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Предмет:
Файл:The Travel and Tourism Industry. Учебное пособие для студентов вузов, обучающихся по специальностям сервиса и туризма
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6. Match the antonyms:
1) business a) united
2) foreign b) employer
3) few c) domestic
4) seller d) leisure
5) the same e) buyer
6) employee f) many
7) less g) different
8) available h) collective
9) separated i) receive
10) individual j) missing
11) send k) more
7. Match the words with their definitions:
1) cruise a) a person or company that does business for another
person or company, for example by selling their products or by dealing with their customers
2) destination b) a room or building where the people in an organi-
zation or department work
3) sightseer c) someone who knows a lot about good food and wine
4) know-how d) a large building where train, boat, or bus services
start and finish
5) middleman e) go on a journey or visit different places, especially
places that are far away from where you live or work
6) money f) the place where tourists are going
7) office g) what you earn invest and use to pay for things
8) terminal h) knowledge needed to do something, usually some-
thing practical
9) ticket i) a journey where you visit several places for pleasure
10) gourmet j) a tourist who is traveling around a place and look-
ing at interesting things
11) travel k) a person or company that buys things from pro-
ducers and sells them to customers at a profit
12) client l) a journey on a ship for pleasure, especially one that
involves visiting a series of places
13) tour m) a piece of paper that shows you have paid: — for a
journey on a train, plane, ship, etc.; — to go into a
41
place of entertainment such as a cinema or football
ground [16]
Comprehension
8. Answer the questions on the text:
1. Why are travel agents often compared to brokers?
2. What do travel agents have quick access to?
3. Who was Mr. Foster and what did he do for a living?
4. What do agents need computer reservation systems for?
5. What are the main American tourist-service vendors?
6. Are the responsibilities of a travel agent mostly confined to ticket
selling?
7. What else is a typical agent supposed to do in serving the customers?
8. What other kinds of activities are involved with the agent’s job?
9. Which of them seems to you the most essential one? Why?
10. What is the difference between full-time and part-time employees?
11. How many full-time employees does the average travel agency have?
12. What is the average salary for a starting agent?
13. What is the average salary for an experienced agent?
14. Who earns more — a manager or an agent? Why?
15. What commissions do travel agents receive?
9. Complete the sentences using proper words and phrases
in the box.
U.S. travel agents; to make bookings; business; are operating;
make; tickets; arranging transportation
1. Agents often sell air and cruise _______.
2. Currently, more than forty thousand travel agencies _______ in
the U.S.
3. _______ travel agents use computer reservation systems.
4. Agencies _______ their money on commissions.
5. Agents serve their clients _______ by air, sea, rail, bus, and car
rental.
42
6. As _______ grew, the phrase ‘to ask Mr. Foster’ was adopted as
a business slogan.
7. In the 1880s, _______ already sold rail tickets and some ar-
ranged tours.
10. State whether the following statements are true or false.
Comment on the true statements and correct the false ones.
1. Travel agents often act as brokers.
2. The first American travel agents emerged in the early nineteenth
century.
3. Mr. Foster opened his first travel information office in New
York.
4. The first professional travel agent in the United States was a Mr.
Foster.
5. Practically, travel agents are nothing more than ordinary ticket
sellers.
6. Travel agents never arrange for transfers of passengers and lug-
gage between terminals and hotels.
7. Agents seldom use computer reservation systems to make book-
ings.
8. Agencies mostly make their money on commissions.
Discussion
11. Try to evaluate a travel agency using the following words
and phrases:
• the main vendor in town;
• agent;
• to operate currently in the United States and Europe;
• to make money on commissions;
• manager;
• tourist (traveler);
• to earn more than…;
• to have sales between $1 and $3 million;
• the average starting salaries;
43
• $11,000 (20,000…);
• to prosper.
After having done the task describe this travel agency in detail.
12. Work in pairs:
a) Look at the following words and phrases and think of a story
that might combine them all. You may reorder them in any way
you like using any form of the verb:
• a new office opened;
• was owned by the biggest travel agency in town;
• both native and foreign tourists;
• arranged transportation by air and rail;
• transfers of passengers and luggage between terminals and hotels;
• sightseeing tours;
• special features such as tickets for music festivals;
• used computer reservation systems to make bookings;
• used professional know-how and experience;
• achieved both development and financial objectives.
b) When you have decided upon the story, tell it to your partner.
Then listen to that of your partner. Ask each other as many
questions as you can to learn further details or clarify some
points.
13. Entitle the paragraphs beginning with the words:
The first U.S. travel agents…
According to the American Society…
14. Divide the text into other logical parts and entitle each of
them.
15. Give a summary of the text.
44
16. Render the following text into English. Try to find an appropriate Russian equivalent of the title ‘Overbooking’.
OVERBOOKING
Авиакомпании не любят гонять самолеты полупустыми. Мало ли:
кто-нибудь на рейс не явится, а потом еще и деньги назад потребует.
Поэтому билетов на каждый туристический рейс всегда продается
чуть больше [the flight is overbooked], чем кресел в самолете.
Для того чтобы выяснить, на сколько именно больше, существует специальная компьютерная программа Strategy. Как правило,
ее расчет оказывается верным. Но бывает всякое: пассажиры являются все полностью [the flight is full], или, скажем, внезапно сломавшийся Ил-86 заменяют на Ту-154; человек приходит на регистрацию, а тут на тебе — мест нет! Выхода тут два:
(1) если туристу повезет, то его пересадят в бизнес-класс, будут
всю дорогу кормить, холить и лелеять и даже бонусных очков начислят по максимуму, как это в бизнес-классе и положено;
(2) a вот если «жертв» среди туристов оказалось больше двухтрех, то, скорее всего, им придется лететь следующим рейсом, а то
и вообще кружным путем, — скажем, из Москвы в Таиланд через
Франкфурт-на-Майне.
Утешение одно: если ждать вылета приходится больше шести
часов, авиакомпания (любая, включая Аэрофлот, Трансаэро è Ñè-
áèðü) обязана выдать пассажирам талоны на питание и поселить их
в гостинице [15, 79].
45
Case study
WHEN HAWAII’s LOSS IS TOKYO’s GAIN
Japanese tourists stay home
Background:
At the end of 2001, Japanese retailers and domestic-travel operators
were benefiting from the cancellation of foreign holidays.
1. Read the supporting material and provide detailed answers
to the case questions below.
Japan may not officially celebrate Christmas, but that has never
stopped Japan’s retailers from cashing in on the western holiday. On
Christmas eve, stores sell thousands of ‘Christmas cakes’ to workers on
their way home. But something strange is happening this year. Instead of
the usual rush just before Christmas, orders for the most expensive cakes
— generally not an easy sell — have poured in weeks earlier than usual.
At Matsuya, a popular Tokyo department store, cakes costing ¥10,000
($80) started selling out in the first week of December. Part of the reason
is that since September 11th lots of would-be Japanese tourists have decided to stay home. They are using money saved by not travelling to treat
themselves to something nice.
Thanks to all those cancelled trips, they have quite a bit of extra cash
to spend. According to Japan Travel Bureau, the biggest travel agency,
the number of people planning to go abroad for the new-year holiday has
dropped by a third this year, saving them ¥ 42 billion.
People seem to want to splurge on something to make up for their
lost jaunts. The local luxury-goods market has been once beneficiary.
Although brand-name products cost nearly twice as much at home as
they do abroad, Japanese women are shopping as if they were in their
favourite overseas haunts — a trend that has been dubbed tsumori, or ‘as
if’, consumption. Foreign-brand cosmetics, normally a popular purchase
at duty-free stores, are doing especially well, with sales at Isetan, a big
department store.
Housewives, who had been looking forward to a holiday from cooking, are also heading to department stores to buy lavish ready-made
osechi ryori, traditional dishes that are eaten during the first three days of
the year. This means that they can avoid the laborious preparations that
these dishes normally require. Stores say orders for osechi ryori are up to
60% higher than in previous years.
The hunt for new holiday destinations has also helped some Japanese
hotels and resorts. Tokyo’s prestigious Imperial Hotel says that high-end
new-year room deals have sold out weeks earlier than usual. Hotels
around Tokyo Disneyland and its sister theme-park, DisneySea, which
opened in September, are attracting more customers, as are ski resorts
across Japan. Retailers and hotel managers have often wondered what it
would be like if Japanese tourists spent a fraction of what they do abroad
at home. They are at last finding out [5, 85].
Vocabulary notes
retailer владелец магазина (торговой точки)
cancellation çä. нежелание (отказ) пользоваться
Christmas Рождество
to cash in (on smth.) получать прибыль (îò ÷åãî-ëèáî)
rush cуматоха
yen (¥) иена — денежная единица Японии
department store универмаг; крупный магазин
September 11th имеется в виду 11 сентября 2001 г., когда
в Нью-Йорке (Международный торговый
центр — башни-близнецы) и Вашингтоне
(Пентагон) произошли крупнейшие акции арабских террористов-смертников,
захвативших пассажирские самолеты и
направивших их на эти здания
would-be потенциальный; возможный
to save çä. экономить
to treat oneself баловать себя чем-либо дорогим или изы-
сканным
extra лишний, избыточный; дополнительный
47
to drop çä. резкоснижаться
to splurge тратить много денег (íà ÷òî-ëèáî), чтобы
доставить себе удовольствие
to make up (for smth.) возмещать; компенсировать (÷òî-ëèáî)
jaunt экскурсия; увеселительная прогулка, по-
ездка
luxury-goods market рынок предметов роскоши
beneficiary выгодный
brand-name products изделия широко известных марок (“рас-
крученных” брендов)
haunt çä. любимое и часто посещаемое место
to dub метко и остроумно называть
duty-free store магазин беспошлинной торговли
sale çä. распродажа
cooking приготовление пищи, «готовка»
to head çä. устремляться
dish блюдо (êàê åäà)
laborious трудоемкий
order çä. предварительный заказ
hunt çä. погоня, стремление
destination пункт назначения; цель путешествия
high-end высококачественный; высокого класса; с
большими возможностями
weeks earlier на несколько недель раньше
to attract привлекать
to wonder спрашивать себя; задаваться вопросом
fraction малая часть
to find out выяснять, обнаруживать
Case questions:
1. Does Japan officially celebrate Christmas?
2. Is Christmas a western or eastern holiday? Why?
3. What do stores usually sell to workers on their way home on
Christmas eve?
4. Are the most expensive cakes generally an easy sell?
48
5. Why did orders for the most expensive cakes in December 2001
pour in weeks earlier than usual?
6. Why do Japanese housewives prefer to buy osechi ryori readymade?
7. How did the hunt for new holiday destinations help some Japanese hotels and resorts? Why?
8. Why did the theme-park, DisneySea, start attracting more customers?
9. Why do you think more Japanese tourists have decided to stay
home in 2001?
10. Do Russia’s retailers cash in on Christmas eve?
11. What holidays do Russia’s retailers mostly cash in on?
2. Identify key points in the text and extract information from it
to pass on to your partner.
3. Let your partner see whether key points identified by you are
the same as those covered in the text. Let him / her agree or
disagree with you.
49
___________UNIT 4___________
BUSINESS TRAVEL (part 1)
Pre-reading
1. Read and translate the following international words:
Pacific
study
mix
billion
contact
vary
percent
figure
automobile
dominant
2. Read and translate the following groups of words derived from
a common root:
1) please — pleasure — pleasurable — pleased — unpleased — dis-
pleased — displeasure;
2) clean — cleaner — unclean — cleanly — clean-cut — cleanliness
— cleanse — cleanser — ‘Kleenex’ (trademark of small paper handkerchiefs);
3) travel — traveler — travelogue — ‘Travelodge’ (a chain of econ-
omy or budget hotels in the U.S.);
4) industry — industrial — industrialize — industrialized — indus-
trious — industriously;
5) dominate — dominated — dominating — domination— pre-
dominate — — predomination — predominant — denominate — denominator;
6) control — controller — controlling — controlled — controllable
— uncontrollable — controllability.
reason
meeting
portion
type
occupancy
passenger
corporate
regional
product
convention
show
exposition
combination
restaurants
auto
rental
company
hotel
locate
major
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