- •Preface
- •List of books consulted and cited
- •Reading
- •Death by tourism
- •Follow-up
- •II. Try to guess the meaning of the following words from the text.
- •III. Find a word in the text that has the same or similar meaning to the following:
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Match the words with their definitions.
- •III. Correct the one underlined word, (a), (b) or (c).
- •Writing
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •The Environmental Tourist
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Find a word in the text that has the same or similar meaning to the following:
- •III. Discuss the following points.
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Write the correct form of the words given below.
- •II. Fill in the spaces in the extract with one word only.
- •III. Read the extract and underline all the words you think should not be there. An example is given.
- •IV. Match the words with their definitions.
- •V. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box.
- •VI. Find the words that refer to the environment. Make up your own sentences with them.
- •VII. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •Writing
- •Listening task
- •Reading
- •With your partner try to match the definition with the correct word or phrase. Guess if you are not sure! Then scan the text quickly to see if you were right.
- •Reading
- •Biodiversity and Genetic Resources
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out.
- •III. Discuss the following points.
- •IV. Read the poem by Marco Luis and do the assignment below. Sunsets
- •If you listen closely you can hear
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets in the required form of the oblique mood.
- •II. Match the words in column a with their synonyms in column b.
- •III. Read the poster and fill in the blanks with prepositions if necessary. Don’t miss your chance to see me !
- •IV. Complete the following sentences with the words from the box. There are two extra words which you do not need.
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Industrial pollution and wastes
- •Listening and speaking
- •II. Guess what else Andy and Carla could do to get the factory to stop polluting the river.
- •III. If you were the members of the Greener World organization what would you do in this situation. Give your reasons. Reading
- •Which of the following industries do you think causes the most industrial air pollution?
- •Reading
- •I. Suggest your own heading to the text and give your reasons.
- •II. Answer these questions.
- •III. Choose the best answer.
- •V. Role play
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •Soil and agriculture
- •I. Match the words with their definitions.
- •II. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •III. Arrange these jumbled words and expressions to make correct sentences.
- •Words and phrases to be learned and used
- •II. Fill in the blanks using your essential vocabulary.
- •III. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •V. Speak on the following problems:
- •I. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out.
- •II. Answer these questions.
- •III. Discuss.
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Correct the one underlined word, (a), (b), (c), or (d).
- •II. Arrange these jumbled words and expressions to make correct sentences.
- •III. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •V. Paraphrase the following sentence using the words from vocabulary area.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Imagine that you are a tree in the forest. Make up a short story describing your daily routine. How does it feel to be a tree?
- •Unit 8 water pollution
- •Listening and speaking
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •Water pollution, its causes and effects
- •Follow-up
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •Group a Group b
- •A Hotter Earth?
- •I. Match the beginnings of the numbered sentences below with the endings on the right to restore the sentences from the texts.
- •II. Restore the paragraph, putting the verbs in the correct form. You may have to use a verb more than once.
- •III. Match the words with their definitions.
- •IV. Unscramble the words in brackets and fill in the blanks with them.
- •The deer _______of North America is constantly _________. (utaponploi, geradesni)
- •Wildlife in Chernobyl Disaster Area
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Match the beginnings of the numbered sentences below with the endings on the right to restore the sentences from the texts.
- •III. A lot of information is given in the texts. Some of it is in favour of the nuclear power, some is against, some is neutral.
- •IV. Do a quiz “Are You a Good Scientist?”
- •V. Discuss the following in small groups
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •II. Match these words with their dictionary definitions.
- •III. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. An example has been given to help you. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •IV. In groups or pairs, say one or two sentences about each of the following things.
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Writing
- •Unit 11 Environmental problems and solutions
- •II. Guess what else Greener World has accomplished in their city.
- •III. Are you a member of an organization like Greener World? If not, would you like to join one? Give your reasons.
- •Text 1: World environmental problems and their solutions
- •Exercise
- •Text 2: World Ecological Organizations
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets into the passive to complete the text.
- •II. Match the words in column a with their opposites in column b.
- •I. Translate the words and phrases in brackets into English using the box. Then answer the questions that follow. Environmental Groups in the uk
- •II. Finish the sentences:
- •III. You will get the pictures from your teacher. Make up your own stories. You may use your essential vocabulary.
- •IV. Have you damaged the environment in any way? Recall a recent action or relate an anecdote involving a friend or a neighbour.
- •V. Do you know how to be more environmentally conscious? Is all rubbish the same to you? Do you believe that the responsibility for saving planet Earth also lies in your hands?
- •VI. Suggest your translation of the anthem of Western European ecologists into your mother tongue. It may be either in verses or in prose. Where angels tread
- •Its woodlands and meadows,
- •English lyric: Paul Britten Austin
- •Unit 14 project
- •Members of the Planning Committee of the local council
- •Residents of the area
- •Members of the local environmental group
Unit 11 Environmental problems and solutions
World ecological movements
Functions practised: stating the problem, exemplifying.
Vocabulary Area: fine, tax, logging, treaty, packaging, whaling, oil drilling, economical, efficient, renewable, to seek, to dump, to prevent, to persuade, to reuse, to recycle, to melt down, to grind, to mould.
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
I. Listen to the conversation between Andy and Carla about the activity of Greener World. What programs are they developing?
II. Guess what else Greener World has accomplished in their city.
Listen to the rest of the conversation and see whether your guesses were right.
III. Are you a member of an organization like Greener World? If not, would you like to join one? Give your reasons.
READING
Pre-reading
“Ecological problems can be solved by means of local, national, global, scientific and individual efforts and also through cooperation with business, industry and agriculture.” How do you understand this statement? In the texts you will find evidence supporting it.
Reading
Read the text given by the teacher and do the tasks that follow. Share the information derived from the text with your group mates.
Text 1: World environmental problems and their solutions
One of the major environmental problems is pollution. Controlling pollution depends on the efforts of governments, scientists, business and industry, agriculture, environmental organizations, and individuals.
Governments’ strategy to help control pollution is to fine companies for polluting. Australia and a number of European countries fine businesses that pollute waterways. Such fines encourage companies to invest in pollution control equipment or to develop less polluting methods of operation. Governments may also place taxes on products that pollute.
Governments also create national parks to guard their natural treasures from the harmful effects of farming, hunting, logging, mining, and other economic development. National parks serve important purposes. Parks help save endangered animals and plants, and they 10
provide natural laboratories for scientists seeking to understand relationships of animals and plants to their environment. Another goal of many parks is to protect the area's biodiversity (variety of plant and animal species). In this way, parks help maintain a healthy balance among species and help preserve the natural processes that support life on the earth.
Many types of environmental pollution have been difficult to control because no single person or nation owns the earth's global resources--that is, its oceans and atmosphere. To control pollution, the people of the world must work together. Since the 1970's, representatives of many nations have met to discuss ways of limiting the pollution that affects air and water. These nations have created environmental treaties to help control such problems as acid rain, the thinning of the ozone layer, and the dumping of waste into oceans. The UN members 20
signed agreements on the prevention of global warming, the preservation of forests and endangered species, and other issues.
Increasing concern over the environment has caused scientists and engineers to look for technological solutions. Some research seeks ways to clean up or manage pollution. The goal of other research is to prevent pollution. Many industrial researchers are finding more economical ways to use fuels and other raw materials. As a result of their research, some European cities now use waste heat from power plants or trash incinerators to warm homes. New automobile engines burn gasoline much more cleanly and efficiently than older engines. Scientists and engineers are also researching ways to generate electricity more cheaply from such renewable energy sources as the wind and sun, causing little or no pollution. 30
Many companies have discovered that it makes good business sense to pollute less. Some have found that reducing pollution gives them a better public image and saves money. Others have developed environmentally safe products or packaging to satisfy consumer demands. Still others develop pollution control systems because they believe that laws will soon force them to do so anyway. And some companies limit pollution because the people running them choose to do so.