Утевская Н.Л. - English Grammar Book - 2011

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The lnfinitive Constructions

The Objective-with-the lnfinitive Construction (The Complex Object)

The complex object (the Objective-with-the-lnfinitive Construction) consists of а noun in the common case or а personal pronoun in the objective case (see р. 79) and the infinitive.

lt is translated into Russian Ьу means of а subordinate object clause.

1heard the Ье/1 riпg. -Я слышал, как зазвонил звонок.

5)afterverbs denoting sense perception: to hear, to see, to feel, to watch, to observe, to пotice. After these verbs the infinitive is used without to.

No опе had ever heard her cry.

We felt the house shake.

Note 1. lf the verb to see is used with the meaning to realize, or the verb to hear in the meaning to /earn, the Objective-with-the-lnfinitive Construction cannot Ье used. Here а subordinate object clause is used.

1saw that he did поtkпow aпythiпg.

1hear you have dropped the idea of leaviпg hiт.

Note 2. After the verbs to see and to пotice the infinitive of the verb to Ье is not used. lnstead а subordinate object clause is used.

Не оп/уhad the tiтe to пotice that the girl was uпusuallypretty.

6)afterverbs denoting order or permission: to order, to allow, to suffer, to let, to have. After the verbs to let and to have the infinitive is used without to.

We сап 't al/ow theт to do that.

We ordered а taxi to Ье at the door at пiпе о'clock. She сап 't have theт waste their time iп this way.

Here the verb to have denotes permission.lt is used only in negative sentences. То suffer in this sense is also often negative.

Не did поtsuffer те to have туоwп way.

7)afterverbs denoting causation: to таkе, to cause, to get, to have. Afterthe verbs to таkе and to have the infinitive is used without to.

What тakes you thiпkso?

1wi/1 have hiт briпg the Ьох here.

8)after certain verbs requiring а prepositional object: to couпt( up) оп, to re/y ( up) оп, to /ook for, to listeп to, to wait for.

1rely оп you to соте iп time.

Сап 't 1couпt uроп you to help те?

Memorize the verbs after which ttш infinitive is used without to: to see, to hear, to feel, to watch, to observe, to пotice, to make, to have, to let.

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on the hill to watcl1 tl1e suл rise. 5. The people iп tl1e Nortl1 do поt see tl1e suп соте out for тoпtl1s. 6. Не made t11e tractor work at full speed. 7. Sl1e felt her l1aпds treтЬJe. 8. We wisl1ed llim to succeed. 9. We had поt expected her to reply, but sl1e did. 1О. We kпew l1i111 to Ье а c!ever тап. 11. Tl1e traveJier eпtered tl1e iпп апd ordered supper to Ье prepared. 12. Не felt bls l1eart beat withjoy. 13. 1 ат waitiпg for theт to go Ьеfш·е 1speak oftl1e matter. 14. I saw l1i т cross the street lookiпg to tl1e left апd to tl1e rigl1t. 15. l felt tl1e wiпd Ьlow tl1rough а chiпk iп tl1e wall.

Exercise 11

Point Ollt the сотр!ех object with the iпfiпitive. Traпslate tl1e seпteпces iпto Russiaп.

1. We stood оп deck апd watcl1ed tl1e sш1 go dowп. 2. Passiпg the hollse I heard Ыт play the рiапо. 3. 1dоп't Jike yotJ to repeat that попsелsе. 4. 1l1ate people to speak so cyпically. 5. l suppose Ыш to Ье about fifty. 6. We expect everybody to Ье ready Ьу seveп. 7. Doп't thiпk 11im to Ье а coward. 8. Tl1ey slюwed tl1emselves еvеп шоrе пarrow-шiпded t!ып we had expected theш to Ье. 9. I doп't trust шyselfto skate on tl1is uneveп ice. 10. "We waпt our cblldreл to grow up iпto active, eлergetic and enterprising шеn апd wошел, not afraid to face difficulties," said the di rector of tl1e childreл's !юте. 1J. Не liked to see theш work. 12. Jaшes watched her go. 13. Tl1ere's sоше iпformatioп I waпt yot! to obtaiл. 14. Не saw the раiп саше iпto 11is eyes. 15. S\1e gave а meaпiпgfLII sigh whicl1 made 11im drive all the faster. 1б. WI1eл I was dustiпg tl1e salooп, 1 saw him pass, апd l1is face was wl1ite. 17. Не Iet tl1em go. 18. Не waпted rпе to describe her арреаrапсе.

Exercise 111

Parapl1rase the followiпg пsing the complex object with tl1e iпfinitive.

Model J SI1e watcl1ed 11ow I1e went.

She watcl1ed 11im go.

1. Не heard 11ow оле oftl1e other girls iп tl1e slюp addressed Kate. 2. Не felt tl1at tl1e eyes of tl1e f'ellow-students rested оп l1im. 3. Sl1e saw tl1at the door of tl1e

sitting-rooш opened and 11er motl1er eлtered. 4. What 1waпt is tlыt уош uпcle

sl1ouldп't Ье Jeft alone. 5. Sl1e smiled wl1eп sl1e l1eard 11ow he locked tl1e door loudly. 6. What sl1e wanted was tlшt 11е would соте апd see 11er. 7. Не watched how 11is sister left, theп I1e walke(i slowly dowп tl1e hall to l1is fatl1er's room. 8. 1've пever heard mm how l1e spoke of'his life iп Сапаdа.

Exercise IV

Paraphrase tl1e followiпg пsiпg tl1e complex object witl1 the iпfiпitive. Model 1 We kпew that they would соте sооп.

We knew tl1em to соте soon.

1. We knew that they lыd already arrived. 2. 1 did not expect that sl1e would catcl1 the train. 3. She thougiH tlыt we lшd influenced their decision. 4. We know that tЬе West Епd of Lопdоп is attractive in appearance. 5. We know that tl1is апсiепt building was destroyed and гebuilt several times. 6. They expected that tl1ese riveгs would Ье soon cotшected Ьу теапs of caпals. 7. We expected that l1e would do his best to l1elp us. 8. We know tlшt Moscow has been fouпded Ьу Y.Dolgoruky. 9. Не expects tЬat great suтs оfтопеу will Ье

spent оп housiпg coпstructioп in this distгict. 10. Everyoпe knew tlшt he was

an lюпest тап. 11. We suppose that tl1e uпdergroнnd is the тost conveпieпt

тeans oftraпsport.

Exercise V

Lnsert to before the iпfiпitive where required.

Exercise Vl

Make нр seпteпces with complex objects with the iпfiпitiYe. Traпs1ate the sen-

teпces iпto Rнssiaп.

1.speak, l, lшve l1eaгd, of11is boylюod, пеvег, him.

2.swiпg, at опсе, ореп, tl1e door, L, saw.

3.аЬонt something, 1, qнite ditferent, me, уон, waпt to tell.

4.you, don't, worry, that, let, аЬонt.

5.wl1at, tl1is, her, say, made?

6.without, her, let, ту motl1er, go, а word.

7.yoнng, l1er long Iыir, made, look, l1er.

8.sing, her, 1, to !1ear, like.

9.you, anyone, соте in, dict, notice.

10.tl1is, а dangerous case, to Ье, tl1ink, do, you?

11.him, to Ье, about, suppose, 1, fifty.

12.don't want, апу, of, уон, 1, те, to mistшderstand.

13.lшted, to argнe, people, he, tl1iпgs ofno importance, about.

14.consider, worthy ofpromotion, tl1ey, themselves.

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sсепе, to play) like that. 4. 1kпow (tl1e шап, to Ье а star boxer) iпl1is younger days. 5. She heard (tl1e footsteps, to die away). 6.. Tl1e doctorordered (the ward, to air). 7. They must Ье thankfll! foryoшadvice. I believe (it, to do) them alot ofgood. 8.

9. I will not allow (шyself, to teшpt) i пtо telling anybody of ту iпteпtioпs.

10.We coпsidered (it, to Ье wroпg); tl1ey cotJldn't шаkе (we, to do) it.

11.I woп't lшve (anybody, to tiliпk) ill of her. 12. It was difficu1t tor те to get (11е, to believe) me. 13. Mot\1er used to watch (we, to р\ау) teппis. 14. People wlю knew her felt (sl1e, to Ье) а woman of strong will.

Exercise Vlll

Translate what is given iп brackets using the complex object with the iпfiпitive.

1. His remark шаdе (всех чувствовать себя неловко). 2. We never waпted (чтобы с нами случилось что-либо подобное). 3. Let ustrytoget (чтобы он

присоединился к нашей компании). 4. ln this way she caused (чтобы ее уважали). 5. The пеw arrival ordered (чтобы его вещи принесли) to his room. 6. They asked (чтобы он разрешил выставить свою картину).

51EXERCISES

Exercise 1

State the syntactic functions of the for-to-infinitive phrase. Translate tl1e sentences into Russian.

1.It is necessary for the goods to Ье packed in strong cases. 2. This is for yotJ to decide. 3. The first thing for те to do is to find out when the steaтer arrives.

4.Tl1e water was too cold for the children to batl1e. 5. The nigl1t \vas too dark for tl1e tourists to тоvе оп. 6. Не waited iтpatiently for Eliza to go on.

7.There is notl1iпg for you to do but leave at once. 8. The best thiпg is for you to do it now. 9. She spreadjaт for him and cut up the bread апd butter into convenient slices forthe child to eat. 10. The questioп was too difficult for tl1e

students to ans'>ver. 11. SI1e held out the paper for те to see. 12. TI1e best thiпg for you to do is to have а good rest. 13. The first thiпg for tl1em to settle is wl1etl1er to go there or поt.

Exercise 11

Paгaphrase the followiпg seпteпces so as to use for-to-iпfinitive phrases.

1. She stood at the kitcheп door waitiпg till her sister сате for а walk Ьу the sea. 2. It is tiтe tl1at you should go, Тот. 3. Тhеге was поЬоdу who she could speak to. 4. А тап was walkiпg wearily towards us, апd we waited till he сате up to us in order to ask the way agaiп. 5. Jaпet sat and waited till they weпt away. 6. Sl1e theп sat down оп the chair апd waited till tl1e kettle boiled. 7. Was it possiЬie that she could forget hiт? 8. Тhеп she weпt to the kitc\1eп where the tray l1ad Ьееп set Ьу her тother апd waited till her servaпt made the tea. 9. Не waited till she spoke. 10. It is quite пatural tlшt he should act like that. 11. Let us wait till а defiпite aпswer arrives. 12. It's iтportaпt that I1e should understand this.

Exercise 111

Use (01·-phrases iпstead ofthe subordinate clauses and state their fuпctioп.

1. The maiп thiпg is that all ofus should work in close cooperatioп. 2. Wl1y are you so aпxious that he should go? 3. This is а lessoп wl1ich you slюuld remeтber for the rest ofyour life. 4. Не is just the тап whom you should have coпsulted. 5. 1shallleave the тagaziпe that you тау read it. 6. Не closed the wiпdow lest the papers Ье scattered Ьу the wiпd. 7. The ice has Ьесоте too thiп, so the boys сап't go skatiпg. 8. The youпg actor тust Ье very taleпted siпce tl1e producer lшs giveп hiт а leadiпg part to play. 9. That а тап ofhis age should Ье so active

апd full ofvitality is somethiпg extraordiпary.

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Exercise IV

Constrнct (or-pl1rases using tl1e words iп brackets iп tl1e reqнired forш.

1. Tl1e simplest thiпg is for (he, to соте апd see) everytl1ing for l1iшself. 2. Tl1e rшшers Jistened for (the signal, to give). 3. Doп't you fiпd it. odd for (sl1e, to keep) it secret so loпg? 4. Не asked tor (а catalogнe, to seпd) llim. 5. Tl1e captaiп gave orders for (the flag, to lюist). 6. Tl1e people gave way for (we, to pass). 7. l always tlюugl1t my frieпd ап excelleпt example Гоr (everybody, to

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is for (J, to jнdge), isп't it? 1О. It was sшpгisiпg for (а yoнng sportsmaп, to show)

sucl1 good resнlts.

Exercise V

Complete the followiпg with tl1e help of (or-pl1rases usiпg differeпt forms of Н1е

iпfiпitive.

Exercise Vl

Complete the following with tl1e he1p of (or-pl1rases.

Exercise Vlll

Traпslate wl1at is given iп brackets into English usiпg for- pl1rases.

1. Wl1at l waпt is (чтобы вы меня ясно поняли). 2. Не asked (чтобы его друзей приняли в клуб). 3. T11ere is no need (нам здесь задерживаться).

4. ТЬе Ьоу has а very шusical ear: you have only to play шelody once (и он

сможет тут же повторить ее) froш шешоrу. 5. lt was so dark iп tl1e rоош tl1at I had to wait (пока мои глаза привыкнут к темноте). 6. Seпd а telegraш

(чтобы нас кто-нибудь встретил). 7. Не waited at tl1e receiver (когда ему дадут нужный номер). 8. It is iшpossiЬ!e (чтобы он вам не поверил) even

after you l1ad shown 11iш the letter. 9. We waited patiently (чтобы на письмо

ответили). 10. Tl1ere is по пееd (чтобы параход заходил в Туапсе). 11. Seпd

а letter (чтобы они знали о наших планах). 12. The text was too difficult

(чтобы он перевел его без словаря). 13. It is too late (чтобы дети шли гу­ лять). пecessary (чтобы он вернулся домой немедленно).

Exercise IX

Traпslate iпto Eпglisl1 usiпg for-to-infiпitive pl1rases.

1. Она позвонила, чтобы они навестили ее в начале сентября. 2. Она гово­

риладостаточно громко, чтобы все могли ее хорошо слышать. 3. Она жда­ ла, пока Анна вернется с прогулки. 4. Она ждала, пока муж заплатит за такси. 5. В восемь часов дети вошли, чтобы сказать спокойной ночи, и

подошли к матери, чтобы она могла их поцеловать. 6. Моимдрузьям было

трудно успевать за мной. 7. Он позвонил, чтобы сестра пригласила нового пациента. 8. Мне трудно подниматься по лестнице. 9. Нам необходимо бьmо пройти еще километров пять, чтобы добраться до леса, где располо­ жился наш лагерь. 10. Считаю, что нам совершенно нечего волноваться. 11. Мы ждали, чтобы они начали разговор. 12. Вам легко это говорить. 13. Необходимо, чтобы товары были упакованы в крепкие ящики. 14. Пер­

вое, что я должен сделать, это выяснить, когда прибывает пароход. 15. Вода

была слишком холодной, чтобы дети могли купаться.

Exercise Х

Traпslate into Englisl1 using for-to-iпfinitive pl1rases.

1. Он просил, чтобы письмо бьmо послано сегодня. 2. Необходимо, чтобы вы послали телеграмму немедленно. 3. Он обещал дать им знать о своем

отъезде, и теперь слишком поздно, чтобы он изменил решение.

4. Первое, что ты должен сделать, это попытаться позвонить в Москву.

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