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Файл:The English Language in Use. Everyday Life Communication. Учебное пособие для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по направлению 45.03.02 Лингвистика
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2. “A paper that circulates in a region” (2).
3. “A paper which is issued every day/ every week” (2).
4. “A magazine which is issued every month/ once in three months” (32).
5. “A man who comments on some events” (2).
6. “A magazine that comes out at regular intervals” (2).
7. “A man who sells newspapers and magazines” (32).
8. “A person who writes reviews of drama, films, etc” (32).
9. “A paper or a magazine that focuses on sensation or gossip” (32).
2. Match the words. Tick it in the suitable column.
newspaper magazine section supplement
Daily
Evening
Sunday
Fashion
Local
Business
Tabloid
3. Complete the table
Item Writer
Report
Column
Forecast
Letters page Readers
Editorial
Review
Horoscope Astrologer
Crossword Compiler
4. “Define the item and who writes it.
1. Outlook for Tuesday: more rain in the South, sunny in the west.
2. McKellan’s portrayal of Richard III was memorable.
3. Elections were held in Angola yesterday. A high turnout was reported.
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4. The government should think very hard before it raises interest rates again.
5. I can’t agree with the view expressed in your editorial (9 February) that our
railway system needs more subsidies from the Government.
6. Take care that your fiery temper does not lead you to say anything you
might regret” (2).
Reading
5. Read the text observing good intonation and then learn it by heart
sticking to proper English intonation contours. Text 1. Mr. White comes
again (Аракин В. Д., 1 курс, p. 126-127).
6. Read the text and memorize the basic information about press in Britain.
Text 2.
British Press
“Britain is a nation of newspaper readers. Their working day begins
when they sit down to breakfast with their favourite newspaper.
There are eleven national daily newspapers excluding the very small
circulation. There are also many national weeklies, local and regional daily
and weekly newspapers.
British newspapers differ greatly in their way of presenting news. There
are so called heavy or quality newspapers and popular or tabloids. Out of
eleven national dailies there are five heavy and six popular papers.
The first group is represented by such periodicals as “The Daily
Telegraph”, “The Guardian”, “The Times”, “The Financial Times” and “The
Independent”.
“The Sun”, “The Star”, “Today” and a few more dailies are considered to be
tabloids. “The Sun” has the largest circulation, about four million. The
popular papers attract more readers because they are much easier to read than
the heavies, they are simple outline of the most important items of political,
foreign and financial news. “A large amount of space is given to major sports,
sensational crimes, cartoons, the private life of film stars” (8), celebrities and
other famous people. They concentrate on more emotive reporting of stories.
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“It’s often said that popular press aims to entertain the readers than inform
them” (8).
The quality papers present to their readers “important political, business,
art, sport news at home and abroad. They concern themselves with factual
reports of major national and international news. The style is clear-cut and the
language is free from slang” (8).
Writing
7. Creative work. Choose any newspaper or a magazine and prepare a
detailed description of it. You may use the following plan.
1. “The main story today is about…2. The editorial is about…3. Ther are
readers’ letters on page…and they deal with the following topics…4. The
most interesting feature is about…5. There’s some scandal on page…, a
crossword on page…, a cartoon on page… and some small ads on page…6.
The most interesting business story is about…and the largest sports article is
about…7. The most striking photograph shows…8. There are advertisements
for…9. An article about…on page…made me feel…10. The article on
page…has been badly edited” (32).
8. Translation skills
1. «Мистер Уайт спрашивает доктора Сэндфорда, не хочет ли он
подписаться на «Дейли Телеграф». Он говорит, что эта газета освещает
все важные политические новости дома и за рубежом. 2. – Это
ежемесячная газета, не так ли? – Нет, это еженедельная газета. – Должен
ли я платить сейчас? – Нет, пока вы должны подписать этот документ. 3.
Каков тираж газеты «Аргументы и факты»? – Она имеет самый большой
тираж в мире. – О каких событиях она информирует читателей? – Она
широко освещает все политические и экономические проблемы в стране.
– Есть ли там информация о личной жизни кинозвезд и других
известных людей? – да, вы можете найти там много информации об этом.
– Как часто она выходит? – раз в неделю. – Спасибо, я думаю, что
подпишусь на эту газету» (2). 4. Воскресными вечерами я люблю сидеть
в уютном кресле и просматривать последние выпуски модных журналов
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в глянцевых обложках. 5. Часто журналисты, пытаясь повлиять на
политические взгляды читателей, пишут предвзятые статьи.
MODULE 4
ACCOMMODATION AND RENTING
The sub-topics to consider:
1) Types of accommodation
2) Household / Household problems
3) A detached house and a flat: advantages and disadvantages
4) Outside and inside the house. The description of rooms
5) Renting a flat
Vocabulary development (part 1)
General: building, to erect a building, to pull down a building, dwelling,
dwelling house, lodgings, house, home, at home, to go home, to feel at home,
homeless, place, at one’s place, at the Browns’, block, residential area,
property, to buy/purchase a property, owner, to own, to belong to, residence,
permanent (temporary) residence, registration, inhabitant, landlord (landlady),
tenant, tenement house, host (hostess), to move, to move into, to move out,
housewarming party.
Financial matters: mortgage (Our mortgage payment each month is $1300),
downpayment, to pay interest, freehold, lend, borrow (from), lease, heritage,
to inherit, heir, to inherit by will, to come after one's father, to succeed to smb,
testamentary succession.
Types of dwellings: duplex house, bungalow, log-cabin, detached house,
mansion, semidetached house, terraced house, hut, country house, cottage,
weekend house, block of flats, multi-storey block of flats, sky-scraper, highrise block of flats, palace, palatial house, barracks, flat (apartment), penthouse,
studio, boarding house, luxury houses (элитное жилье), castle, storey (floor),
ground floor, top floor, оne-story/two-story house, starter home, hostel.
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The possible location of houses: in the center of the city, in a side street off
the main road, facing the embankment, overlooking the river, on the outskirts
of the town, in the ritzy area, not far from the Town Hall, on a big housing
estate, in the suburbs, in a slum (ghetto), the exact address: at 1A Shakespeare
St. (по адресу улица Шекспира 1 А), no particular address is implied: on
some Street/St., Road/Rd., Avenue/Ave, Drive, Boulevard/Blvd.
House parts: porch, roof, gable roof, pent roof, tiled roof, loft, basement,
vault, gutter, slate roof, ridge, chimney, cellar, rainwater pipe, flat roof,
balcony, parapet, window, rolling shutter, window frame, single casement
window, window shutter, folding shutter, double casement window, dormer
(window), door, canopy, flower box, front door, back door, door frame, door
lock, door handle, spy hole / peephole, bell (door-bell), step, front steps,
staircase, stair light, flight of stairs, handrail, staircase landing, attic, garret,
interior/ exterior, upstairs, downstairs.
Premises and outhouse: at the front of the house, kitchen garden, flower-bed,
litter bin, lawn (grass-plot), parterre, driveway, fence, wooden fence, path,
pond, patio, fountain, rockery, garage, summer house, at the back (rear) of the
house, arbour, court, orchard, green-house, hot-house, flagstone path, two-car
garage, outhouse, tool shed, pavement, front garden, outside tap for the hose,
in front of the house, garden hose padding pool, back yard, well, cowshed,
plot, kennel, sward, pigsty, stable, open space, poultry, shed, lawn sprinkler,
barn, yard, to trespass, “no trespass”, hedge.
Actions in a dwelling: to decorate, to furnish, to refurnish, to arrange
furniture, to rearrange furniture, to set smth, to repair, to fix, to mend.
Materials, elements of inner and outer décor: wooden, all metal,
prefabricated blocks, oak, ash (tree), birch, mahogany, pine, beech, board,
concrete, brick, brickwork, cement, frosted glass, stained glass, marble,
wallpaper, to paper, parquet, plaster, stucco mouldings, moulded ceiling,
stainless steel, tiled, bronze, whitewashed.
Household problems: a case of disorder / trouble, be at fault, faulty, paint
comes off (peels off); the garden (flat) is in the state of neglect (neglected);
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the house is falling into decay; the rooms on the ground floor look gloomy
because they don't get (receive) enough sunlight; besides the constant noise of
the traffic and bright flashes of advertisements disturb you even at night. It is
in need of repair. The rooms are draughty (frosty air penetrates the rooms
through the windows and under the doors which don't fit well). The water
pipes in my apartment are clogged (leaking). The room (flat) is crammed up
with furniture/things. The tap is dripping, I can’t fix it. Father had to replace
the safety fuse. Could you screw in/unscrew a bulb? That must be
overflowing! Helpful masters: plasterer, carpenter, painter, plumber (on
duty), upholsterer.
House fittings and accommodations: accommodations (conveniences,
amenities), electricity, electric meter, to install (put) electricity in a house,
socket, lead (cord), take the readings of the meter, a plug, water supply,
heating system, wiring, central heating, hot-water heating, extension, water
line, radiator, flushing lever, refuse / rubbish chute, gas, to have cold and hot
running water, to flush, telephone, speak on /over the phone.
Rooms: lounge, children’s room, public convenience, study (den),
bedchamber, privy, sitting-room, drawing-room, bedroom, kitchen, toilet,
powder room, bathroom, water closet, utility room, pantry, living-room, larder,
lavatory, storeroom, WC, chamber, oval office, nursery, dormitory/dorm,
guest-room, the john, hall, laundry.
What sort of people can you meet in the following dwellings? Why
have they found themselves in such places. Try to describe the
dwellings in a few words. If necessary – use the explanatory
dictionary.
barracks
a hotel
a monastry
a hovel
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an inn
a ranch house
lodgings
a mansion
a cell
a tenement
a shanty
a tent
a convent
a wigwam
a hostel
an igloo
a caravan
a campus
a boarding house
an asylum
Translate the words. Use them in small contexts or micro-dialogues.
District, area, region, neighbourhood, locality, vicinity, borough, zone,
section, subdivision.
Округ, область, округа, церковный приход, район города, округа,
населенный пункт.
Answer the questions
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1) How do people become owners of accommodation?
2) What’s the difference between the synonymic notions “landlord” and
“host”?
3) What do you think of borrowing a mortgage from a bank to purchase
accommodation? Is it sensible?
4) What kind of house (building) do you live in?
5) Compare the two notions: “house” and “home”.
6) Do you live in a flat? If you do, what floor is it on?
7) In what situations do people have to rent accommodation? What is the
special word to denote rented accommodation?
8) Is it convenient to have a balcony? How do people use balconies?
9) What does your window face (overlook)?
10) Describe a neglected house (room). What should be done to make
neglected accommodation look spick and span?
11) Have you ever participated in the procedure of decoration? What stages
does this process imply?
12) What are your favourite materials? Why do you like them? What can be
made of them?
13) Have you (your mom, dad, sister) ever been a bit of designer? What items
of interior did you chance to design? Were you a success?
14) How can you characterize the location of your house?
Fill in the chart. In the vocabulary section Household problems 5-7 the
most typical cases of disorder or the troubles you personally had to deal with
and point the possible ways to solve household problems.
Cases of disorder
Solution
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Prepare the following text for test reading.
Mind the main criteria of perfect test reading:
First of all, your reading must be not simply fast but fluent and
natural.
Mispronounced words are out of question.
You must strictly follow the right intonation patterns (tones, pauses,
stressed/unstressed words/heads).
Pay special attention to cases of logical stress and other emphatic
devices if there are some.
Linking of words (no glottal stop!).
The phonetic rules to observe while preparing for test reading:
Intonation of adverbial groups
Intonation of close and detached apposition
Intonation of compound and complex sentences
Intonation of enumeration
Accidental Rise
Stages of preparing for test reading (discuss all of them in group)
Write the text in transcription.
Mark pauses, syntactic and syntagmatic stress (nuclear tones), cases of
word-linking.
Find the words which could possibly take the Accidental Rise.
Read the text aloud at least 7-10 times thoroughly trying to follow all
the reading rules. After proper training it won’t be a problem for you to
recite the text by heart.
Read the phonetic review of the text “Dr Sandford’s house” in the
Theoretical part of this text-book.
Text 1. The Dream of my Heart
I live in a block of flats on a big housing estate. I have a studio-flat on the
eleventh floor. It’s a real “anthill” crammed up with people. Unfortunately
the lift is often out of order, so I have to crawl many flights of stairs to reach
my place, panting and dripping with sweat. My wife doesn’t mind such
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“climbings” a bit because she wants to keep fit, but I’m not much of a good
sportsman and I get out of breath. I don’t like it. But I have a balcony, it
gives me the opportunity to admire the fascinating panoramic view of the
city, it looks really magic at night. I enjoy the fact that my windows overlook
the trees – emerald-green in spring and fire-like in autumn. This lovely
picture provides a sort of meditation. My brother doesn’t have to worry
about climbing the stairs because he lives on the ground floor, but he suffers
from another problem. His windows face the children’s play-ground, so he
has to enjoy crying, screaming, yelling and other “pleasant” sounds all day
round. It drives him crazy. Moreover, the car fumes, as he says, intoxicate
him. Eah, cars are a real disaster! There are no special parking spots for carowners in the neighbourhood, so the only favourable way out for them is to
place their beloved iron “pets” straight under someone’s windows. In
summer, when it is hot and stuffy there is no opportunity for my brother to
enjoy fresh air and the scent of roses from the nearest flower-beds. By the
way the area around the house is well-cared about. The lawns framed with
flowers – different in each season! (tulips and daffodils in spring, daisies and
roses in summer) – are regularly cut and watered. I always feel indignant
when some pets walked by neighbours spoil the lawns and leave their not
very aesthetic “products” on the grass or on the paved roads. Well, I try to
think philosophically – the more people around the more problems. The
dream of my heart is to possess a detached house of my own. I am sure to
build up a high brick fence around it and enjoy my privacy to the full.
► Do you share the dream of the man’s heart? Do you live in a flat or in a
detached house? Fill in the table “Advantages and Disadvantages of Living
in a Flat and in a Detached House”
A FLAT
Advantages Disadvantages
A DETACHED HOUSE
Advantages Disadvantages
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