11. In each column find adjectives and give the Russian equivalents:
interest industrial industry import importance influence |
mineral coal-mining mine membership manufacturing machinery |
goods getting grain good grown greatly |
Reading
12. Study the following text.
Great Britain is highly developed industrial capitalist country. It is a member of the Common Market. Before the Second World War the country was an old naval powerful state. After the war Great Britain has lost almost all its colonies, some of them feel under the influence of the USA, others obtained independence.
During the last decades there has been a great change in the structure of British industry. The main British exports were coal and textiles. But now British export of machinery, vehicles and electrical goods has greatly increased. Many new branches of industry have developed: such as the production of motor cars, radio and television sets and others.
There
is no variety mineral resources in the country, but coal deposits
take the 6th
place in the world. Coal-mining is one of the oldest industries
together with ship-building and cotton industries. In the centre of
England there is a district called the B
lack
country. From here coal and iron are brought to many industrial
cities.
Recently deposits of oil and natural-gas have been found in the British sector of the North Sea. Production of oil from offshore wells in the North Sea began in 1975, and the country is self-sufficient in petroleum. Other mineral resources include iron ore, tin, limestone, salt, china clay, oil shale, gypsum, and lead.
The country's main exports are manufactured goods, fuels, chemicals, food and beverages, and tobacco. The main imports are manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, and foodstuffs. The United States, Germany, France, and the Netherlands are the main trading partners, and the Commonwealth countries are also important.
Britain
has a large and sophisticated service sector. The service industries
include finance, retailing, wholesaling, tourism, business services,
transport, insurance, investment, advertising, public relations,
market research, education, administration, and government and
professional services. Telecommunications has become a dynamic growth
industry, particularly with telex, facsimile, and e-mail
communications
Sheffield is the centre of steel industry. Everything one needs in life is manufactured in Birmingham. Manchester is a textile centre. Liverpool is an important part as well as London. Clydeside and Belfast are famous for their ship-building.
Today the development of British industry is destroyed by the extreme expansion of the military sector in it. One-third of the budget has been devoted to arms expenditure. Military industry receives more state funds.
Four-fifth (4/5) of the land is devoted to agriculture. It provides employment for more than 1 million people. The main branch of British agriculture is dairy-farming. Milk and milk products are famous all over the world. The main grain crops are wheat and barley. But a number of agricultural products is still imported.
13. Enumerate the main industries developed in Great Britain.
14. Scan the text. Name the cities mentioned in it.
15. Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
Разнообразие; все, что необходимо в жизни; зерновые культуры; наряду с; электротовары; уголь и железо; доставляют; член общего рынка; потеряла почти все колонии; молочные продукты; высокоразвитая промышленная капиталистическая страна; 4/5 земли отводится сельскому хозяйству; получили независимость; получает большие государственные фонды; большие изменения в структуре промышленности.
16. Make up sentences:
Great Britain The country Many new branches Coal deposits The main British exports Military industry Agriculture |
receive take is provides has lost have developed wore |
coal and textile a highly developed industrial country more state funds the 6th place in the world almost all it’s colonies in the last decade people |