Words and word combinations to be remembered.

Button кнопка

Input device вводящее устройство

Output device выводящее устройство

Socket гнездо

Bus шина, канал

Flexible гибкий

Exercise 1. Memorize the main components of the computer:

Monitor, keyboard, mouse, system unit, CPU, motherboard, disk drives, video card.

Exercise 2. Read the collocations and their translation, remember them:

Hardware components - аппаратные части (компоненты)

Software components – программные части (компоненты)

Video information – видео информация

Punctuation marks – пунктуационные отметки

Processor socket – процессорное гнездо

Memory socket – гнездо памяти

Expansion slot – слот (разъем) расширения

Serial and parallel ports – последовательные и параллельные порты

Peripheral controllers – периферийные контроллеры

Power supply – источник питания

System buses – системные шины

Exercise 3. Match the synonyms.

Verbs 1. contain 2. store 3. display 4. permit 5. carry out 6. type 7. maintain Nouns a) use b) channel c)consumer d) command e) digit f) energy g) routine h) monitor i) component

a) allow b) keep c) perform d) print e) include f) show g) support h) produce i) include 1. instruction 2. program 3. application 4. bus 5. user 6. number 7. power

TEXT 1

While reading and translating the text pay attention to the definitions of computer components.

Computer components

A computer consists of a variety of hardware and software components that work together to perform calculations, organize data, and communicate with other components.

The main components of the computer:

Monitor - A monitor is an out device, which is responsible for conveying information to the user, which looks like a television screen, displays texts, graphics and video information.

Keyboard - A keyboard is an input device which allows the user to enter data and instructions into a computer. The keyboard contains keys that allow you to type letters of the alphabet, numbers, spaces, punctuation marks, etc. The keyboard also contains special keys for entering instructions.

Mouse - A mouse is a small hand held device that contains at least one button. The mouse controls the movement of a symbol on the screen called the pointer.

System Unit - A system unit is a box like case made from metal or plastic that protects the internal components of the computer from damage. The circuitry in the system unit is a part of or is connected to a circuit board called the motherboard.

The main components of the system unit:

CPU - A Central Processing Unit, also called a processor, is the electronic device that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer. There are basically two types of processors i.e. slotted and socket processors. Many modern CPUs are covered with fins or a fan to dissipate the heat they generate.

Motherboard - A motherboard is the primary printed circuit board in a PC. All of the basic circuitry and components required for a PC to function are either contained in or attached to the motherboard. The motherboard typically contains the system bus, processor and coprocessor sockets, memory sockets, serial and parallel ports, expansion slots, and peripheral controllers.

Bios - A BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is the program that enables a PC to boot after power-up. The BIOS is a built-in set of routines that serves as an interface between the computer's operating system and hardware devices. It is stored on an ROM chip generally located near the computer's real-time clock or lithium battery. By processing requests from applications as well as drivers, the BIOS permits the user to maintain control of hardware settings.

Disc Drives - On computer system one may have several different drives installed on his/her system. The following drives may be installed on a computer

Hard Drive - A hard drive is an important part of your computer, used for long-term storage of data, opposite to Random Access Memory (RAM) which loses data as soon as your PC loses power.

Floppy Disc Drive - A Floppy Disc Drive is used for storing information into a floppy disk. A floppy disk consists of a thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in a plastic shell. It stores data and information using magnetic patterns.

A CD ROM\DVD ROM drive\CD RW - CD ROMs are a little bit different than floppy and hard disks. Instead of electromagnetism, they use a laser to reflect light off microscopic pits embedded in the disks. When a pit swings by, the light is reflected to an electric eye. Where there is no pit, the light is not reflected. DVDROMs store more data. They can do it by having smaller pits, using two levels of pits, one under a translucent surface containing the other layer, and in some cases, by storing data on both sides of the disk.

Video Card - One of the expansion cards, called a display, video or graphics card is for the monitor. This card is responsible for converting graphics and text into the monitor.

Power Supply - An internal power supply is responsible for converting your standard household power into a form that your computer can use. The power supply is responsible for powering every device in your computer; if it has a problem or is of low quality you may experience many difficulties.

System buses - A bus, in computer terms, is simply a channel over which information flows between two or more devices.

Memory Module - Memory is a temporary storage place for data, instructions, and information.

COMPREHENSIVE CHECK

Exercise 1. Describe the functions of the following computer components:

1. A processor

2. A motherboard

3. A video card

4. A keyboard

5. A mouse

6. A memory module

7. A monitor

Exercise 2. Which of the following sentences are true?

1. The motherboard contains a lot of sockets for different computer components.

2. Random Access Memory provides long-term storage of data.

3. A keyboard is an input/output device.

4. Monitors display different kinds of information.

5. CD- ROMs keep more data than DVD ROMs.

6. A BIOS is a part of the computer hardware.

7. Display, video or graphics cards are different names of the same device.

8. System buses carry information between different computer devices.

9. A mouse is a hand-held device that contains only one button.

LANGUAGE ACTIVITY

Exercise 1. Insert prepositions where necessary: (of, on, into, for, at, in, to)

1. A monitor is responsible … conveying information … the user.

2. A system unit is a box made … metal or plastic.

3. A mouse contains … least one button.

4. Different drives may be installed … a computer.

5. There are two types … processor: slotted and socket.

6. Memory is a temporary storage place … data.

7. The mouse controls the movement … the pointer … the screen.

8. All computer components are either contained … or attached … the motherboard.

Exercise 2. Analyze the functions of the Gerund and translate the following sentences.

1. Processing data is the main function of the unit.

2. By processing request from applications the BIOS permits to control hardware settings.

3. The idea of processing data automatically was very appealing.

4. They started processing immediately.

5. Without further processing the device can’t be used anywhere.

6. His task was to organize processing as soon as possible.

7. The topic of their discussion was processing information in logical systems.

Exercise 3. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the forms of the Gerund.

1. He hates interrupting people.

2. He hates being interrupted.

3. The designer insisted on testing the model.

4. We relied on being helped promptly.

5. The investigators are proud of having developed a new device.

6. They were pleased at having been awarded.

7. We look forward to establishing good relations with other companies.

8. The fact is worth considering.

Exercise 4. Choose what preposition should be used after each verb listed below (of, to, for, on, from, in, - ). Remember using gerund after them, translate them.

to insist

to depend

to avoid

to succeed

to deny

to rely

to approve

to prevent

Exercise 5. Insert the proper verbs from exercise 4 and translate the sentences into Russian.

1. They (настаивали) on our coming.

2. This company (преуспела) in producing personal computers.

3. He (одобрил) of using modern methods of investigation.

4. You should (избегать) ordering such products.

5. Nothing could (помешать) him from going there.

Exercise 6. Translate the sentences paying attention to the forms of the Infinitive after modal verbs.

1. The frequency must have been increased.

2. They can’t have used the material in the construction of the device.

3. The scientists must be investigating the properties of the crystal.

4. The limit of performance might have been achieved.

5. They may be testing various types of lasers.

6. Small frequency shifts may have been detected.

7. Low-loss optical fibers must have been developed at this research center.

8. Chemists and biologists must have been studying molecular structures.

9. Can he have forgotten to turn off power supply?

TEXT 2

While reading the text find the necessary information to prove the title.