Английскй учебник

1.The more laws the less justice.

2.Who knows most believes least.

3.Kind words are worth much and they cost little.

4.Little enemies and little wounds must not be despised.

5.Better to ask a question than to remain ignorant.

6.The hardest work of all is to do nothing.

7.It is better to finish something than begin.

8.Not to know is bad, not to wish to know is worse.

4. . ' !-. .

1. This method is as effective as the previous one. 2. The period is twice as long as a semester. 3. Inform us as soon as possible. 4. His attempt is not as efficient as his colleague’s one. 5. The more you work, the better you study. 6. The better you communicate with people, the more clients you have. 7. The more communication there is, the more difficult it is for communication to succeed. 8. I tried to express my ideas as clearly as I could. 9. The situation was not so emotionally charged as the last talk with the parents. 10. The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 11. Listening effectively is just as important as talking effectively and is a key to basic communication skills. 12. There are a lot of programs which promise instant success in public speaking. If you come across any one of them, run away as fast as you can.

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6. .

1.How do we receive communication from others?

2.Why do we say that communication is irreversible?

3.What do we usually swap?

4.Why is communication complicated?

5.What does “psychological context” mean?

6.How does cultural context affect the communication?

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Relational context, which concerns your reactions to the other person - the "mix."

Situational context deals with the psycho-social "where" you are communicating. An interaction that takes place in a classroom will be very different from one that takes place in a bar.

Environmental context deals with the physical "where" you are communicating. Furniture, location, noise level, temperature, season, time of day, all are examples of factors in the environmental context.

Cultural context includes all the learned behaviours and rules that affect the interaction. If you come from a culture (foreign or within your own country) where it is considered rude to make long, direct eye contact, you will out of politeness avoid eye contact. If the other person comes from a culture where long, direct eye contact signals trustworthiness, then we have in the cultural context a basis for misunderstanding.

7..

1.Remember a basic principle of communication: _______________

a. be polite with others

b. listen to people attentively c. people are not mind readers.

2.Interpersonal communication is irreversible according to the proverb: ____________

a. “Look before you leap”

b. “Once a word goes out of your mouth, you can never swallow it again” c. “Soft words win hard hearts”.

3.There is no form of simple communication because _____________

a.we exchange ideas

b.we swap feelings and ideas

c.we swap symbols that stand for ideas.

4.A tongue-in-cheek maxim is _____________

a. a real principle of communication

b. humorous reminding of the difficulty of accurate communication c. the fact that if communication can fail, it will.

5.All the learned behaviours and rules that affect the interaction are considered as __________

a. cultural context of communication

b. psychological context of communication c. situational context of communication.

6.Noise level, temperature, season, time of day are examples of factors in _____________

a.situational context of communication

b.environmental context of communication

c.psychological context of communication.

8. . .

Inescapable, irreversible, complicated, contextual, inevitably, involved, inherent, interaction

1.Impossible to avoid. _____________

2.The quality, state or process of (two or more things) acting on each other. __________

3.Not easy to understand or analyze. ____________

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4.Connected by participation or association. _____________

5.Incapable of being returned to the original state. _______________

6.Involving in the circumstances in which an event occurs. ____________

7.Invariably occurring or appearing. ____________

8.Existing as an essential constituent or characteristic. __________

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communicative

understand the body language well

listen effectively

express feelings easily

express thoughts and ideas clearly

well-skilled

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1. When I first meet someone, ____________________

A)I wait for the other person to make the introduction first.

B)I introduce myself with a smile and offer a handshake.

C)I hug (!) the person.

Answer:

Best answer: B. It's good to initiate the introduction and introduce yourself with a handshake and smile. If shaking hands is difficult, a quick head nod is a good substitute. Initiating the introduction with a smile and handshake (or head nod) helps build rapport.

By looking at the answers A and C, you can deduce a few self evident realities.

A represents a conservative culture where it might be customary to let the other person speak first, as a matter of respect.

C May not be an appropriate especially if the other person is a tight lipped Brit. This is one of the main reasons why everyone should move beyond the movie stereotypes and actively engage in developing their interpersonal communication skills.

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UNIT4. WHAT IS TELEPHONING?

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1. ) 1-# ; !) 2-# ; 3) 3-# .

do, did, done, refer, referred, transmit, is, arise, arose, arisen, have, had, has, resolves, set, was, were, are, speak, spoke, spoken, hold, held, become, became, dial, make, made, build, built, come, came, began, begun, begin, flowed, flow .

2. ,

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receives, around the world, separated, will consider, may be part of, has adapted, used, a portable handset, recognize, have entered, will build, is going to dispute, to alert, had connected, became, to speak, reproduce, remains, is coming in, clarified, confusing, is to allow, hoped to resolve, can be used.

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… is widely recognized; a call is coming in …; … are usually built; which communicates by radio; … is connected by a pair of wires; … has been adapted to many languages; …. receives sound; … still remains; … were not clarified by …; …. did pioneering experimental work; … has a portable handset; …. has long been considered; … is widely recognized; which reproduces the voice; … hoped to resolve the patent claims.

4. , “telephone” -

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1. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system. 2. Older phones have a telephone dial.

3. A caller is the person who telephones. 4. If the telephone rings in English, don't be afraid to answer it!

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“telephone”.

All telephones have a microphone to speak into, an earphone which reproduces the voice of the other person, a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in, and a keypad (or in older phones a telephone dial) to enter the telephone number of the telephone being called.

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1.Speak slowly and clearly. 2. Don't pretend to understand everything you hear over the telephone.

3.Learn the appropriate expressions that English speakers use when they don't hear something properly. 4. Don't be afraid to remind the person to slow down more than once. 5. Keep your telephone in an area that is away from other noise distractions such as a radio or television. 6. Take the time to learn how to answer the phone and say goodbye in a polite manner, as well as all the various ways one can start and end a conversation casually. 7. Practise saying dates and numbers aloud.

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ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL - BRIEF BIOGRAPHY

Born on March 3, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland, Alexander Graham Bell (to be) the son and grandson of authorities in elocution and the correction of speech. Educated to pursue a career in the same specialty, his knowledge of the nature of sound (to lead) him not only to teach the deaf, but also to invent the telephone.

In the 1870s, two inventors Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell both independently (to design) devices that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone). Both men (to rush) their

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respective designs to the patent office within hours of each other, Alexander Graham Bell (to patent) his telephone first. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell (to enter) into a famous legal battle over the invention of the telephone, which Bell (to win).

Alexander Graham Bell's notebook entry of 10 March 1876 (to describe) his successful experiment with the telephone. Speaking through the instrument to his assistant, Thomas A. Watson, in the next room, Bell (to utter) these famous first words, "Mr. Watson -- come here -- I want to see you."

8. .

TEXT

TELEPHONE INFORMATION

The telephone (from the Greek: τ6λε, tēle, "far" and φωνή, phōnē, "voice"), often colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to each other. It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world, and has long been considered indispensable to businesses, households and governments. The word "telephone" has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around the world.

All telephones have a microphone to speak into, an earphone which reproduces the voice of the other person, a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in, and a keypad (or in older phones a telephone dial) to enter the telephone number of the telephone being called. The microphone and earphone are usually built into a handset which is held up to the face to talk. The keypad may be part of the handset or of a base unit to which the handset would be connected. A landline telephone is connected by a pair of wires to the telephone network, while a mobile phone or cell phone is portable and communicates with the telephone network by radio. A cordless telephone has a portable handset which communicates by radio with a base station connected by wire to the telephone network, and can only be used within a limited range of the base station.

The early history of the telephone became and still remains a confusing morass of claims and counterclaims, which were not clarified by the large number of lawsuits that hoped to resolve the patent claims of many individuals and commercial competitors. The Bell and Edison patents, however, were forensically victorious and commercially decisive. Credit for the invention of the electric telephone is frequently disputed, and new controversies over the issue have arisen from time to time. As with other great inventions such as radio, television, the light bulb, and the computer, there were several inventors who did pioneering experimental work on voice transmission over a wire and improved on each other's ideas. Innocenzo Manzetti, Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis, Elisha Gray, Alexander Graham Bell, and Thomas Edison, among others, have all been credited with pioneering work on the telephone. An undisputed fact is that Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be awarded a patent for the electric telephone by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in March 1876. That first patent by Bell was the master patent of the telephone, from which all other patents for electric telephone devices flowed.

9. .

1.What is a telephone?

2.What is the basic function of the phone?

3.What does it consist of?

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4.What is the difference between landline telephones and mobile phones?

5.Is a mobile phone the same as a cordless telephone?

6.What have you learned about the history of the telephone?

7.Why is invention of the electric telephone frequently disputed?

8.What fact is considered undisputed?

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1.appliance, device, apparatus, design, machine

2.radio, television, telephone, computer, forum

3.keypad, dial, number, microphone, earphone, ringer

4.mobile, forensic, cordless, landline, portable, cell

5.lawsuits, patents, counterclaims, controversies, claims.

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Model: A telephone connects …

A telephone is connected ….

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