Professional Career in Food Industry. Tutorial

5. Make a list of professional terms with their translation: food process, thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, transport phenomena, computer programming, microprocessor applications, statistics, engineering economics, thermal processing, physical and engineering properties of foods, food packaging, food processing equipment

6.Explain in Russian what the term rheology means.

7.Explain in English: What does Latin phrase “pro and con” mean?

Text reading and comprehension. Read and translate the following text orally.

TEXT: GETTING WORK EXPERIENCE OR STUDYING

MASTER’S DEGREE

Having obtained the Bakalavr’s degree a person has to make a decision – to apply for a job or to continue studies and deepen the level of knowledge. Thus the problem is what to do next after finishing the first-cycle (undergraduate) studies. What’s better: to get a second-cycle degree (Magistr’s degree) or to find job and gain work experience?

The answer depends on the carefully made choice taking into account all “pro and con”. To start your job career is better with work requiring practical approach with application of knowledge received during the university course. You can get some skills only through practice.

It should be added that postgraduate students often say that studying magistr’s (masters’s) programme is very hard, it is necessary that you enjoy gaining new information to finalize the programme. Another point is to decide if you could support yourself financially while studying.

By the way, you shouldn’t forget that it is hard to apply for jobs that offer you a competitive salary if you have just stepped out of university. Usually the employers demand work experience. And don’t forget about your work potential.

Working instead of studying a magistr’s degree doesn’t necessarily mean you are not acquiring fresh knowledge to stay competitive. You can earn a certificate for each skill you would like to strengthen. You may use each certificate to receive an official recognition on your level of knowledge.

On the other hand, while studying magistr’s (masters’s) programmes you will get deeper understanding that Food engineering applies engineering principles to food processing equipment; that the food engineer’s fundamental tool is mathematics. Chemistry and microbiology are also

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important disciplines because the processes may involve chemical reactions, microbial interactions, or both.

The information on Food engineering says that students should gain a thorough understanding of thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, and transport phenomena applied to food processes. Knowledge of computer programming, microprocessor applications, statistics, and engineering economics is encouraged. Courses in thermal processing, physical and engineering properties of foods, rheology, and food packaging are also important.

So again and again you will think over this difficult question to make a final decision about your future professional career.

(Selected and adapted from https://foodscience.cals.cornell.edu/ graduate/ ms-and- phd-research-concentrations/food-engineering-concentration)

ASSIGNMENTS

1.Speaking activity. Give a short answer to the question: What advantages do the magistr’s programmes give in searching for a well-paid job?

2.Ask your friend what skills he can get only through practice at Food production factory.

3.Find the correct Russian equivalents to the following phrases:

-Work. To look for work, to get work, to find work, to do work;

-Living. To make living, to earn living, to do for living;

-Job. To look for a job, to have a job, to take on a job, to offer a job, to get a job, to find a job, to do a job.

4.Explain: What salary do you expect to have during the first year of work at the canned food factory?

5.Translation practice. Translate the words in brackets into

English.

Young (люди) like to have work with flexi time (система). Most of them can (выбрать) what time to start and finish. However, there must be core time which is from 10 till 3. You should (работать) for a minimum of

37 hours a week and (обычно) you shouldn’t work (больше) than 41 hours.

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- To start your job career is better with work requiring practical approach with

_____________ of knowledge received during the university course.

a) purpose b) application c) potential d) position

9. Food Science Basics. Translate the following text in a written form using a dictionary. Make a list of terms referring to Food production.

Food processing

Food processing is the transformation of raw ingredients, by physical or chemical means into food, or of food into other forms. Food processing combines raw food ingredients to produce marketable food products that can be easily prepared and served by the consumer.

Food processing typically involves activities such as mincing and macerating, liquefaction, emulsification, and cooking (such as boiling, broiling, frying, or grilling); pickling, pasteurization, and many other kinds of preservation; and canning or other packaging. (Primaryprocessing such as dicing or slicing, freezing or drying when leading to secondary products are also included.).

Food processing dates back to the prehistoric ages when crude processing incorporated fermenting, sun drying, salt-preservation, and various types of cooking (such as roasting, smoking, steaming, and oven baking). Such basic food processing involved chemical enzymatic changes to the basic structure of food in its natural form, as well served to build a barrier against surface microbial activity that caused rapid decay.

Salt-preservation was especially common for foods that constituted warrior and sailors' diets until the introduction of canning methods. Evidence for the existence of these methods can be found in the writings of the ancient Greek, Chaldean, Egyptian and Roman civilizations as well as archaeological evidence from Europe, North and South America and Asia.

These tried and tested processing techniques remained essentially the same until the advent of the industrial revolution. Examples of ready-meals also date back to before the preindustrial revolution, and include dishes such as Cornish pasty and Haggis. Both during ancient times and today in modern society these are considered processed foods.

Modern food processing technology of the 19th and 20th centuries was developed in a large part to serve military needs. In 1809, Nicolas Appert invented a hermetic bottling technique that would preserve food for French troops, which ultimately contributed to the development of tinning,

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and subsequently canning by Peter Durand in 1810. Although initially expensive and somewhat hazardous due to the lead used in cans, canned goods would later become a staple around the world. Pasteurization, discovered by Louis Pasteur in 1864, improved the quality of preserved foods and introduced the wine, beer, and milk preservation.

In the 20th century, World War II, the space race and the rising consumer society in developed countries contributed to the growth of food processing with such advances as spray drying, evaporation, juice concentrates, freeze drying and the introduction of artificial sweeteners, colouring agents, and such preservatives as sodium benzoate. In the late 20th century, products such as dried instant soups, reconstituted fruits and juices, and self-cooking meals such as MRE* food ration were developed.

In Western Europe and North America, the second half of the 20th century witnessed a rise in the pursuit of convenience. Food processing companies marketed their products especially towards middle-class working wives and mothers. Frozen foods (often credited to Clarence Birdseye) found their success in sales of juice concentrates and "TV dinners". Processors utilized the perceived value of time to appeal to the postwar population, and this same appeal contributes to the success of convenience foods today.

Note: MRE* – Meal-ready-to eat

(Selected and adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processing)

UNIT 8. THINK BEFORE CHOOSING A CAREER

PRE-TEXT EXERCISES

1.Vocabulary study. Check if you read these words correctly: experiences, expectation, environment, preferred

2.Explain the meaning of the compound nouns: deadlines,

guidelines, breadwinner

3.Translate the following verbs into Russian: to look for, to think through, to realize, to enjoy

4.Explain the phrases from the text: to receive compliments, to

provide a solution, to deliver projects, to be well on one’s way (to)

5. Find the correct translation or interpretation the phrase: work-life balance

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Text reading and comprehension. Read and translate the following text orally. Use a dictionary if necessary.

TEXT: THINK BEFORE CHOOSING A CAREER

Since we all have different skills, interests, experiences and expectations, there is no one career that is best for everyone. So how can you choose the career that is best especially for you?

Whether you are trying to decide where to look for your first job or thinking about a possible career change, here’s what you should consider when thinking through this important decision:

What are your natural talents?

We all have natural talents, certain tasks that come easy to us. When we use our natural talents, time moves fast and we tend to receive compliments for our abilities. Knowing where your natural talents lie is key to choosing the right career. What do you always enjoy doing, and how can those skills be applied to a future job? These are questions to be answered.

What’s your work style?

Each of us has a preferred work style, even if we don’t realize it. That style can sometimes conflict with a career choice. For example, a flexible work environment might allow you to deliver projects on various dates, while a structured environment would require specific deadlines and strict guidelines. What works are better for you? In which environment do you tend to work?

Where do you like to work?

What’s your preferred work location? How often do you like to work away from home? Do you mind traveling for your job? Perhaps it’s better to avoid careers that require a lot of moving around.

Do you enjoy social interaction?

Do you like working with others or as part of a team? Are you motivated by the needs of others and your ability to provide a solution? How important to you is work-life balance?

How much money do you want to make?

As you look forward in life, what are your expectations for money? You might be single now, but maybe you hope to become your future family’s breadwinner.

Recognize that you’ll change as time rolls on. Your needs for money, freedom, balance, and recognition will change with you. But for now, think

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through each of these ideas, and you’ll be well on your way to choosing a career that’s best for you.

(Selected and adapted from http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices- careers/2010/12/06/how-to-choose-a-career-thats-best-for-you)

ASSIGNMENTS

1.Speaking activity. Give a short answer to the question: Why is it important to know if a person can deal well with stress?

2.Ask your friend if he likes working on his own, or with others in a team and why.

3.Ask your friend if he would rather work outdoors or indoors, in an office or in the laboratory.

4.Explain what work location you would prefer and why.

5.Give ideas to answer the questions:

Why is it important to know English nowadays? Will it help to get a good job? Will it give a chance to get work in international company?

6.Writing activity. Rewrite the sentences, choosing the end of each sentence from the ones given below.

-Learning any foreign language is not …

-It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of ….

-It is well known that reading books in English, communicating with the English-speaking people …

-When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the…

The end of the sentences: time and patience, native speakers, an easy thing, will help a lot.

7.Translation practice. Translate the following extract into Russian.

Like many people, you may be wondering how to choose the right career. The most important thing you can do when you are trying to pick a career is to choose one that is right for you. Finding out what career is a good fit for you is truly all that matters. Ignore people who tell you what

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type of work to pursue. Because you will pour so much of yourself into your job, and spend so much time at work, your career must be suitable for you.

It has to fit well with your interests, and personality type. It has to have job duties that you can see yourself performing day in and day out, you must be willing to do everything you must to prepare for it, and it needs to have a good outlook for years to come. If a career fits these criteria, there is a better chance you will be satisfied with it and enjoy your work.

(Selected and adapted from https://www.thebalance.com/how-to-choose-a-career- 524776)

8.Grammar point. Construct grammatically correct sentences using Prepositional phrases with: of, about, on through, to, with, around, in, into, for

Example: You should decide yourself where to look (to, for, about) your first job. = You should decide yourself where to look for your first job. =

Вам следует решить самому, где искать работу.

1.My career prospects don’t deal (to, with, on) money.

2.My thoughts are aimed (to, at, on) further training or education after finishing the secondary school.

3.He has a great talent (to, for, in) delivering different projects in

public.

4.When making my choice, I selected jobs with travelling and moving (around, on, in, into) the country.

5.After thinking (of, about, on) the change in working hours I agreed (on, about, to) his offer.

9.Test-sentences. Choose the correct words to fill in the blank:

-We all have natural talents, certain tasks that come easy to us. When we use our natural talents, time moves fast and we tend to receive compliments for our ________.

-Knowing where your natural talents lie is key to choosing the

_________career.

-What do you always enjoy doing, and how can those ______be applied to a future job?

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10. Food Science Basics. Translate the following text in a written form using a dictionary. Make a list of words and word combinations referring to Food production.

Food quality

Food quality is the quality characteristics of food that is acceptable to consumers. This includes many external factors as appearance (size, shape, colour, gloss, and consistency), texture, and flavour, grade standards (e.g. of eggs), and internal factors (chemical, physical, microbial).

Food quality is an important food manufacturing requirement. Many consumers also rely on manufacturing and processing standards, particularly to know what ingredients are present, due to dietary, nutritional requirements (kosher, halal, vegetarian), or medical conditions (e.g. diabetes, or allergies).

Besides ingredient quality, there are also sanitation requirements. It is important to ensure that the food processing environment is as clean as possible in order to produce the safest possible food for the consumer.

Food quality also deals with packaging, labeling issues to ensure there is correct ingredient and nutritional information.

There are many existing international quality institutes testing food products in order to indicate to all consumers which are higher quality products. Founded in 1961 in Brussels, The International Monde Selection quality award is the oldest in evaluating food quality. The judgments are based on the following areas: taste, health, convenience, labelling, packaging, environmental friendliness and innovation. As many consumers rely on manufacturing and processing standards, the Institute Monde Selection takes into account the European Food Law.

(Selected and adapted from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_quality)

UNIT 9. SEVEN STEPS TO TAKE BEFORE CHOOSING A CAREER

PRE-TEXT EXERCISES

1.Vocabulary study. Check if you read these words correctly: requirements, agencies, to pursue

2.Explain the meaning of the nouns: opportunity, a list, selfevaluation, obstacle, resource, assistance

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3.Translate the following verbs into Russian: to assess, to conduct, to explore, to recommend, to narrow, to eliminate, to review, to disappoint, to decline, to address smb

4.Translate the adjectives into Russian: attainable, achievable, flexible, individual, educational, specific, informational

5.Explain the phrases from the text: career option, in-depth details, annual salary, assessment tests, short-term goals, long-term goals, to become acquainted (with), vocational training

Text reading and comprehension. Read and translate the following text-instruction orally. Use a dictionary if necessary.

TEXT-INSTRUCTION: SEVEN STEPS TO TAKE BEFORE

CHOOSING A CAREER

Before choosing a satisfying career read the following instruction. Learn about the job responsibilities, employment opportunities, and training or education requirements before pursuing a specific career.

Follow these steps to narrow potential career options:

1.Assess yourself. Each individual has different goals, talents, interests, and values. In other words, there are certain careers that an individual should not pursue. Determine what you would enjoy after conducting thorough self-evaluation.

2.Make a list of potential occupations. After conducting some self-

assessment, it should be obvious what types of careers you would look for. Select 5 or 10 careers and create a new list with these choices. When making your choices, select jobs that interest you and are recommended by career assessment tests.

3. Explore the options. Learn about each potential career after narrowing your list. Be sure to learn about educational or training requirements, job duties, employment outlook, annual earnings, and promotion opportunities. Information can be obtained from the Internet, but try to meet with a professional in each field to obtain in-depth details about each profession. If you do not know professionals in these fields, contact with employment agencies. You will probably find that you have relatives, colleagues, and schoolmates currently working in fields that interest you. During an interview, collect details about annual salary annual salary

4. Narrow down your list. Eliminate careers that no longer interest you after thoroughly reviewing each one. Many people become

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