Leukemia
Normal haemopoiesis
Hemoblastosis
proliferative disease of blood-forming tissue
Leukemia |
Lymphomas |
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Malignant blood cell tumor |
Malignant blood cell tumor with |
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primary extramedullary (in the |
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with primary intramedullary |
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immune system) location and local |
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location |
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growth of the tumor |
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Haemopoiesis
Acute leukemia
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Chronic myeloid leukemia
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone
Types of leukemia
Acute Leukemia
–progresses quickly
–characterized by the proliferation of undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow
Chronic Leukemia
–slower progression
–uncontrolled expansion of mature cells
Classification of leukemia
Acute Chronic
Myeloid
origin
Lymphoid
origin
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Acute Myeloid |
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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia |
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Leukemia (AML) |
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(CML) |
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Acute |
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Lymphoblastic |
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Chronic Lymphocytic |
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Leukemia (ALL) |
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Leukemia (CLL) |
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Classification of ALL |
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Immunologic Subtype |
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FAB Type |
% of Cases |
Cytogenetic Abnl |
Pre-B cell ALL |
L1, L2 |
75 |
t(9:22) t(4:11) t(1:19) |
T-cell ALL |
L1, L2 |
20 |
14q11 or 7q34 |
B-cell ALL |
L3 |
5 |
t(8:14) t(8:22) t(2:8) |
L1 - 85% of childhood ALL
L2 - Majority of adult ALL
L3 - Includes Burkitt’s. < 5% of ALL
Classification of AML
Subtype |
FAB Type |
Morphology |
Cytogenetic Abnl |
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AML w/o maturation |
M0 |
no azurophil granules |
- |
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AML |
M1 |
few Aeur rods |
del(5); del(7); +8 |
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maturation beyond |
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promyelocytes; Auer |
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AML w/ differentiation |
M2 |
rods |
t(8:21) |
t(6:9) |
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hypergranular |
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promyelocytes; Auer |
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Acute Promyelocitic Leukemia |
M3 |
rods |
t(15:17) |
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> 20% monocytes; |
inv(16) |
del(16) t(16:16) |
Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia |
M4 |
monocytoid cells in blood |
t(4:11) |
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monoblastic; |
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Acute Monocytic Leukemia |
M5 |
promonocytic |
t(9:11) |
t(10:11) |
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predominance of |
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erythroblasts; |
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Acute Erythroleukemia |
M6 |
dyserythropoiesis |
- |
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dry' aspirate; biopsy |
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Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia |
M7 |
dysplastic with blasts |
- |
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Pictures of blood
Platelet |
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Platelet |
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White Cell |
Red Cell |
Red Cell |
Blasts |
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White Cell |
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Normal human blood |
Blood with leukemia |