41. Adjectives after verbs.

42. What Morphological Characteristics do adverbs have?

Some adverbs (mainly those of manner) may change their d form to express degrees of comparison.

Positive degree	Comparative degree	Superlative degree
quickly	more quickly	most quickly
slowly	slower	slowest
well	better	best
One-syllable adverbs
Fast	Faster	Faster
Tight	Tighter	Tightest
Low	Lower	Lowest
Long	Longer	Longest
Two-syllable and many-syllable adverbs
Neatly	More neatly	Most neatly
Frequently	More frequently	Most frequently
Recently	More recently	Most recently
Irregular forms of the degrees of comparison of adverbs
Well	Better	Best
Badly	Worse	Worst
Much	More	Most
Little	Less	Least
Far	Farther	Farthest
	Further	Furthest

43. What groups of adverbs do you know?

The adverb is generally used to denote some circumstances or characteristic features of an event, its time, place, manner, etc.

Adverbs may be subdivided into the following groups:

• adverbs of time or frequency

now, then, after, before, yesterday, tomorrow, often, always, seldom, ever, never, already, still, etc.

• adverbs of place or direction

outside, inside, up, down, here, there, forward, backward, north, south, etc.

• adverbs of manner

well, badly, quickly, slowly, kindly, beautifully, thus, etc.

• adverbs of measure or degree

half, much, little, nearly, almost, quite, hardly, exceedingly, enough, too, rather, etc.

• interrogative adverbs

where, when, why, how.

• Sometimes they also speak about "connective adverbs", such as:

otherwise, however, nevertheless, yet, still, therefore.

Note 1: Sometime they also speak about “connective adverbs”, such as:

otherwise, however, nevertheless, yet, still, therefore.

Note 2: It should be mentioned, however, that in actual language functioning there are no hard and fast lines between the groups of adverbs. Thus, for example, the adverb "otherwise" generally used as an adverb of manner, will function as a connective adverb when used to join clauses within a compound sentence:

He did not want to follow her advice. He wanted to do it otherwise, (adverb of manner)

He did not know about your coming, otherwise he wouldn't have left, (connective adverb)

The adverbs "when", "where", "why", "how" are interrogative when forming questions. But they will be connective while joining clauses within a complex sentence.

When (Where) did he see her? (interrogative adverbs)

I do not know when (where) he will see her. (connective adverb)

Note 3: Some adverbs have as homonyms adjectives, prepositions or conjunctions.

44. What is the position of adverbs in the sentence?

Adverbs in the majority of cases refer to verbs (in their finite or non-finite form).

He went there yesterday.

He smiled kindly.

He did not speak much.

I heard him speaking slowly over the telephone

Adverbs of degree or measure, however, will generally modify an adjective (qualitative, not relative) or another adverb.

He was rather slow.

He went there rather slowly.

Note 1: Occasionally, however, adverbs may refer to nouns.

The streets below were quieter — in October the noise of the traffic lessened. (As.)

Note 2: Adverbs "today", "yesterday", "tomorrow" when referring to nouns may be substantivized and used with the genitive ending

yesterday's (today's, tomorrow's) newspaper

The position of the adverb in the sentence is relatively free, especially that of adverbs denoting time, place or manner of the action. Adverbs denoting frequency are generally placed before the verb to which they refer or, if the form of the verb is analytical, after the first auxiliary.

He often went there.

He has often gone there.

Adverbs of degree are placed directly before the word they modify.

He spoke very slowly.

Adverbs denoting direction are placed immediately after the word they modify.

He went forward.

Interrogative adverbs are placed at the head of the sentence (the word order in this case will be inverted).

When (Where) did he do it?