- •Preface
- •List of books consulted and cited
- •Reading
- •Death by tourism
- •Follow-up
- •II. Try to guess the meaning of the following words from the text.
- •III. Find a word in the text that has the same or similar meaning to the following:
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Match the words with their definitions.
- •III. Correct the one underlined word, (a), (b) or (c).
- •Writing
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •The Environmental Tourist
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Find a word in the text that has the same or similar meaning to the following:
- •III. Discuss the following points.
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Write the correct form of the words given below.
- •II. Fill in the spaces in the extract with one word only.
- •III. Read the extract and underline all the words you think should not be there. An example is given.
- •IV. Match the words with their definitions.
- •V. Fill in the gaps with the words from the box.
- •VI. Find the words that refer to the environment. Make up your own sentences with them.
- •VII. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •Writing
- •Listening task
- •Reading
- •With your partner try to match the definition with the correct word or phrase. Guess if you are not sure! Then scan the text quickly to see if you were right.
- •Reading
- •Biodiversity and Genetic Resources
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out.
- •III. Discuss the following points.
- •IV. Read the poem by Marco Luis and do the assignment below. Sunsets
- •If you listen closely you can hear
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets in the required form of the oblique mood.
- •II. Match the words in column a with their synonyms in column b.
- •III. Read the poster and fill in the blanks with prepositions if necessary. Don’t miss your chance to see me !
- •IV. Complete the following sentences with the words from the box. There are two extra words which you do not need.
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Industrial pollution and wastes
- •Listening and speaking
- •II. Guess what else Andy and Carla could do to get the factory to stop polluting the river.
- •III. If you were the members of the Greener World organization what would you do in this situation. Give your reasons. Reading
- •Which of the following industries do you think causes the most industrial air pollution?
- •Reading
- •I. Suggest your own heading to the text and give your reasons.
- •II. Answer these questions.
- •III. Choose the best answer.
- •V. Role play
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •Soil and agriculture
- •I. Match the words with their definitions.
- •II. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •III. Arrange these jumbled words and expressions to make correct sentences.
- •Words and phrases to be learned and used
- •II. Fill in the blanks using your essential vocabulary.
- •III. Translate from Ukrainian into English.
- •V. Speak on the following problems:
- •I. Read the text carefully and decide whether these statements are true or false. Reason it out.
- •II. Answer these questions.
- •III. Discuss.
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Correct the one underlined word, (a), (b), (c), or (d).
- •II. Arrange these jumbled words and expressions to make correct sentences.
- •III. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •V. Paraphrase the following sentence using the words from vocabulary area.
- •VII. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Imagine that you are a tree in the forest. Make up a short story describing your daily routine. How does it feel to be a tree?
- •Unit 8 water pollution
- •Listening and speaking
- •Reading
- •Reading
- •Water pollution, its causes and effects
- •Follow-up
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •Group a Group b
- •A Hotter Earth?
- •I. Match the beginnings of the numbered sentences below with the endings on the right to restore the sentences from the texts.
- •II. Restore the paragraph, putting the verbs in the correct form. You may have to use a verb more than once.
- •III. Match the words with their definitions.
- •IV. Unscramble the words in brackets and fill in the blanks with them.
- •The deer _______of North America is constantly _________. (utaponploi, geradesni)
- •Wildlife in Chernobyl Disaster Area
- •I. Answer these questions.
- •II. Match the beginnings of the numbered sentences below with the endings on the right to restore the sentences from the texts.
- •III. A lot of information is given in the texts. Some of it is in favour of the nuclear power, some is against, some is neutral.
- •IV. Do a quiz “Are You a Good Scientist?”
- •V. Discuss the following in small groups
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Choose the correct form of the verb.
- •II. Match these words with their dictionary definitions.
- •III. Using a dictionary add as many missing words as possible. An example has been given to help you. Make up short sentences with the words.
- •IV. In groups or pairs, say one or two sentences about each of the following things.
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •Writing
- •Unit 11 Environmental problems and solutions
- •II. Guess what else Greener World has accomplished in their city.
- •III. Are you a member of an organization like Greener World? If not, would you like to join one? Give your reasons.
- •Text 1: World environmental problems and their solutions
- •Exercise
- •Text 2: World Ecological Organizations
- •Vocabulary and grammar
- •I. Put the verbs in brackets into the passive to complete the text.
- •II. Match the words in column a with their opposites in column b.
- •I. Translate the words and phrases in brackets into English using the box. Then answer the questions that follow. Environmental Groups in the uk
- •II. Finish the sentences:
- •III. You will get the pictures from your teacher. Make up your own stories. You may use your essential vocabulary.
- •IV. Have you damaged the environment in any way? Recall a recent action or relate an anecdote involving a friend or a neighbour.
- •V. Do you know how to be more environmentally conscious? Is all rubbish the same to you? Do you believe that the responsibility for saving planet Earth also lies in your hands?
- •VI. Suggest your translation of the anthem of Western European ecologists into your mother tongue. It may be either in verses or in prose. Where angels tread
- •Its woodlands and meadows,
- •English lyric: Paul Britten Austin
- •Unit 14 project
- •Members of the Planning Committee of the local council
- •Residents of the area
- •Members of the local environmental group
Group a Group b
to digest digestion
to release to break down
nutrient detergent
algae bacteria
substance livestock
sanitation zooplankton
to stimulate devastating
to evaporate to consume
cleansing to cleanse
VI. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English:
1. Наслідки Чорнобильської аварії є дійсно руйнівними.
2. Доведено, що використання миючих засобів завдає шкоди навколишньому середовищу.
3. Яке визначення має “ поживна речовина ”? Це хімічна речовина, яка потрібна живим організмам для росту.
4. Забруднення води відбувається, коли природні очищувальні процеси не можуть здійснюватись належним чином.
5. Бактеріє переробляють відходи, використовуючи кисень, розчинений у воді. Крім цього, вони розкладають мертвих тварин та відходи.
6. Поперекопуй гній з ґрунтом, і в тебе буде багатий врожай овочів.
7. Цей процес достатньо нагріває нафту, щоб будь-яка волога, що залишилась, випаровувалась.
8. Спеціальні переробні заводи забезпечують покращення санітарних умов, знищуючи шкідливих бактерій та видаляючи тверді відходи.
WRITING
Read the description of the diagram showing the water pollution cycle. Fill in the gaps in the diagram with the necessary words and phrases. Give your reasons.
Water pollution occurs when people upset the balance with excess nutrients from such sources as fertilizers and untreated sewage. This process is called eutrophication. The algae grow faster than the fish can eat them. As more algae grow, more also die. Bacteria in the water use up much oxygen consuming the excess dead algae. The oxygen level of the water drops, causing many aquatic plants and animals to die. As they decay, they consume still more oxygen. Without oxygen, the bacteria of decay can no longer function. Dead fish and other wastes sink to the bottom. Cattle, hogs, sheep, and poultry raised on feed lots do not distribute their wastes over widespread pastureland. Cattle, hogs, sheep, and poultry raised on feed lots do not distribute their wastes over widespread pastureland.
A untreated sewage, B animal wastes, C feedlot , D cropland, E fertilizer run-off,
F atmospheric run-off, G nutrients, H sewage treatment plant, I algae, J treated sewage,
K nutrients, L fish, M dead algae, N dead microscopic organisms, O dead plants, P dead fish, insects, worms, and other animals, Q organic materials, insects, worms, shellfish, bacteria and fungi, R oxygen, S insects, worms, microscopic animals, bacteria and fungi.
UNIT 9
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND GLOBAL WARMING
Functions practised: asking for/ giving explanations.
Vocabulary Area: greenhouse effect, global warming, to trap, to reflect, to absorb, to radiate, to alter, to decrease, to migrate, invisible, controversial, dense, soot, droplet, photosynthesis, solar, infrared rays, surface, severity, impact, emission, device, shifts in plant and animal population, current, wind patterns.
LISTENING AND SPEAKING
Listen to four people talking about improving our environment. What are their suggestions connected with? Make notes about their suggestions.
Speaker 1 _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Speaker 2 _______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Speaker 3 _______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Speaker 4 _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Listen again and check. Which suggestions do you think are the best?
READING
Pre-reading
You are going to read the text about global warming and the greenhouse effect. What do you know about these phenomena? Have you ever read about them? Why are the people so worried about them?
Reading
Read the text and do the task that follow.