Деловая и дипломатическая переписка = Business And Diplomatic Correspondence. Учебное пособие

"The OPCW expert team has already returned to The Hague. They have brought samples taken in the United Kingdom. These samples have been broken into several parts and are now being analyzed at two certifies OPCW laboratories", he said. "The results will be made public at the end of this week or at the beginning of the next week".

Many in the West see the danger stemming from the Skripal case and call for cooperation within the OPCW, Shulgin said.

"Manyhere,includingintheWest,seethedangerofthissituation. The top diplomat of the Netherlands, the organization’s home country, calledonRussiayesterdaytodemonstrateutteropennessandcooperate with the OPCW. But this is what we have been saying: we are ready for an open dialogue, we are ready to cooperate both with the OPCW and within the OPCW", he said.

"This is why we are convening an extraordinary session of that organization on April 4. We are making yet another attempt to bring the situation out of the dead end the United Kingdom has brought it in", the Russian diplomat stressed.

The OPCW Executive Council will gather for an extraordinary session at Russia’s initiative on April 4. Ahead of the session, the Russian Foreign Ministry has drawn a list of questions to both the Western countries and the OPCW technical secretariat.

The ministry said earlier it had referred to the OPCW a list of 13 questions related to the Skripal case.

On March 4, former Russian military intelligence officer Sergei Skripal, 66, who had been earlier sentenced in Russia for spying for the UK, and his daughter Yulia, 33, were found unconscious on a bench near the Maltings shopping center in Salisbury, UK. Police said they had been exposed to a nerve agent.

Later, London claimed that the toxin of Novichok-class had been allegedly developed in Russia. With that, the UK rushed to accuse Russia of being involved, while failing to produce any evidence. Moscow refuted the accusations that it had participated in the incident and points out that neither the Soviet Union nor Russia have ever done research into that toxic chemical1.

1 Russia sends note to OPCW demanding access to results of probe into Skripal case // TASS. Russian Politics & Diplomacy. — URL: http://tass.com/politics/997358

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Task2.Read the article and write a note on behalf of RF Embassy to theAustrian MFA.

The Soviet War Memorial desecrated inAustria 10.01.2018

ThedarkpaintwasspilledoverTheSovietWarMemorialsituated in the central part of Vienna, Schwarzenbergplatz Square. Press secretary of the Russian embassy in Vienna Bulat Khaydarov has posted this information on Twitter, RIANovosti reports.

The memorial based on Soviet architect’s and sculptor’s project, was raised right after Vienna liberation in 1945. Local people call it The Liberation Monument or The Russian Monument.

It is presumed that the monument was desecrated in the night of January 10. Bulat Khaydarov has informed that RF Embassy is going to send the note of protest to theAustrian MFA.

It is worth mentioning that many memorials to anti-fascist liberators are dismantled, moved away to suburbs or vandalized in European countries in the last years.

Russkiy Mir1

Task 3. Read the article and write a note on behalf of Russia’s embassy to London to the United Kingdom’s Foreign Office.

Moscow sends note to London listing questions on Skripal case — ministry

MOSCOW, March 31. Russia’s embassy to London sent a note to the UK Foreign Office on Saturday, listing 14 questions over the so-called Skripal poisoning case, Russia’s Foreign Ministry said.

"On March 31, the Embassy of the Russian Federation to London sent a note to the United Kingdom’s Foreign Office. It contains a list of questions about the ‘Skripals case’fabricated against Russia", says the Russian Foreign Ministry’s statement.

Firstly, the Russian Foreign Ministry asked to explain why Russia was denied the right of consular access to the two Russian citizens who came to harm in the United Kingdom and bring to light which

1 The Soviet War Memorial desecrated in Austria // Russkiy Mir. — URL: https://www. russkiymir.ru/en/news/235921/

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antidote had been used for their medical treatment and how such medicines were placed at local medics’disposal.

Secondly, Moscow demands the Foreign Office reveal what helped the UK identify the alleged "Russian origin" of the nerve agent used for poisoning former Russian military intelligence officer Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia. Thirdly, Moscow wonders whether London possesses control samples of the military-grade nerve agent branded as Novichok so that analysis will be carried out to establish whether it was genuinely used.

Moreover, Russia asks a natural question whether samples of the military-grade nerve agent, which the UK refers to as Novichok, or its equivalents have ever been developed in the UK since British apparently have an antidote and they allegedly managed to identify the type of toxic chemical. A sample of that substance should have been needed for comparison.

France’s participation

The note includes a question about France’s involvement in the investigation.

"On what grounds was France involved in technical cooperation in the investigation of the incident, in which Russian citizens were injured?" says a question listed in the document.

Russia’s Foreign Ministry wonders whether the United Kingdom notified the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) about France’s joining the investigation and whether results of the French probe have been submitted to the OPCW Technical Secretariat.

Besides, Russia demands answers what France has to do with the incident involving the two Russian citizens in the UK and what rules of UK procedural legislation allow engaging a foreign state in a national inquiry.

Moscow requested information about what evidence London had handed to Paris to be studied and for the probe to be carried out; whether the UK had the materials of the French inquiries as well as whetherFrenchexpertswerepresentduringthesamplingofbiomaterial from Sergei and Yulia Skripal and, finally, whether the study of biomaterials from Sergei and Yulia Skripal was conducted by the French experts and, if so, in which specific laboratories.

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Skripal poisoning case

On March 4, former Russian military intelligence officer Sergei Skripal, who was earlier sentenced in Russia for spying for the UK, and his daughter Yulia were found unconscious on a bench near the Maltings shopping center in Salisbury, UK. Police said they had been exposed to a nerve agent.

Later, London claimed that the toxin of Novichok-class had been allegedly developed in Russia. With that, the UK rushed to accuse Russia of being involved, while failing to produce any evidence. Moscow refuted the accusations that it had participated in the incident and points out that neither the Soviet Union nor Russia have ever done research into that toxic chemical.

Without providing any proof, London expelled 23 Russian diplomats and suspended all planned high-level bilateral contacts. In response, Moscow expelled the equal number of UK diplomats. In addition, Britain’s consulate in St. Petersburg was ordered to be closed and the British Council’s operations in Russia were terminated1.

Task 4. Read the article and write a note on behalf of the Russian Foreign Ministry to the Bulgarian Foreign Ministry.

Russia Sends Protest Note to Bulgaria Over Soviet Monument Desecration

Russia has sent a note of protest to theBulgarian Foreign Ministry demandingtobringtojusticethoseguiltyofdesecrationofamonument to Soviet warriors.

"We express our deep indignation at the desecration of the monument to Soviet warriors-liberators in Lozenets district in Sofia on the night of August 17", the Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement released Wednesday.

"In light of this outrageous act of vandalism, a note of protest was sent at once to the Bulgarian Foreign Ministry demanding taking measures to prevent incidents of this kind in the future, bringing those guilty of the act to justice and restoring the respectable look of the

1 Moscow sends note to London listing questions on Skripal case — ministry // TASS. Russian Politics & Diplomacy. — URL: http://tass.com/politics/997095

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monument", the ministry continued in the statement, as cited by Ria Novosti.

The Soviet monument was covered in red paint at the night of August 17. This is not the first time that the monument — ossuary of Soviet soldiers has been vandalized. It was painted red on the eve of the celebrations of the 123rd anniversary of the Socialist Movement in Bulgaria and the Day of the Bulgarian Socialist Party onAugust 2.

On May 8, the flags of Ukraine and the European Union were painted on it, with the words "Europe Day instead of Victory Day" in reference to the celebrations of the Day of peace and unity in Europe and of the capitulation of Nazi Germany to the Soviet Union in the Second World War both marked on May 91.

Task 5. Read the article and write a note on behalf of Russia’s foreign ministry to a U.S. diplomat.

Russia hands note of protest to U.S. over plans to search trade mission

MOSCOW (Reuters) — Russia’s foreign ministry has summoned a U.S. diplomat in Moscow to hand him a note of protest over plans to conduct searches in Russia’s trade mission complex in Washington, which should soon be closed, the ministry said in a statement on Saturday.

Russian President Vladimir Putin speaks during a personal sendoff for members of Russian Olympic team at the Kremlin in Moscow, Russia July 27, 2016. REUTERS/Maxim Shemetov Picture Supplied byAction Images

It said it has summoned Anthony F. Godfrey, a deputy chief of mission at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow.

The ministry called the planned "illegal inspection" of Russian diplomatic housing an "unprecedented aggressive action", which could be used by the U.S. special services for "anti-Russian provocations" by the way of "planting compromised items".

1 Russia Sends Protest Note to Bulgaria Over Soviet Monument Desecration // Sofia News Agency. — URL: http://www.novinite.com/articles/162846/Russia+Sends+Protest+Note+to+B ulgaria+Over+Soviet+Monument+Desecration

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TheclosurebySept.2oftheconsulateandbuildingsinWashington and NewYork that house Russian trade missions is the latest in tit-for- tat actions by the two countries that have helped push relations to a new post-Cold War low.

The Kremlin has said the moves to close the Russian facilities pushed bilateral ties further into a dead end.

On Friday, the Russian foreign ministry also said the U.S. special services were prepared for searches in its consulate in San Francisco.

Some media reported that a smoke was billowing from a chimney of the building. Maria Zakharova, the spokeswoman for the ministry, said it was part of a "mothballing".

"In relation to this, the windows could be closed, the light could be turned off, the water could be drained out, the heating appliances could be turned off, the garbage could be thrown away, essential services could be turned off and many other things", she wrote on social media.

Moscow last month ordered the United States to cut its diplomatic and technical staff in Russia by more than half, to 455 people to match the number of Russian diplomats in the United States, after Congress overwhelmingly approved new sanctions against Russia.

Reporting by Vladimir Soldatkin Editing by Ros Russell1

Unit 3.  Memorandum

A memorandum may be a separate and independent document or it may be appended to a personal note or a verbal note. In the latter case the memorandum elaborates and justifies the subject matter dealt with in the note. The distinguishing feature of a memorandum is a detailed exposition of the factual or legal aspects of a particular question. (You can find more information about memorandum in

Appendix I.)

1 Russia hands note of protest to US over plans to search trade mission // Reuters. — URL: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-russia-usa-diplomacy-note/russia-hands-note-of-protest-to- u-s-over-plans-to-search-trade-mission-idUSKCN1BD0GK

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Here you can see the basic rules on how to write memorandum:

1.Memos are brief and direct, usually formatted as a quick paragraph, or an ordered list of information with headings.

2.Formal memorandums should begin by summarizing the purpose of the memo, before listing further information.

3.Although they can be directed at a specific person, memos are intendedtobereadbymultiplepeopleandthereforeshouldnotinclude personal statements1.

Now, let’s discuss interoffice memorandum. Interoffice memoranda are used for correspondence within the Secretariat. They are appropriate for correspondence both within a given duty station and with other duty stations. They are used to record facts, decisions or opinions to which reference may be necessary later, to make or respond to proposals or to convey information. They are incorporated in the official files kept by individual departments or offices.

Each memorandum should normally deal with one subject only. Where a memorandum requires supporting analysis or detailed statistical information, these should be set out in an annex.

There are some rules that should be followed.

Interoffice memoranda should be prepared on letter-size paper headed "INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM (emblem) MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR". They may be written in English or French.

Opposite the printed word "To", the name of the addressee preceded by "Mr", "Mrs", "Miss" or "Ms" should be typed, followed by his or her official title.

The section, division and department should be typed below the name.

Memoranda addressed to more than one person may be prepared in any of the following forms, as appropriate:

1. The names and titles, followed by the names of the division or section and the department or office, in abbreviated form if necessary, may be typed, one under the other, in the space opposite the word "To". If the sender and the addressee(s) are in the same department, the department is mentioned only once. If the word "Through" is not

1 http://howtowritealetter.net/letter-of-memorandum.html

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applicable, it may be deleted to provide extra space. The original should be sent to the senior addressee and copies to the other addressees.

2.The names and titles, followed by the name of the division or section and of the department or office, in abbreviated form if necessary, may be given on a separate page, in which case the words "See attached list" should be typed opposite the word "To".

3.А memorandum may be addressed to groups of addressees, such as "All directors and chiefs of section", and reproduced in ditto or in any other appropriate form.

4.А memorandum may, if there are many addressees, be typed on ditto, with the name of the addressees given in a separate list.

5.А memorandum may be typed once, with the name omitted after "To". It may then be photocopied and the names may be inserted on each of the copies. Where desirable, the list of addressees may be attached.

When a memorandum is sent through an intermediary, the name of the intermediary, normally preceded by "Mr", "Mrs", "Miss" or "Ms" and followed by the official title, should be typed after the word "Through". The section, division and department should appear on the next line, with the department in abbreviated form if space is not sufficient. If the sender and addressee are in the same department, the department may be omitted from the address of the sender.

After the printed word "From" the name of the sender (without "Mr","Mrs","Miss"or"Ms")shouldbetyped,followedbythesenders official title. The section or division and the department should appear on the next line.

A concise statement of the subject matter should appear opposite the printed word "Subject". The subject should be typed in lowercase letters with an initial capital for the first word and in single spacing. It should be underlined completely, whether on one line or more. If any of the elements mentioned above is too long to fit on one line, the text may be continued, indented two spaces, on a second line.

As you can see, the date — given in the form "10 April 2018" — and the reference number should be entered in the appropriate spaces provided on the right-hand side of the page.

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If a memorandum is confidential and/or personal, the word "CONFIDENTIAL" or "PERSONAL" or the words "PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL" should appear one and one-half spa* below the word "Reference".

On all carbon copies the initials of the drafting official, uppercase letters followed by an oblique line and the initial: the typist, also in upper-case letters, e. g.AB/CD, should be typed ending two spaces from the upper right-hand corner of the page.

When two or more persons collaborate in the drafting of memorandum, the initials of all of the persons concerned should be given, those of the person having primary responsibility being given first, e. g. AB/CD/EF. If a person makes minor changes on draft prepared by someone else, his or her initials should not appear.

The left-hand margin should normally be aligned with the printed word "Subject". If the memorandum is short, the margin may, for aesthetic reasons, be aligned with the first letter of the typewritten indication of the subject. The right-hand margin is of about 15 spaces when the left-hand margin is aligned with the first letter of the word "Subject", and of about 20 spaces when the memorandum is short and the left-hand margin is aligned with the first letter of the typewritten indication of the subject.

Example:

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The text of a memorandum should begin four or more line below thelastlineofthesubject,dependingonthelengthofthememorandum. Single spacing is normally used, although short memoranda (15 lines or less) may be typed in one-and-one-half spacing.

Interoffice memoranda should be signed or initialed either beside the name of the sender at the top of the page or at the end of the text. (From "United Nations Correspondence Manual")

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1.The Federal Environmental, Industrial and Nuclear Supervision Service (the Russian Federation) and the Nuclear Regulatory Authority (Japan) (hereafter referred to as "the Sides") have reached the common recognition.

2.Confirming their mutual interests in pursuing co-operation in the field of nuclear and radiation safety and radiation safety regulation within the framework of the Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of Japan for Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy (hereinafter referred to as "The Agreement") entered into force on 3 May 2012 the Sides have reached the common recognition.

3.In accordance with the legislation of the respective countries, the Sides will promote their co-operation in the field of nuclear and radiation safety in the peaceful use of nuclear energy in the following areas: legislation for nuclear and radioactive safety, oversight and control activities including the development and implementation of inspection programs, quality assurance of equipment for nuclear facilities.

4.Cooperation under this Memorandum will be implemented in the following ways, subject to further specification and consent by the Sides in each specific case: exchange of information, expert visits, joint seminars and consultations.

5.Each Side will designate anAdministrator responsible for the identification of the specific areas of co-operation and for the implementation of all activities under this Memorandum.

6.Information exchange under this Memorandum will not be disclosedortransferredtoanythirdpartywithoutpriorwrittenconsent of the Side which transferred this information.

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