь
nickel ['nIkl] — никель
mineral resources [rI'sD:sIz] — полезные ис-
копаемые
to found [faund] — основывать
scientific [,saIAn'tIfIk] — научный
cultural ['kEltSArAl] — культурный
industrial [In'dEstrIAl] — индустриальный
parliamentary [,pC:lA'mentrI] republic —
парламентская республика
legislative [,ledZIs'leItIv] — законодательный
powers ['pauAz] — полномочия
to exercise ['eksesaIz] — осуществлять, вы-
полнять
complicated ['kDmplIkeItId] — сложный,
запутанный
in spite of — несмотря на
opportunity [,DpA'tju:nItI] — возможность
to promise ['prDmIs] — обещать, подавать
надежды
16.Is Russia rich in lakes?
17.What is the deepest lake in the world?
18.Russia is rich in forests, isn’t it?
19.What part of the world’s forests does Russia
have?
20.Where are the forests of Russia concentrated?
21.What mineral resources is the Russian Federation rich in?
22.What is the population of Russia?
23.What is the capital of Russia?
24.When was Moscow founded?
25.Who founded Moscow?
26.Is Russia a parliamentary republic?
27.Who rules the country?
28.What is the political and economic situation in
the country now?
29.Do you believe that Russia has promising future?
Put in the missing words according to the text.
1.There are several mountain ... on the territory
of Russia.
2.In the middle of the country the climate is ...
and continental.
3.Russia occupies about one-seventh of the earth’s
... .
4.Lake Baikal (1600 metres) is ... lake in the
world.
5.Moscow is the largest political, ... , cultural and
industrial centre.
6.But ... the problems Russia is facing at present,
it has promising future.
7.There are different ... of climate in different regions of the country.
8.Russia has ... of the world's forests.
28 _______________________________________________________ THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Read the beginning of the sentence and find its end in the text.
1.The country is washed by ... .
2.The largest mountain chain is ... .
3.Russia is a parliamentary ... .
4.The forests of Russia are concentrated
in ... .
5.Moscow was founded ... .
6.Russia also has a sea-border with ... .
7.The Urals separate ... .
8.The Amur in the Far East flows into ... .
9.There are a lot of opportunities for Russia to
become ... .
10.The longest river of Russia is ... .
Choose the correct verb for each blank.
borders, are exercised, separates, is facing, was founded, flow, are concentrated, is situated
1.The legislative powers ... by the Duma.
2.Russia ... on two continents: Eroupe and Asia.
3.In the west Russia ... on Norway, Finland, the
Baltic States, Belorussia, the Ukraine.
4.Russia ... Europe from Asia.
5.Moscow ... in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruki.
6.But in spite of the problems Russia ... at present,
it has promising future.
7.The Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena ... from the
south to the north.
8.The forests of Russia ... in the European north
of the country, in Siberia and in the Far East.
Choose the correct item.
1.There ... over two million rivers in Russia.
is, are, were
2.Russia ... by the Black Sea in the south and the
Baltic Sea in the West.
is situated, separates, is washed
3.I’m sure Russia ... great past and promising future.
has, was, flows
4.The Pacific Ocean ... Russia in the east.
is, washes, is facing
5.The political and economic situation in Rus-
sia ... .
is complicated, was founded, has
6.The Amur in the Far East ... into the Pacific
Ocean.
is, flows, occupies
Read the first part of the sentence in A and find the second part in B.
A
1.It is the actic climate ...
2.There are two great plains in Russia ...
3.In the south Russia borders on ...
4.Russia is rich in ...
5.The main Siberian rivers are ...
6.The population of Russia is ...
7.In the west Russia borders on ...
8.Russia is situated on two continents: ...
9.In the middle of the country the climate is ...
10.The Urals separate ...
... oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and
other mineral resources.
... Europe and Asia.
... China, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and
Azerbaijan.
... about 150 million people.
... Europe from Asia.
... the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian
Lowland.
... temperate and continental.
... the Ob, the Yenisei, and the Lena.
... in the north of the country.
... Norway, Finland, the Baltic States, Belorussia and
the Ukraine.
B
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION _______________________________________________________ 29
Agree or disagree.
1.Russia occupies about one-ninth of the earth’s
surface.
2.The largest mountain chain is the Caucasus.
3.There are two million rivers in Russia.
4.The Head of State is the Duma.
5.The Actic Ocean washes Russia in the south.
6.The total area of Russia is about 17 million
square kilometres.
7.Russia doesn’t have a sea border with the USA.
8.The Volga flows into the Black Sea.
Read and learn it by heart. Role play the dialogue.
The teacher of P. E.: Everybody should do sports and do morning exercises regu-
larly to be in good form. If you don’t do your morning exercises
regularly, it is bad for your health, you may get fat.
Nick: I’m afraid I’m getting fat.
The teacher of P. E.: You can play football, basketball, volleyball, hockey...
Nick: I like to watch football on TV but not to play myself. I think I’m
too old to become a good sportsman.
The teacher of P. E.: It’s never too late to start. There are a lot of possibilities for those
who want to do sport.
Nick: I’ll join our school football team next week.
The teacher of P. E.: Don’t put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
Nick: All right.
Translate from Russian into English.
1.Уральские горы отделяют Европу от Азии.
2.У России есть много возможностей стать
одной из ведущих стран мира.
3.Россия очень богата нефтью, углем, железной рудой, природным газом, медью, никелем и другими полезными ископаемыми.
4.Волга впадает в Каспийское море.
5.Тихий океан омывает Россию на востоке.
6.Россия занимает около одной седьмой земной поверхности.
7.Экономическая ситуация в России довольно сложная.
30 _______________________________________________________ THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Moscow
Moscow is the capital of Russia. It is its political, economic, commercial and cultural centre. Moscow was founded in 1147 by Prince
Yuri Dolgoruky. Prince Yuri Dolgoruky (Prince
Long Arms) was the Russian Prince of Vladimir
and Suzdal. Prince Yuri Dolgoruky had many
fights with other Russian princes and soon he
became Prince of Kiev. Kiev was the capital of
Russia.
Gradually Moscow became more and more
powerful. In the 13
th
century Moscow was the
centre of the struggle of Russian lands for the
liberation from the Tartar yoke. In the 16
th
century under Ivan the Terrible Moscow became the
capital of the state.
In 1712 the Russian King, Tsar Peter the Great,
moved the Russian capital to St. Petersburg, but
Moscow remained the heart of Russia. That’s why
Moscow became the main target of Napoleon’s
attack. Three-quarters of the city was destroyed
by fire during Napoleon’s occupation. Moscow
had been completely restored by the mid-19
century. In 1918 Moscow became the capital
again.
Now Moscow is one of the largest cities in the
world. It is situated on seven hills. Its total area
is about nine hundred square kilometres. The
population of the city is over 8 million.
Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in
the world. There are a lot of beautiful palaces,
old mansions, cathedrals, churches and monuments in Moscow. The heart of Moscow is Red
Square. The main Kremlin Tower, the Spaskaya
Tower, has become the symbol of Russia. There
are great old cathedrals and historical monuments
on the territory of the Kremlin. They are the Bell
Tower of Ivan the Great, the Tzar-Cannon and
the Tzar-Bell, the biggest cannon and bell in the
world. St. Basil’s Cathedral was built in the mid-
th
16
century in memory of the victory over Kazan.
There is a legend that Ivan the Terrible blinded
the architects Barma and Postnik, because they
didn’t want them to create another masterpiece.
There are more than 80 museums in Moscow.
The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum
of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery.
Moscow is famous for its theatres. The Bolshoi
th
Opera House is one of the best theatres in the
world.
Moscow is the centre of the political life of
Russia. It is the seat of the Russian Parliament
(the Duma).
Names
Moscow ['mDskAu] — Москва
Prince [prIns] Yuri Dolgoruky — Князь Юрий Долгорукий
Tsar [zC: (tsC:)] Peter the Great — Царь Петр Великий (Петр I)
Napoleon [nA'pAulIAn] — Наполеон
the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great — Колокольня Ивана Великого
the Tzar-Cannon ['zC: (tsC:) 'kBnAn] — Царь-пушка
the Tzar-Bell ['zC: (tsC:) 'bel] — Царь-колокол
St. Basil’s Cathedral [sAnt 'bBzlz kAF'i:drAl] — собор Василия Блаженного
Kazan [kA'zBn] — Казань
Ivan the Terrible [aIvnGA'terIbl] — Иван Грозный
Barma ['bC:mA] — Барма
Postnik ['pAustnIk] — Постник
the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts — Музей Изобразительных искусств им. Пушкина
the State Tretyakov Gallery ['tretjAkDf 'MBlerI] — Государственная Третьяковская галерея
the Bolshoi [,bDl'SDI] Opera House — Большой театр оперы и балета
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