Английский язык. Практикум для студентов заочной формы обучения

6.He ______ coffee when she _____the kitchen.

A)was making / entered

B)made / was entering

C)made / enter

7.He _____ his car for 2 weeks on Wednesday.

A)is repairing

B)will have been repairing

C)will be repairing

8.I think it can _____ with no help at all.

10. You _____ touch that wire. Haven’t you seen the ‘high voltage’

11. We ______ meet at 7, but my car had a puncture and I was late. A) were to B) ought to C) have to

12. You ____ the public library if you ___ round the corner right over there.

A) see / will turn B) will see / will turn C) will see / turn

13.If it _____, he _____ for a walk.

A)didn’t rain / would go

B)doesn’t rain / would go

C)won’t rain / will go

14.Everybody saw him ______ it, but nobody said anything.

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Task 2. Подберите слово, подходящее по смыслу высказывания. Напишите буквуA, B или C на листе для ответов.

16. There are _____ biscuits left, help yourself if you are hungry. A) little B) few C) a few

17.No,theyhaven’treturnedfromtheexpeditionyet,_______Iknow. A) so far as B) so far that C) as far as

18. It’s so easy, ______ can do it without any special training.

Task3.Прочитайтетекстспропусками,обозначенныминомерами 26–30. Вставьте в текст подходящее по смыслу слово. Напишите буквуA, B или C на листе для ответов.

Avolcanoisanopeninginaplanet’s21.___orcrust,whichallows hot, molten rock, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. Volcanic activity involving the extrusion of rock tends to form 22. ___

over a period of time. Volcanoes are generally found where tectonic plates are pulled 23. ___ or come together. An oceanic ridge, for instance, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has examples of 24. ___ caused by the first; the Pacific Ring of Fire has examples of volcanoes caused by tectonic 25. ___ coming together. By contrast, volcanoes are usually not created where two plates slide past one another.

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Task 4. Составьте предложения, соблюдая правильный порядок слов. Напишите предложение на листе для ответов.

26.a / Susan / for / is / her / making / dress / party / new / birthday.

27.attention / lecturer / with / listened / everybody / the / to / great.

28.theatre / you / fond / are / of / going / the / to?

29.you / what / brought / of / kind / friend / has / your / book?

30.not / to / I / allowed / theatre / be / to / shall / the / go.

Task 5. Прочитайте текст и выберите правильные утверждения. Напишите букву А, В или С на листе для ответов.

Thanksgiving Day

Thanksgiving Day is a holiday celebrated primarily in the United States and Canadа. Traditionally, it has been a time to give thanks to God. Currently, in Canada, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October and in the United States, it is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November.

Thanksgiving in North America had originated from a mix of European and Native traditions. Typically in Europe, festivals were held before and after the harvest cycles to give thanks to God for a good harvest, to rejoice together after much hard work with the rest of the community.At the time, NativeAmericans had also celebrated the end of a harvest season.When Europeans first arrived to theAmericas, they brought with them their own harvest festival traditions from Europe, celebrating their safe voyage, peace and good harvest.

The origins of the first Thanksgiving in Canada goes back to an explorer, Martin Frobisher, who had been trying to find a northern passage to the Pacific Ocean. Frobisher’s celebration was not for harvest, but for homecoming. He had safely returned from an unsuccessfulsearchfortheNorthwestPassage,avoidingcertaindeath. In the year 1578, Frobisher held a formal ceremony in Newfoundland to give thanks for surviving the long journey. Years later, the tradition of a feast continued as more settlers arrived to the Canadian colonies.

The reason for the earlier Thanksgiving celebrations in Canada has often been attributed to the earlier onset of winter in the north,

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thus ending the harvest season earlier. Thanksgiving in Canada did not have a fixed date until the late 19th century. Prior to Canadian confederation, many of the individual colonial governors of the Canadian provinces had declared their own days ofThanksgiving.The first official Canadian Thanksgiving occurred onApril 15, 1872 when thenationwascelebratingthePrinceofWales’recoveryfromaserious illness. By the end 19th Century, Thanksgiving Day was normally celebrated on November 6. However, when World War I ended, the Armistice Day holiday was usually held during the same week. To prevent the two holidays from clashing with one another, in 1957 the Canadian Parliament proclaimed Thanksgiving to be observed on its present date.

Thanksgiving in the United States was observed on various dates throughout history. The first Thanksgiving which was celebrated on a fixed day was in 1863, in an effort by President Abraham Lincoln to foster a sense of American unity between the Northern and Southern states. By the middle of the 20th century, the final Thursday in November had become the customary day of Thanksgiving in most U.S. states. It was not until December 26, 1941, however, that President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a bill into law with Congress, making Thanksgiving a national holiday and settling it to the fourth Thursday in November.

31.According to the text, Thanksgiving is _____.

A)a NativeAmerican Holiday

B)a European celebration

C)a mixture of European andAmerican traditions

32.On that day, early colonists did not celebrate ______.

A)good harvest

B)discovery ofAmerica

C)safe journey

33.Canadian celebration precedes the US one because ______.

A)the holiday originated here

B)harvest season in Canada ends earlier

C)that’s when Frobisher discovered Canada

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34.People in Canada have never celebrated Thanksgiving on ______.

A)April, 15

B)July, 4

C)November, 6

35.Thanksgiving was made a national US holiday by _______.

A)Franklin Roosevelt

B)Martin Frobisher

C)Abraham Lincoln

Task 6. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски предложениями отA до F. Одно предложение в списке лишнее. Напишите буквуA, B, C, D, E или F на листе для ответов.

The Disappearing Honeybee

Do you run away when you hear a bee buzzing? Many people do. 36. ___ But did you know that bees are very important to humans? Honeybees do more than just make honey. They fly around and pollinate flowers, plants, and trees. 37. ___ One third of America’s food supply is pollinated by the honeybee.

Have you seen or heard a honeybee lately? Bees are mysteriously disappearing in many parts of the world. Most people don’t know about this problem. It is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Some North American beekeepers lost 80 % of their hives from 2006–2008. 38. ___

The disappearance of the honeybee is a serious problem. Can you imagine never eating another blueberry? What about almonds and cherries? Without honeybees food prices will skyrocket. The poorest people always suffer the worst when there is a lack of food.

This problem affects other foods besides fresh produce. Imagine losing your favourite ice cream! Haagen Daaz is a famous ice cream company. 39. ___ In 2008 Haagen Daaz began raising money for CCD. They also created a website called helpthehoneybee.com.

Donating money to research is the most important thing humans can do to save the honeybees. Scientists need money to investigate the

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B. TESTS OF GRAMMAR, VOCABULARY AND READING

Вариант 1

Task 1. Выберите правильную грамматическую форму. Напишите букву А, В или С на листе для ответов.

1. When the manager _______, the secretary ___________ the letters.

5. I think it›s not a very good idea to sign the contract. We ______ at this point at least.

A) shouldn’t do it B) oughtn’t do it C) mustn’t do it

6. Nobody is answering the phone. They _____________ already. A) must leave B) must have left C) must be leaving

7. We must decrease the rates in order __________ more customers.

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Task 2. Прочитайте предложения. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово.

11.Totellthetruth,I’veneverfound___________researchinteresting. A) science B) scientist C) scientific

12. Let’s now talk about the ______ of delivery. A) terms B) conditions C) rules

13. Marketing is the key weapon today. First, we need to identify our

_________ segment.

A) purpose B) target C) aim

14. _______ we know enough already, let’s consider our next step. A) since B) but C) when

15.That model is _________ than their previous one.

A)much expensiver

B)far most expensive

C)way more expensive

Task 3. Прочитайте текст и выберите правильные утверждения. Напишите букву А, В или С на листе для ответов.

Corporation

Corporation is an organization that allows people to associate togetherforacommonpurposeunderacommonname.Thecorporation hascertainprivileges,includingtherighttobuyandsellproperty,enter into contracts, sue and be sued, and borrow and lend money.Although corporations account for only about 20 percent of all businesses in the United States, they generate about 90 percent of all business income. Most other businesses are either sole proprietorships, owned by one person, or partnerships, owned by a small group of people. Unlike the ownersofcorporations,theownersofproprietorshipsandpartnerships are usually involved in the daily operations of the business.

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Somecorporationsareusuallycreatedbycities,towns,andvillages, to carry out such governmental functions as collecting taxes and raising capital through the sale of bonds. National governments may also organize corporations to undertake specific objectives that may be too dangerous, too large, or unprofitable for private enterprises. For example, the U.S. government created the Tennessee ValleyAuthority in 1933 to develop power, control floods, and provide irrigation along the Tennessee River.

Non-government corporations are founded and owned by an individual or a group of individuals. If their stock is not for sale to the general public, they are called private. Other corporations are owned by many individuals. The general public can purchase their stock on a stock exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange. These companies are sometimes referred to as publicly traded or publicly held companies. The largest businesses in the United States, Canada, and many other countries operate as public corporations.

Corporations are known as joint-stock companies because they are jointly owned by different persons who receive shares of stock in exchange for an investment of money. Corporations often issue two types of stock, common stock and preferred stock. Each share of common stock entitles the owner to one vote on decisions made by stockholders. Common stockholders usually must approve changes in corporate policy, such as an amendment of the corporate charter. Common stockholders share in the corporation’s profits. Corporations either distribute these profits to the stockholders in the form of dividends or reinvest them in the corporation, thus increasing the value of the shareholders’investment.

Common stockholders also elect the board of directors. The board of directors determines basic corporate policy and selects the top officers of the corporation, such as the chief executive officer, to manage operations. The law imposes a duty on the officers and directorstorunthecorporationinthebestinterestsofthestockholders, and stockholders can bring legal suits against them. If a majority of stockholders are dissatisfied with the management of a corporation, they can vote out a board of directors and bring about a change in management.

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16.Thetextdoesnotsayanythingaboutthecorporaterightto_______.

A)buy and sell property

B)create villages

C)take legal action

17.Government corporations undertake projects that _______.

A)are too large for private investors

B)entail substantial financial risks

C)develop power

18.Acompany is called public if _______.

A)it is set up by the state

B)it was founded by a group of individuals

C)its shares are sold on stock exchanges

19.Common shareholders do not _______.

A)get dividends

B)recruit new staff

C)vote on strategic decisions

20.The Board of Directors is responsible to _______.

A)shareholders

B)Chief Executive Officer

C)management

Task 4. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски предложениями отAдо F. Одно предложение в списке лишнее. Напишите буквуA, B, C, D, E или F на листе для ответов.

Modern Indian Economy

Indian economic policy after independence was influenced by the colonial experience, which was seen by Indian leaders as exploitative. 21. ___ Steel, mining, machine tools, telecommunications, insurance, andpowerplants,amongotherindustries,wereeffectivelynationalised in the mid-1950s.

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