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Файл:The English Language in Use. Everyday Life Communication. Учебное пособие для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по направлению 45.03.02 Лингвистика
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“I see very well with all my colleagues at work” (2). 6. “She should learn to
respect her olders” (2). 7. “Jo’s attractive, but her mate just turns me up
completely” (2).
Reading
4. Read the text about the girl introducing her and her family and think how you
would introduce yourself and your family. Read this text minding the proper
English intonation background. Text 1. Betty Smith. (Аракин В. Д. 1 курс, p.
69). For a good and proper phonetic reading see the theoretical notes (II).
5. Read some more information about Betty’s immediate family. Text 2.
Doctor Sandford’s family. (Аракин В. Д. 1 курс, p. 83). For a good and
proper phonetic reading see the theoretical notes (III).
6. Read Text 3. About Benny’s cousins observing good intonation and then
learn it by heart sticking to proper English intonation contours (Аракин В.
Д. 1 курс, p. 83-84). For a good and proper phonetic reading see the
theoretical notes (IV).
Speaking
7. Work in small groups. Try to write a definition of the word family.
The class feedback with the decision on the best definition.
8. Work in small groups. Give the basic characteristics of a family.
9. Work in small groups. Make the list of typical family problems.
Name the sources of these problems.
10. Work in small groups. Look at the following family patterns and
try to guess what each of them is like and who their members are.
Describe these types of families. What are advantages/ disadvantages of
each family type?
Family patterns
the nuclear family
the extended family
the second family
the one-parent family
the cat family
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11. Answer the questions.
1. Which is the most common type of family in Russia? Why?
2. Which type of family would you like to live in?
3. Who should be the head of the family? Give your reasons. Who is the
head of your family?
4. Is a single parent family becoming quite common in Russia and in
the world?
5. Do many people live together without getting officially married
nowadays? Has it got common?
6. Why do we need families?
Writing.
12. Draw your family tree.
Reading
13. Read and translate the text.
Pre-reading task. “The family is in decline nowadays”. Do you agree with this
statement? What are the basic indications of the end of the family system?
Text 1. The Family
“There are many different views on family life. Some people cannot do
without the support and love of their families. Others say it is the source of
most of their problems and anxieties. Whatever the truth is, the family is
definitely a powerful symbol. Turn on the television or open a magazine and
you will see advertisements featuring happy, balanced families. Politicians
often try to win votes by standing for “family values”: respect for parental
authority, stability in marriage, chastity and care for the elderly” (9).
“Sociologists divide families into two general types: the nuclear family
and the extended family, which may include three or more generations living
together. In industrialized countries, and increasingly in the large cities of
developing countries, the nuclear family is regarded as normal. Most people
think of it as consisting of two parents and two children. In fact, the number
of households containing a nuclear family is shrinking year by year” (9).
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“There are people who say that the family unit in Britain is in crisis ans
that traditional family life is a thing of the past. This is of great concern to
those who think a healthy society is dependent upon a stable family life. They
see many indications that the family is in decline, in such things as the
acceptance of sex before marriage, the increased number of one-parent families,
the current high divorce rate and what the see as a lack of discipline within the
family. Some politicians blame social problems, such as drug taking and
juvenile crime, on a disintegrating family life. Concern that the family is in a
state of crisis is not new in Britain. In the 19th century, many legislators and
reformers were saying the same. It was also a concern between the two World
Wars, and in the 1980s it became a continuous political issue” (9).
“There is no definition of a “normal” family. Broadly speaking, the
family is a group of people related by blood or law, living together or
associating with one another for a common purpose. That purpose is usually
to provide shelter and food, and to bring up children” (9).
Tasks on Text 1.
1. Give Russian equivalents
1) to have a view on sth; 2) to do without; 3) the source of sth; 4) family
values; 5) nuclear family; 6) extended family; 7) to be regarded as; 8) to shrink:
9) to be in decline; 10) to be dependent on/ upon; 11) one-parent family;
12) divorce rate; 13) drug taking; 14) juvenile crime; 15) to be related by.
2. Give English equivalents
1) обходиться без; 2) какой бы ни была правда; 3) поддерживать
семейные ценности; 4) делить на; 5) состоять из; 6) много признаков;
7) винить; 8) обеспечивать еду и жилище; 9) воспитывать детей;
10) наркомания.
14. Read and translate the text.
Text 2. A STEREOTYPE
“The average British family lives in a semi-detached house with a
garden in the south of England. They own their house, which is situated in the
suburbs of a large town. The house has three bedrooms. On average they have
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two children and a pet. The family drives a two-year-old Ford” (9).
“He works in the office of an engineering company for 40 hours a week
and earns £ 200 per week. He starts at 9.00 in the morning and finishes at
5.30 in the evening. He goes to work by car, which takes him 20 minutes. He
doesn't particularly like his job, but there are chances of promotion” (9).
“She works in a service industry for three days a week and earns £ 95.
She works locally and goes there by bus. She quite likes her job as it gets her
out of the house, she meets people, and it is close to the children's school. The
children go to a state school which is a few miles from home. A special bus
comes to pick them up every day. They are at school from 9.00 to 3.30. The
most popular evening entertainment is watching television or video, which
the average person does for two and a half hours a day. After that, the next
most popular activity is visiting friends, going to the cinema or a restaurant or
going to the pub. The most popular hobby is gardening and the most popular
sports are fishing, football and tennis” (9).
Speaking
15. What do you think? Which of the family problems are characteristic
specifically of the Russian family and specifically of the British family? Are
there such?
Writing
16. Compose the list of Family values (in accordance with your idea).
Creative work
17. Do you have an idea of an ideal family? What is it like?
Project.
18. Describe the relations of the Royal Family in the UK.
Exercises on Module 2. Family
Part 2. Love & Marriage
1. Read the dialogue & pay attention to tenses.
-- “Are you married?
-- Yes, I am.
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-- How long have you been married?
-- For two years.
-- When did you marry?
-- I married in 1999
-- Had you known each other long before you got married?
-- We had known each other for five years” (7).
Listening
2. Listen to the story about princess Diana.
A Fairy-Tale Princess
Vocabulary: boarding school in Kent, Earl Spencer, nanny, to care sick and
poor, Norfolk (England), Switzerland, St. Paul’s Cathedral, “people’s
princess”.
Divide the story into logical parts and retell the story according to them.
Speaking
3. Answer the questions.
1. What steps do people take before they get married?
2. What relationships are customary between Russian young men and
their girls? And between a husband and a wife?
4. Read the text, underline all the expressions of the module. Memorize
the text.
The photo of my family
This is a photo of my family and me on my wedding day. I am standing
between my parents. Mum and Dad are divorced, but they still get on well.
My mum married again last year and I invited Philip, my stepfather, but he
decided not to come. He is good-natured, generous and affectionate. I like his
curly hair, which is already going white. He is in his early fifties. Then next to
Mum there is my elder sister. She is slim and elegant, but a bit thoughtless.
Everybody says, that she looks like our Mum. She inherited her appearance.
She has a nice two-year-old daughter, my niece. I really adore her. She makes
me laugh. Her chubby cheeks have dimples and her loose fair hair is straight.
She takes after her father, my brother-in-law. To tell the truth, I can’t stand
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him. He is immature and dishonest. Sometimes he is scruffy-looking. Behind
him there is my cousin Mark. He is wearing a hat, because he likes to look
different. He is engaged at the moment, but his fiancée is in Spain. She is an
actress and working for a film company. We are a different age. She is well
under thirty. Everybody admires her beautiful looks. Mark is sure, that it is a
love at first sight. But sometimes they have arguments, and last week they
nearly split up. On Mark’s right are my Granny and Granddad. They are in
their eighties, but they look great. My Granny is below average and a bit
overweight. My Granddad is lean, broad-shouldered and almost bold. I am
happy that they are alive. They worship each other, though there are times
when they do not see eye to eye. Then at the back there are my uncles, aunts
and cousins. My auntie has twins. They look alike. They take after my
favourite auntie. She is separated, and now she is single. I hear that her
neighbour, a widower, is courting her. I think he is going to propose to her.
Then we will have a second wedding ceremony. So, that is all my relations.
5. Complete the text using words or phrases from the box. Change the
verbs into the correct form
get married to, propose, bride, fancy, reception, be engaged, split
up, go out, row, ask out
As soon as Somerset set eyes on Melanie at the disco he (1) _________
her and decided he wanted to (2) _________ her. She accepted his offer and
they (3) _______ together for several months, although they also argued a lot
and (4) _________ a couple of times. On February 14th, Valentine’s Day, he
(5) ___________ to her and gave her a beautiful diamond ring. They (6)
_________for over a year but during this time she met someone else and fell
in love with him. Somerset and Melanie had an enormous (7) _________ and
they decided to separate. A few months later, Melanie (8) ___________ the
other man and everybody said she was a beautiful (9) ___________. At the
(10) ____________ after the wedding, people were enjoying a drink when a
figure appeared at the back of the room. It was Somerset….
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Writing
6. Complete the story from the previous exercise.
Writing
7. Creative work. Compose a love story (starting relationships, developing
relationships, finishing relationships).
8. Translation skills. Appearance. Personality. Family.
У меня есть бабушка. Она мама моего отца. Ей еще нет 60 лет. Она
намного старше своей сводной сестры. Моя бабушка очень щедрая. Она
терпеливая. Она чуть выше среднего. У нее седые волнистые волосы. Ее
волосы всегда убраны. Чаще всего она носит гулю. Когда она была
молодой, она носила косу. Ее волосы были густые и длинные. Мне
нравятся ее глаза. Они темные и глубоко посаженные. Бабушка редко
пользуется косметикой, но любит подкрашивать губы. Когда ей было
около 30, у нее была красивая фигура. Но и сейчас она держит спину
прямо. В молодости она была настоящей красавицей. За ней ухаживали
два человека. Ей нравился Коля. Он был высоким, хорошо-сложенным
брюнетом. Бабушка восхищалась его честностью. Он ей понравился с
первого взгляда. Но свидания ей назначал другой человек. Он был чуть
выше среднего, со светлыми кучерявыми волосами. Он был забавный
парень с веснушчатым лицом. На его левой щеке был шрам. Они
встречались около полугода, и он был нежен к моей бабушке. Но
бабушкины родители терпеть его не могли. Когда он сделал ей
предложение, она отказалась, потому что любила другого. Он тяжело
переживал их разрыв, но они абсолютно не подходили друг другу. Потом
она узнала, что он женился на хорошей девушке. Через пять лет они
развелись, и он женился опять. Его приемный сын живет на нашей улице.
Мой папа и он одного возраста. Он очень уважает своего отчима,
которого сейчас нет в живых. Когда бабушка разорвала отношения с тем
парнем, Коля назначил ей свидание, и в тот же день сделал ей
предложение. Бабушка очень хотела сразу же согласиться, но она
никогда не была бездумной. Это у нее в генах. Она знала, что он
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амбициозный и боготворил свою работу. Он нервничал, что она не
ответила сразу. Через месяц она приняла его предложение, и они были
помолвлены. Бабушка хорошо помнит их день свадьбы, потому что она
вышла замуж по любви. Он отлично ладил со своими тещей и тестем, но
расходился во мнениях с бабушкиным братом. Иногда они ругались, но
всегда мирились. Скоро бабушка родила двух детей. Мой папа был
старшим. Он на 5 лет старше моей тети. Папа похож на своего отца. Они
с сестрой похожи. По характеру он пошел в бабушку. Он умный и
трудолюбивый. Но он унаследовал от отца чувство умора. У моей тети
есть дочь. Она названа в честь бабушки. Мы с ней разного возраста. Она
несовершеннолетняя. Моя двоюродная сестра носит волосы
распущенными, а ее сводный брат носит короткую стрижку. Они
светловолосые и голубоглазые. У нее ямочки на щеках, когда она
улыбается. У него две родинки на прямом носу. Он симпатичный парень
и нравится многим девочкам в классе. Они назначают ему свидания. Ему
нравятся длинноногие, веселые девочки с курносыми носами и рыжими
волосами. Он не любит, когда волосы гладко зачесаны. Мне же нравятся
высокие, широкоплечие и загорелые парни. Я ненавижу, когда у них
прыщи на лице и грубая кожа. Моя лучшая подруга не красавица и
немного полноватая. Ее пушистые волосы просто очаровательны.
Мальчики влюбляются в нее с первого взгляда. Она много раз была
влюблена. И так же много раз переставала любить.
MODULE 3
MASS MEDIA. PRESS
Vocabulary development
Parts of the newspaper: news (sing), headlines/ headings, an article on, an
item, “news reports, feature articles (about fashion or social trends), business
news, sports reports, scandal” (32), an outline, an interview
a report on – a news story
a column – a regular feature in which journalists write about issues that
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concern them
a forecast – tells you what the weather, economy is going to be like
“a letter page – publishes letters from readers, usually in reply to sth that was
in the paper” (24)
an editorial – is written by an editor or a special writer, a leader writer and
gives the newspaper’s opinion about current issues
a review – gives the reviewer’s opinion of a play, film, ballet, concert or a
book
a horoscope – tells you about future as governed by the stars
a crossword – a puzzle where you fit words into a special grid
obituaries – recount the life of people who have just died
small ads, advertisement – offer things for sale or rent often in restricted
language
share prices – give information about the price of shares on the stock
exchange
announcements – announce births, deaths, engagements, weddings
results service – tell you who has won and lost at sporting events
strip cartoons – are humorous continuing features with illustrated characters
pin-ups – are photographs of attractive people
program listings – tell you what is on radio and TV.
Types of press:
“A popular or tabloid newspaper (a tabloid) focuses more on sensation than
real news whereas a quality newspaper professes to be more interested in
real news than in sensation. A tabloid usually has a smaller format than a
quality paper, it has larger headlines and shorter stories and, in Britain, it
prefers stories about film stars, violent crimes and the royal family” (8).
A newspaper may be: daily (a daily), weekly (a weekly), national (countrywide), regional, local.
A periodical may be: weekly (a weekly), monthly (a monthly), quarterly (a
quarterly).
A supplement – a publication that has a role secondary to that of another
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preceding publication. For ex. some newspapers in Britain come out with a
supplement at the week-end. “A colour supplement comes out once a week as
an addition to a newspaper/ magazine” (25).
“A journal is the name usually given to an academic magazine” (25).
“A comic is a magazine, usually for children or teenagers, with lots of picture
stories and/or cartoons” (25).
People of press: news agent, reporter, correspondent, journalist, newscaster,
newshound, newspaperman, newspaperwoman, pressman, reviewer,
interviewer, interviewee, columnist.
Places of press: news agency, newsstand.
Actions in press: to edit, to issue, to produce, to print, to publish, to be
subscribed to, “to be addressed to, to be meant for, to be intended for, to come
out” (2), to circulate, to headline, to present news, to report/ to cover/ to
inform of sth/ to give an account of sth, “to give full/ wide coverage to (of)/ to
give full attention to, to give some (a lot of, little) space to” (32), to provide
the readers with (some materials, details, data), to outline, to interview, to
censor, to carry out investigation, to record, to make a record of sth, to
influence sb’s opinion, to focus on, to be concerned with sensationalism, to
reveal/ to disclose/ to unveil, to conceal/ to hide, to comment on, to picture, to
feature, to give freedom of the press, to advertise.
Miscellaneous: media/ medium, events/ developments, audience/ readership,
a circulation, a copy of, an issue, today’s issue/ yesterday’s issue, a
subscription (to), “a simple outline, the style is clear-cut, the language is free
from slang, Fleet Street, educational, entertaining, economic, financial,
political, dull, biased, objective, in a sensational manner, shiny paper, a
photography magazine, the press is entertaining/ serious/ heavy, intrusive/
offensive, investigative” (32), libel, privacy.
Exercises on Module 4. Mass Media. Press
1. Give the word to match the definitions.
1. “A paper that circulates all over the country” (2).
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