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I

Pocket Atlas of Human Anatomy

4th edition

II

III

Pocket Atlas of

Human Anatomy

Based on the International Nomenclature

Heinz Feneis

Wolfgang Dauber

Professor

Professor

Formerly Institute of Anatomy

Institute of Anatomy

University of Tübingen

University of Tübingen

Tübingen, Germany

Tübingen, Germany

Fourth edition, fully revised

800 illustrations by Gerhard Spitzer

Thieme

Stuttgart · New York 2000

IV

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

is available from the publisher.

1st German edition 1967 2nd German edition 1970 1st Italian edition 1970 3rd German edition 1972 1st Polish edition 1973 4th German edition 1974 1st Spanish edition 1974 1st Japanese edition 1974

1st Portuguese edition 1976 1st English edition 1976 1st Danish edition 1977

1st Swedish edition 1979 1st Czech edition 1981 5th German edition 1982 2nd Danish edition 1983

2nd Japanese edition 1983 1st Dutch edition 1984 2nd Swedish edition 1984 2nd English edition 1985 2nd Polish edition 1986 1st French edition 1986 2nd Polish edition 1986 6th German edition 1988 2nd Italian edition 1989 2nd Spanish edition 1989 1st Turkish edition 1990 1st Greek edition 1991 1st Chinese edition 1991 1st Icelandic edition 1992 3rd Polish edition 1992

7th German edition 1993 2nd Dutch edition 1993 2nd Greek edition 1994 3rd English edition 1994 3rd Spanish edition 1994 3rd Danish edition 1995 1st Russian edition 1996 2nd Czech edition 1996 3rd Swedish edition 1996 2nd Turkish edition 1997 8th German edition 1998 1st Indonesian edition 1998 1st Basque edition 1998 3rd Dutch edtion 1999

4th Spanish edition 2000

This book is an authorized and revised translation of the 8th German edition published and copyrighted 1998 by Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, Germany.

Translated by David B Meyer, Detroit, Michigan, USA. Translation revised by Suzyon O’Neal Wandrey, Berlin, Germany.

Important Note: Medicine is an ever-changing science undergoing continual development. Research and clinical experience are continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our knowledge of proper treatment and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions any dosage or application, readers may rest assured that the authors, editors, and publishers have made every effort to ensure that such references are in accordance with the state of knowledge at the time of production of the book.

Nevertheless, this does not involve, imply, or express any guarantee or responsibility on the part of the publishers in respect of any dosage instructions and forms of application stated in the book. Every user is requested to examine carefully the manufacturers’ leaflets accompanying each drug and to check, if necessary in consultation with a physician or specialist, whether the dosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in the present book. Such examination is particularly important with drugs that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application used is entirely at the user’s own risk and responsibility. The authors and publishers request every user to report to the publishers any discrepancies or inaccuracies noticed.

Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is not always made in the text. Therefore, the appearance of a name without designation as proprietary is not to be construed as a representation by the publisher that it is in the public domain.

This book, including all parts thereof, is legally protected by copyright. Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation, without the publisher’s consent, is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in particular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, and electronic data processing and storage.

© 1976, 2000 Georg Thieme Verlag, Rüdigerstraße 14, D-70469 Stuttgart, Germany Thieme New York, 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA

Typesetting by primustype R. Hurler GmbH, D-73274 Notzingen, Typeset on Textline/HerculesPro Printed in Germany by Offizin Andersen Nexö, Leipzig

ISBN 3-13-511204-7 (GTV)

ISBN 0-86577-928-7 (TNY)

1 2 3 4 5 6

V

Foreword

The success of Dr. Feneis’s “Bildwörterbuch” has been phenomenal. I remember seeing the first edition of it most vividly and wondering why no one else had thought of producing such a useful book. And now it is in its eighth German edition, and has also been translated into many languages. I have several such versions of it on the shelf above my desk, and I refer to it frequently. It is, of course, much more than a dictionary of the official “Nomina Anatomica,” for it is also a most valuable working pocket book for anyone in the field of anatomy and medicine. It is its illustrations which make it so useful and, indeed, unique; I know of no other similar dictionary in any language in which the terms are not only defined but also shown in clear, simple pictures. Among the large number of books on anatomy appearing year after year, few have the originality and perennial usefulness to become of permanent value. This volume is undoubtedly of this elite quality. It will serve students, academics, and clinicians throughout their working years.

Roger Warwick

Professor Emeritus

University of London

(Guy’s Hospital Medical School)

VI

Preface to the Fourth Edition

Professor Feneis designed the anatomic picture dictionary as a reference book that provides illustrated short descriptions of anatomic terms in accordance with the valid international nomenclature. The brief and clearly written text segments were set opposite concise figures of equal educational value—a graphic task that Professor Spitzer managed to solve brilliantly.

Since its initial publication in 1967, the Feneis work has been published in seven editions and has been translated into numerous languages. The acceptance of the pocket book format by our readers is proof of its successful didactic concept. Hence, it is only logical that the eighth edition should remain dedicated to this effective concept.

The text and figures were revised and adapted to reflect the current state of knowledge. Our colleagues and students also contributed significantly with their numerous suggestions. We would like to thank all of you for your efforts, especially Dr. C. Walther, who with great commitment provided a continuous supply of expert suggestions.

Proposals to add color to the illustrations of the present edition were rejected after extensive debate, because the masterful pen-and-ink drawings by Professor Spitzer already capture the essential elements of the structures. Furthermore, his drawings are plastic and easy to remember. The extensive addition of color would increase neither the informative value of the book nor the aesthetic appeal of the figures.

Instead, we selectively added color to the text when it served to make the individual chapters and terms easier to find, also when quickly leafing through the book. The combined use of color and different typefaces makes it easier to maintain an overview of the different terms. Highlighting in color the alphabetic characters of the figures facilitates the identification of text and graphic elements that belong together.

We would like to thank Georg Thieme Verlag and its employees for their patience, understanding, and collaboration in the production of this edition.

Tübingen, spring of 2000

Wolfgang Dauber

Contents

 

VII

 

 

 

 

 

Bones

2

 

 

 

 

1

 

Sutures, joints and ligaments

54

 

 

 

2

 

Muscles

74

 

 

 

3

 

Muscles, synovial bursae and sheaths

100

 

 

 

4

 

Digestive system

108

 

 

 

5

 

Digestive and respiratory system

134

 

 

 

6

 

Urogenital system

154

 

 

 

7

 

Peritoneum

176

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

 

 

Endocrine glands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

182

 

9

 

 

 

 

 

Heart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

184

 

10

 

 

 

 

Arteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

190

 

11

 

 

 

 

Veins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

230

 

12

 

 

 

 

Lymphatic system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

254

 

13

 

 

 

 

Spleen, meninges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

268

 

14

 

 

 

 

Meninges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

268

 

15

 

 

 

 

Spinal cord . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

272

 

16

 

 

 

 

Brain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

278

 

17

 

 

 

 

Cranial nerves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

320

 

18

 

 

 

 

Spinal nerves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

334

 

19

 

 

 

 

Autonomic nervous system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

348

 

20

 

 

 

 

Sense organs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

354

 

21

 

 

 

 

Skin and its appendages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

390

 

22

 

 

 

 

General terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

396

 

23

 

 

 

 

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

409

 

24

 

 

 

 

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

412

 

25

 

 

 

 

 

Instructions for Use

The organization of the terms in accordance with the current Nomina Anatomica is exemplified by the typefaces shown on the right.

Terms not organized hierarchically are printed in normal red lettering.

The letters printed after a text segment refer to the figures on the opposite page. The numbers in the figures correspond to the key word mentioned behind the corresponding number listed in the text.

Higher-ranking terms frequently are not represented by a number in the figures.

Fully valid alternative expressions are listed in parentheses.

The following are listed in single square brackets:

inconstant structures,

terms that are unofficial but listed in the Nomina Anatomica,

explanatory supplements.

Terms not mentioned in the Nomina Anatomica are printed in double square brackets.

Terms representing a supplement to the older editions are marked by lower case letters.

Circled numeric marks refer to a more extensive region.

IX

Examples

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

ARTERIES

AORTA

ABDOMINAL AORTA

Celiac trunk

Common hepatic artery

Proper hepatic artery

Right branch

Cystic artery

BONES OF SKULL

Neurocranium

Viscerocranium

Chondrocranium

Carpal bones (carpi)

[Sutural bones] [Pyramidal tract]

Splenium [of corpus callosum] [[Pouch of Douglas]]

3 a intervertebral surface of vertebra

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