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The role of science in manufacture

Future improvements in productivity are largely dependent on the application of science to manufacturing. This depends in turn on the availability of large numbers of scientifically trained engineers. The higher schools can serve the needs of industry in two ways: by performing basic research and by training well-qualified engineers in the manufacturing field.

There is a growing need for engineers who are familiar with the fundamental problems in metal processing and manufacturing. In the near future many of the engineers will be recent university graduates. A few will come through courses of study in industry. Others, having a basic engineering knowledge will continue additional studies at colleges to prepare themselves for work in industry. Therefore, an engineer does not finish his education when he receives his diploma, particularly in the fields of interest to implement engineers who are to study new developments, constantly.

There are numerous ways in which industry and education can cooperate on problems of common interest. Scientists and research engineers are engaged in work that is intended to provide a scientific approach to many purely industrial problems. These scientists and engineers can make a real contribution to engineering education or academic research. They can, for example, propose advanced engineering courses and they can actively participate in basic and applied research.

Similarly, large and complicated projects of new technologies could well be handled by institute researchers working on practical applications. This would often provide the most efficient approach to the solution of processing problems.

Exercise 2. Match the words from the text with the meanings (1-7) below:

a) availability

1. to act in a certain capacity

b). serve

2. giving something to someone

c). research

3. be held

d). graduate

4. be employed

e). be engaged

5. the state of being ready for use

f). contribution

6. a scientific investigation

g). be handled

7. a person who holds an academic degree

Speaking

Exercise 3.Arrange the following sentences according to the logic of the text:

1. Both scientists and engineers can make a contribution to engineering education and academic research.

2. An engineer does not finish his education when he receives his diploma.

3. There is a close cooperation between industry and education.

4. The higher school can serve the needs of industry.

Exercise 4. Work with a partner. Discuss with your partner the questions below:

Why is it important for scientists to cooperate with industry?

Why does an engineer have to continue his education after receiving a diploma?

What is the role of science in manufacture?

Exercise 5. Translate the sentences with one in different functions.

1. One must study a lot to become an engineer. 2. We must write only one exercise now. 3. Engineer is one of the most impor­tant professions; it is the one that is taught at technical institutes. 4. One cannot translate such an article without a dictionary in the first year. 5. One must have a very good knowledge of general engi­neering subjects to become a good engineer. 6. One must pass all exams well to enter an institute. 7. Last summer I read many Eng­lish articles, and my friend read some German ones. 8. This sum­mer we shall spend in the country, the last one we spent in the city. 9.We translated many texts, but there is one more text to translate. 10. One can take this journal from the library.

  • Read the text without the dictionary