Гольцева О.Ю. Международное право в официальных документах. Под ред. И.А. Горшеневой

Exercise 9. Translate these sentences.

1.Convinced that the existence of racial barriers is repugnant to the ideals of any human society.

2.Alarmed by manifestations of racial discrimination still in evidence in some areas of the world and by governmental policies based on racial superiority or hatred, such as policies of apartheid, segregation or separation.

3.Resolved to adopt all necessary measures for speedily eliminating racial discrimination in all its forms and manifestations, and to prevent and combat racist doctrines and practices in order to promote understanding between races and to build an international community free from all forms of racial segregation and racial discrimination.

4.Convinced that any doctrine of superiority based on racial differentiation is scientifically false, morally condemnable, socially unjust and dangerous, and that there is no justification for racial discrimination, in theory or in practice, anywhere.

5.Determined to contribute to the development of their economic relations, the Sides agreed to take all necessary measures to ensure a further considerable growth of trade turnover.

Exercise 10. Translate into English.

1.Руководствуясь интересами укрепления мира и безопасности…

2.Выражая беспокойство продолжающейся гонкой вооружений…

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3.Будучи убежденными в необходимости всеобщего и полного разоружения…

4.Имея твердое намерение продолжать переговоры…

5.Движимые желанием развивать дружеские отношения и взаимовыгодное сотрудничество между странами…

6.Решив и дальше следовать общей внешней полити-

ке…

7.Будучи встревоженными напряженностью в реги-

оне…

8.Выражая решимость внести свой вклад в укрепление мира и безопасности…

Exercise 11. Complete the Preamble to this treaty.

TREATY of Friendship and Cooperation

between _______(name of country) and

_________(name of country)

The Republic of ________ and the Republic of______________,

Guided by ………

Proceeding from ……………..; Firmly believing ………………..; Firmly resolved …………………;

Striving …………………………..;

HAVE RESOLVED to conclude this Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation AND AGREED as follows:

Exercise 12. Read the information and suggest the answers to the questions.

The Lisbon Treaty finally came into effect in 2009, eight years after European leaders launched a process to make the EU "more democratic, more transparent and more efficient".

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Like the European constitution before it, the treaty is often described as an attempt to streamline EU institutions to make the enlarged bloc of 27 states function better. But opponents see it as part of a federalist agenda that threatens national sovereignty.

The constitution was thrown out by French and Dutch voters in 2005. The Lisbon Treaty, too, was rejected by Irish voters in June 2008. But it got overwhelming support in a second referendum in the Republic of Ireland on 2 October 2009. Under EU rules, the treaty must be ratified by all 27 member states before it comes into force. The last country yet to ratify it was the Czech Republic.

1.Have all other EU members ratified the treaty?

2.Was Ireland the only country to hold a referendum?

3.How similar is Lisbon to the draft constitution?

4.If it contains the same substance, why is the Lisbon Treaty not a constitution?

5.How long did it take to agree the treaty?

6.Why was the constitution dropped?

7.Does the Charter of Fundamental Rights feature in the new treaty?

8.Are any countries seeking opt-outs?

9.When did the new treaty kick in?

*13 ноября 2009 года документ был передан на хранение в МИД Италии, которая является странойдепозитарием договора

See the Appendix for full information.

OVER TO YOU

Write a paragraph about the Lisbon Treaty (initially known as the Reform Treaty). What treaties does it amend? What prominent changes about the European Union are included into the Lisbon Treaty?

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Exercise 13. Read the text of the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation. Give the English equivalents for the words in brackets.

Article 1: The High Contracting Parties shall

(продолжать укрепление дружеских отношений, солидарности и взаимопомощи). They shall steadfastly develop political relations, (углублять всестороннее сотрудничество), and give each other all-out support based on (взаимоуважении к государственному суверенитету) and independence, equality and

(невмешательство во внутренние дела друг друга).

Article 2: The High Contracting Parties shall (объединить усилия) to strengthen and expand mutually advantageous economic, scientific and technical cooperation with the aim of steadily improving the material and cultural standards of the peoples of their countries…

Article 3: The High Contracting Parties shall (укреплять связи) in the spheres of culture, education, literature and the arts, public health, environmental protection, tourism, and in other fields...

Article 4: The High Contracting Parties shall contribute

(всеми возможными способами) to the defence of international peace and the security of nations, and shall support the just struggle for (искоренение расизма во всех его формах и проявлениях).

Article 5: (Высокие договаривающиеся стороны) shall consult each other on all important international issues affecting the interests of the two countries. In case one of the Parties becomes the object of attack or of a threat of attack, the High Contracting Parties shall immediately begin mutual consultations (с намерением) removing that threat and (принять соответствующие меры к обеспечению мира) and the security of their countries…

See the Appendix for the answers.

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Exercise 14. Study the text of the following treaty and be ready to answer the questions below the text.

The Treaty of

Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan

signed between the United States and Japan in Washington on January 19, 1960.

JAPAN and THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Desiring to strengthen the bonds of peace and friendship traditionally existing between them, and to uphold the principles of democracy, individual liberty, and the rule of law.

Desiring further to encourage closer economic cooperation between them and to promote conditions of economic stability and well-being in their countries.

Reaffirming their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all governments.

Recognizing that they have the inherent right of individual or collective self-defense as affirmed in the Charter of the United Nations.

Considering that they have a common concern in the maintenance of international peace and security in the Far East.

Having resolved to conclude a treaty of mutual cooperation and security.

Therefore agree as follows:

ARTICLE I: The Parties undertake, as set forth in the

Charter of the United Nations, to settle any international disputes in which they may be involved by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered and to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of

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the United Nations. The Parties will endeavor in concert with other peace-loving countries to strengthen the United Nations so that its mission of maintaining international peace and security may be discharged more effectively.

ARTICLE II: The Parties will contribute toward the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations by strengthening their free institutions, by bringing about a better understanding of the principles upon which these institutions are founded, and by promoting conditions of stability and well-being. They will seek to eliminate conflict in their international economic policies and will encourage economic collaboration between them.

ARTICLE III: The Parties, individually and in cooperation with each other, by means of continuous and effective self-help and mutual aid will maintain and develop, subject to their constitutional provisions, their capacities to resist armed attack.

ARTICLE IV: The Parties will consult together from time to time regarding the implementation of this Treaty, and, at the request of either Party, whenever the security of Japan or international peace and security in the Far East is threatened.

ARTICLE V: Each Party recognizes that an armed attack against either Party in the territories under the administration of Japan would be dangerous to its own peace and safety and declares that it would act to meet the common danger in accordance with its constitutional provisions and processes. Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall be immediately reported to the Security Council of the United Nations in accordance with the provisions of Article 51 of the Charter.

ARTICLE VI: For the purpose of contributing to the security of Japan and the maintenance of international peace and security in the Far East, the United States of America is granted the use by its land, air and naval forces of facilities and areas in Japan.

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ARTICLE VII: This Treaty does not affect and shall not be interpreted as affecting in any way the rights and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations or the responsibility of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security.

ARTICLE VIII: This Treaty shall be ratified by Japan and the United States of America in accordance with their respective constitutional processes and will enter into force on the date on which the instruments of ratification thereof have been exchanged by them in Tokyo.

ARTICLE IX: The Security Treaty between Japan and the United States of America signed at the city of San Francisco on September 8, 1951 shall expire upon the entering into force of this Treaty.

ARTICLE X: This Treaty shall remain in force until in the opinion of the Governments of Japan and the United States of America there shall have come into force such United Nations arrangements as will satisfactorily provide for the maintenance of international peace and security in the Japan area. However, after the Treaty has been in force for ten years, either Party may give notice to the other Party of its intention to terminate the Treaty, in which case the Treaty shall terminate one year after such notice has been given.

In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipotentiaries have signed this Treaty.

Done in duplicate at Washington in the Japanese and

English languages, both equally authentic, this 19th day of January, 1960

FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: FOR JAPAN:

Exercise 15. Answer these questions.

1.What are the purposes and objectives of the treaty?

2.What principles and circumstances are recited in the Preamble?

3.What are the general provisions of the Treaty?

4.What are the requirements for bringing the treaty into force?

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5.What is the treaty duration?

6.Where will the exchange of ratifications take place?

7.How many signed copies has the instrument done in?

8.Which languages are used? Are they equally authentic?

9.What are the place and date of signature?

Exercise 16. Study these word combinations. Mind the use of the prepositions.

entering into force

the expiration of this period

UPON agreement by the parties concerned (на, при, по) conclusion of negotiations

the acceptance of this proposal

the exchange of instruments of ratification the recommendation of the Security Council

Exercise 17. Translate these sentences.

1.Upon the assignment of a consular officer, his commission is sent to the diplomatic representative accredited to the government within whose competence the consular office concerned is situated.

2.The Bureau shall appoint for a period of three years the Secretary-General, who shall be eligible for reappointment immediately upon the expiration of this period.

3.Upon the request of the parties concerned the General Assembly shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such request.

4.The Treaty shall terminate one year upon appropriate notification to the other Party of the intention to terminate the Treaty.

5.Upon the conclusion of the bilateral meeting the two prime ministers directed the foreign secretaries, accordingly, to resume the dialogue on the agreed dates.

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Exercise 18. Suggest the Russian equivalents.

PARTY

the (High) Contracting Parties, Party concerned, a hostile Party States Parties to the present Convention, the parties to the dispute, the parties concerned, to become a Party to a treaty, a Party to the Protocol, an adverse party, a belligerent party, the third party.

Exercise 19. Translate these sentences into English.

1.Выражая желание укреплять узы дружбы, существующие между ними, страны заключили договор о сотрудничестве и взаимной безопасности.

2.Стороны подтвердили свою приверженность целям

ипринципам Устава ООН.

3.Главы государств выразили общую обеспокоенность проблемой поддержания мира на Ближнем Востоке.

4.Заинтересованные стороны будут предпринимать шаги, направленные на урегулирование конфликта мирными средствами.

5.В связи с угрозой безопасности одной из сторон станы – участники провели двусторонние консультации касательно применения договора.

6.Об акте вооруженного нападения и предпринятых в связи с ним мерах было немедленно сообщено в ООН.

7.После ратификации договора сторонами – участниками в соответствии с конституционной процедурой был произведен обмен ратификационными грамотами.

Exercise 20. Study these word combinations. Mind the use of the prepositions.

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Exercise 21. Translate these sentences.

1.Determined to continue negotiations with a view to achieving effective progress towards further measures in the field of disarmament.

2.During the five meeting of the four-day summit the heads of State presented their views on the role of the United Nations in the twenty-first century and the main challenges facing the peoples of the world.

3.The General Conference expresses to the DirectorGeneral its appreciation of the approaches which he is continuing to make to Member States with a view to improving the cash position.

4.The Congress, in the view of the report of the Executive and Liaison Committee, charges the Executive Council to study the problem in its entirety and to take the necessary decision.

5.In the view of the fact that the term of office of two members of the Commission was due to expire on 11 May 2010, the Director General applied the procedure provided for in that Protocol for the replacement of the members concerned.

6.States Parties recognize the right of migrant workers and members of their families to take part in meetings and activities of trade unions and of any other associations established in accordance with law, with a view to protecting their economic, social, cultural and other interests, subject only to the rules of the organization concerned.

7.The Parties shall, as appropriate, consult periodically with a view to facilitating the effective use and implementation of this Convention.

OVER TO YOU

Are all international treaties obeyed? What really significant treaties do you know? Read the following quotation and analyze it. Do nuclear weapons limitation treaties exist nowadays?