Кондратева Импрове ёур Енглиш 2011

1.In case of the atom, the potential energy of the electron is taken to be zero.

2.If radium were distributed uniformly, value D would be constant, which is far from the case.

conventional adj. — обычный, стандартный, общепринятый

1.It is common knowledge that the conventional methods of storing and searching for information are not efficient enough at present and will become less in the future.

2.New detectors provide so much information so quickly that conventional magnetic tapes are becoming inadequate.

1.Thousands of meteorological probes rise into the atmosphere every day from different points of the world and transmit to the Earth data about air temperature, wind direction, cloud density, etc. To date. up-to-date receivers for remote measurements of atmospheric radiofrequency radiation have been developed.

2.The whole treatment of the subject in this paper is out-of-date.

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1.A due explanation of the phenomenon of radioactivity was first given by the Curies.

2.In any case, the disintegration stage is due to the fact that the compound nucleus is in an unstable high-energy state.

3.A small amount of cosmic radiation penetrates the atmosphere (about 0,125 r per year), but it increases with altitude due to increase of cosmic radiation.

1.Radioisotopes affect our daily lives either directly as new methods for treatment of different diseases or indirectly through improved products.

2.In either case atoms are sure to be split and energy is released.

3.Explosion did not occur, either.

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for

all несмотря на все это that

1.The research could not have been carried out if not for the profound preliminary work.

2.For all that they couldn't find any evidence of corrosion in the metal.

3.But for this correction it would be impossible for the operation of the reactor to be controlled.

4.Researchers of many countries have been working for years at plans to exploit some new sources of energy.

5.For protons and neutrons are units of which the nuclei are composed, they are often referred to as nucleons.

fairly adv. (syn. rather) — точно, совершенно, достаточно, довольно

1.A fairly large proportion of neutrons is reflected back into the reactor core enhancing the neutron economy

2.A fair agreement with the experimental results is seen and the contribution to the stopping power curve can be estimated in this case.

3.When a gas diffuses through a porous screen the rate of diffusion depends upon the atomic weight, lighter atoms diffusing faster than heavier ones. By a repeated application of this property, isotopes can be separated in a fairly high purity.

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(syn. in such a manner, in this fashion, in this way)

1.The results can be summarized as follows.

2.Following the report is a bibliography as well as references to other works cited in the book.

3.The apparatus is designed to follow the fate of a radioelement or radiomaterial from one stage to another of a reaction or a process.

4.As a consequence of pulse transmission of radar signals, it follows that the radar systems generally utilize a broad band of frequencies.

5.Conventional atomic power stations generate electric current as thermal power stations. The conversion of heat energy into electric current is performed in the following way: steam-turbine-generator.

6.In the following we consider the case where one of the principle axes of the dielectric tensor is perpendicular to the plane surface.

(syn. result in, bring about)

1.The streams of ionized particles give rise to magnetic fields.

2.The disintegration of the radiative elements gives rise to three types of radiations.

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given (that) — при наличии; при условии, что; если

(syn. provided (that); providing)

1.Given a decision to go ahead with an atomic energy program designed to develop projects into full-scale nuclear power stations, one of the main problems is whether to concentrate efforts and money on a single reactor type or a number of different types.

2.Given a small stress, the deformation is proportional to stress, and the metal returns to its original shape as soon as the deforming stress is removed

1.In the USA on the one hand there are huge reserves of coal, oil and natural gas. On the other hand, the demand for energy is rising rapidly in the course of time and this factor should play a leading part in developing new fields of industry.

2.To determine the weight function for a model at hand we shall apply the variational principle.

hard adj твердый, жесткий, трудный, упорный, тяжелый

hardly adv едва ли, вряд ли

1.The potential of this technique has hardly been appreciated as yet, and therefore there are many applications of it in different fields of industry.

2.The problem is hard to solve.

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last adj. последний

1.The first and last terms represent the correlation functions of the signal and noise, respectively.

2.The last topology employs direct control of a processor by a supervisory unit.

3.At the last international conference the authors disclosed that nitrogen at annealing stage influenced the formation of recrystallization texture because of the strong interaction between nitrogen and dislocation.

1.The reader is simply asked to keep in mind that there is some point source to be determined which at least is small but not zero.

2.Least-square methods have been developed for removal of background effects in X-ray and infrared spectroscopy.

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1.In the present analysis the mean velocity of dislocations may be the suitable value unless the dislocation velocity exceeds the sound velocity.

2.The only simple means of attaining the goal is the construction of a common structure.

3.In this case the flux drop during the experimental time period means that dislocations trap hydrogen.

4.The development of a simulation system is illustrated by means of a simulation model generator for flexible manufacturing systems.

5.This result is by no means of importance.

1.The out-of-pile experiment has confirmed that this stable compound reacts neither with stainless steel nor zircalloy in the temperature and pressure conditions.

2.The input current must flow directly into the junction and, provided that neither the amplifier nor diode damps draw any significant current.

3.Neither of these observations was really surprising but they do need to be quantized.

1.No attempt has been made to examine this problem.

2.No matter what the environment, the user will not be working in an isolated condition.

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1.The number of control variables determines the dimension of the subspace.

2.A number of non-linear filters have been proposed in the litera-

ture.

3.This problem can be overcome in a number of ways, all involving a processor.

1.If one takes into account all spin components of the triplet pairing interaction one gets an isotropic triplet state.

2.One must note that both these calculations refer to isolated pair de-

fects.

3.One had to remember that very low increments of radiation dose had to be compared with variations in the natural background.

4.Precision describes the degree to which data generated from repetitive measurements differ from one another.

5.One of the greatest limitations of the hydrogen exploitation as a fuel appears to be the difficulty in storing it economically and conveniently

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1.Once the system becomes semimetallic, the charge redistribution cannot be ignored.

2.It should be noted at once that the process is rather sensitive to the values of certain parameters.

only adv —только

the only adj — единственный (как определение к существительному)

1.Gas atom diffusion is assumed to be the only mechanism whereby fission gas can migrate to the grain boundaries.

2.Only the dielectric effects of the photoconductor and liquid crystal are considered in this case.

3.Optical experiments are the only direct means of measuring some parameters of the Sun.

owing to prep. — из-за, вследствие, благодаря

(syn. due to, because of, thanks to, in view of, on account of, by virtue of)

1.Diffusion is the movement of particles inside the fluid phase owing to molecular interaction.

2.The measurement errors owing to those effects were typically

20%.

1.Any other approach may be applied in this case.

2.The experiment can't be performed with any instrument other than a diffusion cloud chamber.

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3. Two Hall voltages obtained perpendicular to each other are averaged to give the final Hall coefficient. :

4. The sensitivity, spatial resolution and speed are important considerations in_other applications as well.

1.Further studies are in progress to detail the theory in point.

2.The point is to achieve linear operation of the device and to insure maximum speed, the operating point is chosen on a single halfcycle of the curve.

3.The information is of considerable interest from a theoretical point of view.

1.The latter approach is believed to provide the temperature at which transformation begins in alloys.

2.Providing there had been no earth's gravitation, the satellite would have moved through airless space in a straight line and at uniformspeed.

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