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Файл:Английский язык для школьников и абитуриентов топики, упражнения, диалоги
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ALL AROUND YOU ______________________________________________________________ 151
Names
Olympia [Au'lImpjA] — Олимпия
Zeus [zju:s] — Зевс
the Roman Emperor Theodosius ['rAumAn 'empArA 'FIA'dAusIAs] — римский император
Феодосий
Baron Pierre de Coubertin [pI'LA dA,ku:bA'tBN] — барон Пьер де Кубертен
Athens ['BFInz] — г. Афины
the International Olympic Commitee — Международный олимпийский комитет
Lausanne [lAu'zBn] — Лозанна
Switzerland — Швейцария
Vocabulary
friendship — дружба
cooperation — сотрудничество
among [A'mEN] — среди
to interlink — тесно связывать, сцеплять
ancient ['eInSAnt] — древний
to hold (held, held) — проводить
honour ['DnA] — честь
to include [In'klu:d] — включать, содержать
в себе
oratory ['DrAtArI] — красноречие, риторика
performance [pA'fD:mAns] — представление,
спектакль
wrestling ['reslIN] — борьба (спорт)
athlete ['BFli:t] — атлет
to compete [kAm'pi:t] — соревноваться
to allow [A'lCu] — позволять
Answer the questions.
1.What does the Olympic idea mean?
2.What is the Olympic emblem? Why?
3.When and where did the Olympic Games begin?
4.Where and how often did they take place in
ancient Greece?
5.Why were the ancient Games held?
6.How many kinds of sports did the Games include?
7.What other competitions did the Games include?
8.What cities sent their best athlets to Olympia
to compete in the Games?
9.Could women take part or watch the games?
10.When were the games officially ended? Why?
11.Who had an idea to bring the Olympic Games
back to life in 1894?
12.Where and when were the first modern Olympic Games held?
pagan ['peIMAn] — языческий
meaning ['mi:nIN] — смысл
to host [hAust] — размещать, принимать
to set up — организовывать, основывать
policy-making — определяющий курс
movement ['mu:vmAnt] — движение
to form [fD:m] — формировать
representative [,repI'zentAtIv] — представитель
to take part — принимать участие
participant [pC:'tIsIpAnt] — участник
to join [dZDIn] — присоединяться
to win (won, won) — победить, выиграть
health [helF] — здоровье
peace [pi:s] — мир
BC (before Christ) — до нашей эры
AD (anno Domini) — нашей эры
13.Why did the International Olympic Committee
decide to hold the first modern Olympic Games
in Greece?
14.What and how many countries are represented
in the International Olympic Committee?
15.What does this committee decide upon?
16.Where is the IOC situated?
17.Where and when was the second Olympiad
held?
18.How often are the Winter Games held? When
did they begin to take place?
19.When did Russia join the Olympic movement?
20.When did Moscow host the Olympic Games?
How many medals did the Russian sportsmen
win during those Games?
21.Have you ever seen the Olympic Games or watched
them on TV?
22.Do you want to take part in these competitions?
152 ______________________________________________________________ ALL AROUND YOU
Read the end of the sentence and find its beginning in the text.
1.... had an idea to bring the Olympic Games back
to life.
2.... for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia.
3.... among the people of the world.
4.... which take part in the Olympic Games.
5.... medals during those Games.
6.... Greece was the right place to host the first
Olympic Games.
7.... to compete or watch the games.
8.... because there are five continents.
Put in the missing words according to the text.
1.It is the central ... body of the Olympic movement.
2.They also included competitions in music, ...
and theatre performances as well.
3.The Olympic Games are the holiday of ..., ...
and ... .
4.The ancient Games were held in ... of Zeus, the
most important god for ancient Greeks.
5.In 394 A.D. the Games were officially ended by
the Roman ... Theodosius.
6.It is formed by ... of all the countries.
7.The Olympic emblem is five ... rings.
8.They included many different kinds of sports:
running, boxing, ... and so on.
9.Russia joined the Olympic ... in 1952.
Choose the correct verb for each blank.
joined, were allowed, sent, is situated, was set up, were held, means, took place
1.In 1896 the first modern Olympic Games ... in
Athens.
2.This Committee ... in 1896.
3.All the cities in Greece ... their best athletes to
Olympia to compete in the Games.
4.The Olympic idea ... friendship and cooperation among the people of the world.
5.The International Olympic Committee (IOC) ...
in Lausanne, Switzerland.
6.Russia ... the Olympic movement in 1952.
7.Only men ... to compete or watch the games.
8.They ... every four years for nearly twelve centuries at Olympia.
Find in the text the historical event corresponding to the date.
1.1896
2.776BC
3.1952
4.1900
5.1894
6.1980
7.AD394
8.1926
9.1994
Read and learn it by heart. Role play the dialogue.
Betty: We’ve been touring Russia for about two
weeks and I must say it’s a very, very large
country.
Dan: Yes, you are right. I’ve read that the terri-
tory of Russia is about 34 times larger than
that of France.
Betty: Yes, in fact it’s the largest country in the
world and very rich in coal, iron ore, oil,
gas and all the elements of the Mendeleyev
Periodical Table.
Dan: What do you think are the main economic
problems in Russia today?
Betty: Oh, there are plenty of them. Take the prob-
lem of monopolism in industry, for example.
Dan: And how are they going to solve it?
Betty: Well, first they have to change the laws and
Dan: What is the political structure of Russia? Is
Betty: Russia is a union of regions and territories,
Dan: Thanks. I’ve learnt a lot of interesting
introduce a new tax-collecting system.
it a federation or a unitary state as Britain,
for example?
on the one hand, and autonomous republics each representing a certain ethnic group
(nationality), on the other hand.
things. By the way, I’m going to Russia soon
too.
ALL AROUND YOU ______________________________________________________________ 153
Health
Good health is above wealth. If our body suffers from any disorder, our mind suffers from it
too and we can’t be happy.
The ancient Greeks knew the value of good
health. They even named one goddess Hygeia,
which means the goddess of health. Hygeia was
the daughter of Asclepius, the god of medicine.
The Greeks prayed to her to give them good
health.
The Romans spoke of health in a famous proverb: “A healthy mind in a healthy body.”
In addition to physical health, an understanding of mental health is also important.
Therefore if we want to feel well we should keep
Names
Hygeia [haI'dZi:A] — Гигиея
Asclepius [Ask'li:pjAs] — Асклепий
Vocabulary
our body in perfect order. There are certain laws
of keeping fit. They are so simple that even
a little child can learn them.
We should spend a lot of time in the fresh air.
Especially children should spend about two or
three hours a day in the fresh air. Fresh air is very
important for good health. Every day rooms
should be properly cleaned and aired in our
houses. If we want to keep fit we should take
regular exercises and take a cool or cold shower.
Never smoke is the main rule. It is also very important to get up early and go to bed early. If we
want to be healthy we should eat only healthy
food rich in vitamins.
to suffer ['sEfA] — страдать
disorder [dIs'D:dA] — расстройство
mind [mCInd] — разум
ancient ['eInSAnt] — древний
value ['vBlju:] — ценность
to name — называть
goddess ['MDdIs] — богиня
health [helF] — здоровье
to pray [preI] to — молиться кому-либо
to add — добавлять
mental ['mentl] — умственный, психический
Answer the questions.
1.In your opinion, can we be happy if our body
suffers from any disorder? Why/Why not?
2.What should we do to feel well?
3.What laws of keeping fit do you know?
4.Is it difficult for you to do morning exercises
every day? Do you do it every day? How long
does it take you to do exercises in the morning
and in the evening? Where do you usually do
these exercises? Do you always take a shower
after doing morning exercises? Is it a cold or
warm shower?
to feel (felt, felt) — чувствовать
perfect ['pA:fIkt] — совершенный, идеальный
order ['D:dA] — порядок
certain ['sA:tn] — определенный
law [lD:] — закон
to keep fit — быть бодрым и здоровым
simple — простой
especially [Is'peSAlI] — особенно
properly ['prDpAlI] — должным образом
to air [LA] — проветривать
rich [rItS] — богатый
5.Do you know that you should air your room
several times a day and especially before going
to bed? Do you remember about it? Do you
always do it?
6.In your opinion, what are the main rules we
must keep to feel well?
7.What did the Romans say about health? Do you
agree with the proverb “A healthy mind in a
healthy body”? Why?
8.What do you know about the Greek goddess of
health? What was her name? Whose daughter
was she? Why did the Greeks pray to her?
154 ______________________________________________________________ ALL AROUND YOU
Listen to the dialogue. Then read and learn it by heart. Role play the dialogue.
Doctor: What troubles you?
Patient: I’m quite unwell. I feel sort of feverish.
Doctor: Any pain?
Patient: Yes. I’ve a bad cough.
Doctor: Have you taken your temperature?
Patient: Yes, I have.
Doctor: What’s your temperature?
Patient: I’ve been running a high temperature
since yesterday evening. Today it is 38,0.
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
Ann: May I come in?
Kate: Yes, please. Come in, Ann.
Ann: Well, what’s the matter with you, Kate? Can
I help you?
Kate: No, you can’t. I’m so tired and ill. I can’t
speak.
Ann: You can’t speak? That’s bad. Can I see your
throat? Open your mouth, Kate.
Kate: Mmm...
Doctor: Please strip to the waist. I’m going to listen to
your chest. Very well. Let me see your tongue.
It’s rather coated. You can get dressed.
Patient: Should I take any medicine?
Doctor: Certainly. Here are prescriptions for you.
Patient: Thank you, doctor.
Doctor: In a week you’ll have your blood-count
taken. If you are not better, call me immediately.
Ann: Your throat is all right. Now, what about
your temperature?
Kate: My temperature is normal. I have an awful
headache. Give me some pills, please.
Ann: Oh, Kate, you shouldn’t take so many pills.
How many pills have you already taken,
Kate?
Kate: Oh, five or six. I can’t remember, really.
Ann: It’s very dangerous. I think you should go
to bed and sleep a little.
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
At the chemist’s
Mary: Good afternoon.
Assistant: Good afternoon. Can I help you?
Mary: Yes. I have a bad cough. Can you make
up this prescription, please?
Assistant: Just a moment. Can I have a look at it?
Yes, but it’ll be ready tomorrow evening.
Mary: What a pity! What shall I do?
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
Doctor: What’s the matter with you, young lady?
Tell me what the trouble is.
Nelly: I’ve got a terrible headache, doctor.
Doctor: What about your appetite? Are you eat-
ing well?
Nelly: I don’t want anything, doctor. I didn’t
have a bite yesterday.
Doctor: You’ve got the flu. Here’s a prescription.
Pleace, get the medicine at the chemist’s.
Assistant: Well, try these tablets. Take two every
three hours. And drink hot tea with
honey and raspberry jam.
Mary: Thank you very much. How much is it?
Assistant: Two pounds please.
Mary: Here it is. Oh, what about my prescrip-
tion? Shall I pay now or tomorrow for
this medicine?
Assistant: Tomorrow’ll be all right.
Nelly: Thank you, doctor. How often do I have
to take the medicine?
Doctor: Take the pills three times a day after
meals. And of course you should stay in
bed.
Nelly: All right, doctor.
Doctor: Do all that I told you to do and come and
see me on Friday. Good-bye.
Nelly: Good-bye, doctor, thank you very much.
ALL AROUND YOU ______________________________________________________________ 155
Environmental protection
People have always polluted their surroundings.
But until now pollution was not such a serious
problem. With the development of crowded industrial cities the problem has become much more
important. The most serious environmental problems are pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution), noise
from cars, buses, planes, destruction of wildlife
and others.
Air pollution is a very serious problem. One of
the most alarming forms of air pollution is acid
rain. Acid rain is killing forests in Canada, the
USA and central and northern Europe. In the USA
1 in 5 lakes suffers from this type of pollution.
One of the most important problems is depletion of the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects
the earth from the sun’s ultraviolet rays. The
ozone layer is being damaged by chlorofluorocarbons. They are released by the daily use of
industrial and household products, such as refrigerators, air conditioners and so on. Depletion
of the ozone layer increases the risk of skin cancer, weakens the immune system of people.
The seas are in danger. They are filled with
poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical
fertilisers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is
already nealy dead, the North Sea is following.
The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction.
Another problem is destruction of the tropical
forest. It has a major impact on the world climate. The tropical rain forest is a natural protector for our planet. It recycles carbon, nitrogen
and oxygen, helps determine temperature, rainfall and other climatic conditions,
An even greater environmental threat is nuclear
power stations. After the Chernobyl accident
Belarus has become the zone of the ecological
disaster. The Chernobyl catastrophe has affected
the destinies of millions of people.
If people want to survive they must solve these
problems quickly. Some progress has already been
made. 159 countries — members of the UN have
set up environmental protection agencies. They
hold conferences discussing ecological problems
and take practical urgent measures to avoid ecological catastrophe. There are numerous public organisations such as Greenpeace. They are doing
much to preserve environment.
Vocabulary
environment [In'vCIArAnmAnt] — окружающая
среда
protection — защита
surroundings [sA'rCundINz] — окружение
development — развитие
crowded ['krCudId] — переполненный
nuclear ['nju:klIA] — ядерный
pollution — загрязнение
noise [nDIz] — шум
destruction — разрушение
alarming [A'lC:mIN] — тревожный
acid rain ['BsId reIn] — кислотный дождь
to suffer ['sEfA] from — страдать от
depletion [dI'pli:SAn] — истощение
ozone ['AuzAun] — озон
layer ['leIA] — слой
to protect — защищать
ultraviolet [,EltrA'vCIAlIt] — ультрафиолетовый
ray [reI] — луч
to damage ['dBmIdZ] — портить, наносить
ущерб
chlorofluorocarbons ['klD:rA'fluArA'kC:bAnz] —
хлорфторуглеводы
to release [rI'li:s] — выбрасывать
refrigerator [rI'frIdZAreItA] — холодильник
conditioner [kAn'dISAnA] — кондиционер
to increase [In'kri:s] — возрастать
skin — кожа
cancer ['kBnsA] — рак
to weaken ['wi:kn] — ослаблять
immune [I'mju:n] — имунная
danger ['deIndZA] — опасность
to fill — заполнять
waste [weIst] — отходы
chemical ['kemIkAl] — химический
fertiliser ['fA:tIlCIzA] — удобрение
pesticide ['pestIsCId] — пестицид
the Mediterranean Sea [,medItAreInjAn 'si:] —
Средиземное море
to die [dCI] — умирать
following — следующий
the Aral ['C:rAl] Sea — Аральское море
brink — край (обрыва, пропасти)
extinction [Iks'tINkSAn] — вымирание
major ['meIdZA] — большой
impact ['ImpBkt] — влияние
to recycle [rI'sCIkl] — перерабатывать
carbon ['kC:bAn] — углерод
156 ______________________________________________________________ ALL AROUND YOU
Vocabulary
nitrogen ['nCItrIdZAn] — азот
oxygen ['DksIdZAn] — кислород
to determine [dI'tA:mIn] — определять
rainfall ['reInfD:l] — количество осадков
even ['i:vAn] — еще
threat [Fret] — угроза
power station — атомная станция
accident ['BksIdAnt] — катастрофа
disaster [dI'zC:stA] — бедствие
catastrophe [kA'tBstrAfI] — катастрофа
Answer the questions.
1.In your opinion, is pollution a very serious
problem nowadays?
2.Why has this problem become more important
now?
3.What forms of pollution do you know?
4.What do you know about acid rains? What
suffers from this type of pollution?
5.What do you know about the depletion of the
ozone layer?
6.What does the ozone layer protect?
7.Why is the ozone layer being damaged?
8.Why are the ozone “holes” dangerous for the
life on the Earth?
9.Why do we say that the seas are in danger?
10.What seas are in danger?
to affect [A'fekt] — действовать, влиять
destiny ['destInI] — судьба
to survive [sA'vCIv] — выживать
to solve [sDlv] — решать
research [rI'sA:tS] — (научное) исследование
urgent ['A:dZAnt] — срочный
measure — мера
to avoid — избежать
numerous — многочисленный
to preserve — сохранять
11.What is the natural protector for our planet?
What do you know about the destruction of
the tropical forest?
12.In you opinion, are nuclear power stations dangerous? Nuclear power stations can cause a lot
of trouble, can’t they? Why? What have you
read or heard about the Chernobyl catastrophe?
13.Which in your opinion is the most serious ecological problem?
14.Why should people solve ecological problems
as soon as possible?
15.What have people done in this direction?
16.What public organisations do you know which
do much to preserve environment?
Read and learn by heart the dialogue. Then act it out.
Bessy: It’s an interesting world we live in,
isn’t it.
Linda: Yes, indeed. We fly to other planets and
discover old manuscripts.
Bessy: We build, build and build...
Linda: ...and pollute our beautiful planet.
Bessy: Yes. When I went with my parents to the
seaside last summer, I was surprised to see
that the water was not blue but brown with
rubbish floating in it.
Linda: Besides, millions of tons of oil are released
into the sea every year.
Bessy: We can only imagine how many seabirds
and animals die because of it.
Linda: And those ozone holes...
Bessy: I think people will be able to solve this
problem.
Linda: Let’s stop using our aerosol spray right now.
Bessy: That’s a great idea!
ALL AROUND YOU ______________________________________________________________ 157
Contents
Предисловие . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY
About myself and my family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Our flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
My friends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
My working day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
My school life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
My school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Winter holidays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Summer holidays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
My favourite book and its author O. Henry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
My plans for the future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The Russian Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Moscow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
St. Petersburg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Theatres in St. Petersburg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Holidays in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Seasons in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Sports in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Mikhael Lomonosov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
THE UNITED KINGDOM
The United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
The history of Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
London . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Places to visit in London . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Theatres in London . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
William Shakespeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Robert Burns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
James Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Agatha Christie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Holidays in Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
British customs and traditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
British meals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Education in Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
The English year and weather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Sports is Great Britain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
The United States of America (The USA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
The history of the USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Christopher Columbus. The discovery of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Political system of the USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
George Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Washington D. C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Holidays in the USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
Mark Twain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
OTHER COUNTRIES
Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
New Zealand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
ALL AROUND YOU
The English language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Travelling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Theatre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Newspapers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Television . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Cinema . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Music in our life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Hobbies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Shopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Olympic Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Health . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Environmental protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
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И АБИТУРИЕНТОВ
Топики, упражнения, диалоги
Техническое редактирование и верстка Н.А.Платоновой
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Иллюстрации С. И. Ващенок
Издательство «КАРО», ЛР № 065644
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Отпечатано в типографии «КАРО»
1
8
М. А. Гацкевич, Д. Уильямс
LEARN ENGLISH BY DISCUSSION
ПРАКТИКУМ
ПО РАЗГОВОРНОМУ АНГЛИЙСКОМУ
Материалы предлагаемого пособия направлены на
развитие таких видов речевой деятельности учаще
гося, как разговор, чтение, письмо, понимание речи
на слух.
Каждый из шести разделов книги имеет опреде
ленную тематику и может быть условно разделен на
блоки (всего 41), состоящие из познавательных тек
стов, представленных в формате заданий государ
ственного экзамена, диалогов, писем и упражнений
к ним.
Правильность выполнения упражнений может быть
проверена учащимися путем прослушивания аудио
материалов, записанных носителями языка.
Цель книги — мотивировать изучающих английский
язык не только читать и слушать, но и высказывать
мнение, дискутировать на предложенную тему, напри
мер, о людях, оставивших след в мировой истории —
военачальниках, исследователях, предпринимателях,
о британских традициях и т. д. По мысли авторов,
содержание текста вызывает интерес и является
фактором, побуждающим учащегося к самостоятель
ной работе.
Сборник адресован широкому кругу людей, изуча
ющих английский язык — учащимся средней шко
лы, студентам, а также людям любого возраста, же
лающим повысить уровень владения правильной
разговорной речью.
Английский язык
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