Организация вахтенной службы в машинном отделении = Engine Room Watchkeeping Procedures. Практикум

UNIT 5. TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS

5.1. Text to be studied. Read text «Tools and Instruments», learn new vocabulary by heart.

TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS

A machine shop is a place in the ship’s machinery spaces where pieces of metal and machine parts are machined. The standard machine tools used in ship’s machine shop are a lathe, a drilling machine and a grinding machine.

A lathe is a machine tool in which the work, while revolving on a horizontal axis is acted upon by a cutting tool.

A drilling machine is a machine tool used for producing holes in metal. In this machine, the work is securely held while a revolving cutting tool is let down into it.

Calipers are used for measuring diameters and distances or for comparing sizes. Chisels are tools used for chipping or cutting metal.

Clamps may be used to hold pieces of material while they are being worked on. Dies are used for threading pieces of round stock.

Drills are made of carbon steel or high speed alloy steel. They are used for general purposes — making small and large holes.

Files are used for cutting, smoothing or removing small amounts of metal. They are made in various shapes, cut of teeth and length.

Hack-saw is used for cutting metal with a blade.

Fitter’s hammers are used for general purposes. Soft hammers are used for hammering or working on finished surfaces. Sledge-hammers are more often used for producing heavy blows. Scaling hammers are more often used as chipping hammers for removing scale, paint, etc.

Nuts, bolts and screws are used for fastening or handling metal parts together in assembly. Cap screws and machine screws are always used without nuts.

Screw drivers are used to tighten or loosen screws. They may be regular, crosshead (Phillips-head) and ratchet drivers.

Packing tools are used to remove soft packing from the packing glands of valves and pumps.

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Pliers are used for general purposes, electrical work and for better gripping. Their types are combination, side-cutting for stripping wire insulation, needle-nose used to get into tight spaces and corners, nippers used for cutting wire, vice-grips that have teeth for better gripping of nuts.

Protractors are used in measuring or laying out angles.

Punches are used for making a starting mark for a drill; for making centres and lines; for knocking out rivets, bolts, for following through a hole without jamming, for lining up corresponding holes in adjacent parts.

Screw geared chain hoist is a handy portable hoist, which is light and powerful; it holds securely and will not lower unless the chain is pulled.

Scrapers are made in many forms, and are used for scraping or removing high spots from flat surfaces, to refit a bearing.

Scribers are used to make narrow lines on metal. Taps are used for making an exact hole thread.

Thickness gage or a feeler gage is used for measuring distances or clearances between two surfaces.

Wire and sheet gage is used to measure cross sections of wires and metal sheets.

Wrenches (spanners) are tools used for tightening or removing bolts, nuts, studs or for gripping round material like a pipe, stud or rod. By their heading they are classified as adjustable, solid-ended and open-ended.

Exercises for grammar and vocabulary booster

5.2. Learn new words:

lathe

drilling / grinding machine

caliper

cap screw

file

chisel

clamp

pliers

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die

feeler gage

fitter’s hammer

hack-saw

protractor

punch

ratchet

scraper

screw

screwdriver

scriber

sledge hammer

spanner

stock

tap

thickness gage

thread / threading

vice-grip pliers

wire gage

solid-ended / open-ended wrench

blade

chipping

cutting

fastening

finish

hammering

insulation

jamming

to knock out

to lay out

to loosen

smoothing

stripping

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sleeker

hand-operated jack

countersink drill

pick, pickaxe

tongs

monkey wrench

union wrench

box wrench

socket wrench

brace

groove chisel

grinding wheel

brazing torch

inspection lamp

crow-bar, pinch-bar, breaker

straightening hammer

square set hammer

bench hammer

rasp-cut file

emery

emery cloth

scissors

shears

tin shears

cross-shaped screwdriver

chuck

jaw chuck

circular saw

lapping plate

reamer

tapered reamer

rasp

gooseneck tool

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parting-off tool

facing tool

tool-holder

ruling pen

bit

carbide-tipped drill

wood chisel

cramp

telpher

melting pot

milling cutter

jointing plane

flat scraper

half-round scraper

mop, swab

awl, pricker

grease gun, squirt gun

nail puller

vice

allen key, hex key

spanner

5.3. Fill in the gaps:

1.Machine tools are … .

2.This instrument is used for measuring diameters and distances or for comparing sizes … .

3.These tools are used for cutting, smoothing and removing small amounts of metal … .

4.This instrument is used for cutting metal with its blades … .

5.These tools are used for fastening or handling metal parts together to assem-

bly … .

6.By means of these tools screws may be tightened or loosened … .

7.For better gripping … are used.

8.… are used in measuring or laying out angles.

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9.… are used for making a starting mark for a drill.

10.… are used for scraping or removing high spots from surfaces.

11.This instrument is used to make narrow lines on metal … .

12.I can use … for making an exact hole thread.

13.For measuring distances or clearances between two surfaces … are used.

14.I can use … for tightening or removing bolts, nuts, studs.

15.These tools are used for chipping or cutting metal … .

5.4. Ask your study partner about:

-machine tools which are used in the machinery spaces;

-instrument for measuring diameters, distances or for comparing sizes;

-tools used for smoothing and cutting;

-instrument for cutting metal with its blades;

-tools for fastening metal parts together to assembly;

-tool which is used for tightening and loosening screws;

-tools for gripping;

-tools for laying out angles;

-tools for making a starting mark for a drill;

-tools for chipping or cutting metal;

-tools for making an exact hole thread;

-tools for scraping or removing high spots from surfaces.

Answer questions framed.

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UNIT 6. ENGLISH COMMUNICATION ACTIVITY

6.1. Situations to be dramatized:

1.The trainee cadet’s first interview at the crewing company. You are participating in an interview conducted by a representative of a foreign shipowner. Answer questions on your particulars of your CV; describe your hobby; your professional ambitions; enumerate jobs to which you have been assigned; prove that you know signals given on the hip’s alarms bells, the safe working practices, precautions to be taken against fire and how to fight fire when it occurs in the machinery spaces; find out the amount of time and work you will have to spend and to do for performing your assigned duties properly and safely.

2.Before making an inspection round of a ship a surveyor is talking to a ship’s engineer officer to find out: principal characteristics of the ship and her propulsion system; quantity of some items of standard equipment available on board; where certain pieces of machinery are located.

3.You are a marine engineer who has just joined a vessel operated by a mixed crew. Your position on board will be that of the Second Engineer. You will take over the responsibilities from the engineer who has held that position. Ask him about location and function of auxiliary machineries, weak points of machinery components, about established watchkeeping procedures, machinery and equipment which are in your charge; make the required entries in the engine room log.

6.2. Words and expressions to be learnt:

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