- •Дорогие друзья!
- •Van Leeuwenhoek /vsen 'leivanhuk/
- •Germs are only round / mostly long and thin / different shapes.
- •Vladimir Vernadsky 35
- •Match these words with their definitions.
- •Vaccine /'vasksim/
- •In groups, discuss the work of Louis Pasteur.
- •Complete the definitions below with words from the box.
- •Inhabit approximately
- •To means to live in a
- •A(n) animal or plant no
- •Read the text and decide if the following statements are true or false.
- •Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •C deposits contribution doctrine required omplete the sentences below with words from the box.
- •Rich mineral were found
- •In the Earth’s there are
- •Vladimir Vernadsky
- •Vocabulary: Greek meaning, sphere of life
- •Vienna /VI'era/
- •The life of insects starts
- •Vernadsky was interested in the of various elements in the atmosphere,
- •Mendel followed the characteristics of an organism through generations.
- •Each strand has about
- •We inherit the information from our
- •Read the text and choose the best title for each paragraph. There is one title, which you do not need to use.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Work in pairs. Think of at least one more question to the text your partner should answer. Then change roles.
- •Include some of these useful phrases in your writing:
- •Introduction
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Complete the sentences below with
- •Alchemists properties
- •Industry
- •In your own words.
- •Where does he spend his time working?
- •Industry
- •It’s expensive because it is new / uses hydrogen / is not common.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Choose the correct answer a, в or с
- •A(n) is a substance that
- •A(n) is a substance that
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •0 G Speaking
- •0 G Speaking
- •Read the clues to help you find eight words in the wordsearch connected with chemistry and physics.
- •Vladimir Vernadsky 35
- •To ensure safety in a lab students should
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Analysis external
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Leading g having height, width
- •Spark в reveal
- •The scientist wanted to a
- •He’s a heart surgeon; the
- •What do you know about ? It’s
- •He’s innocent and I’ll do whatever it takes to the truth.
- •Read the text and decide if the following
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Listen to a teacher and a student discussing her project about the Big
- •1 Is something through which
- •The electromagnetic field a
- •To power you need a way to
- •0 G Speaking
- •Vocabulary:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Paragraph 3 Relationships:
- •Vocabulary:
- •Paragraph 4 Private life:
- •Catalyst calculations
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •There was a(n) amount of
- •There has to be to prove
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •When light shines on a
- •In experiments with the photoelectric
- •H d Vocabulary
- •Significant
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Find a synonym in the box for the words or phrases in green in the sentences.
- •The line was rounded
- •Recent research shows that there is no
- •In a group have a discussion about Einstein's life.
- •Include some of these words and phrases:
- •Match these words with their definitions.
- •The words in green are all in the wrong sentences. Put the words into the correct sentences.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Calculating wages e trigonometry
- •Introduction
- •Isaac Newton
- •5 Gravity Albert Einstein
- •In your own words.
- •Imagine you have started an advanced algebra course at school or university. Write a letter to a friend telling him/her what you have learnt about it so far.
- •In a group, discuss the disagreement between Leibniz and Newton.
- •After the decline of Greek civilisation,
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Then check your answers in the text.
- •Match these words with their definitions.
- •Complete the sentences below with words from the box.
- •Please don’t to pay the
- •Meet Peter. He’s a(n) film
- •Discuss these questions with your partner.
- •Imitate
- •The field of studies
- •Wiener was only ever taught at home.
- •Look up this city in the book of maps.
- •Infinitesimal
- •5 To a term means to use a
- •9 Scientists often global
- •1Z means lasting forever.
- •1Hydroelectricity
Vaccine /'vasksim/
^ E Comprehension
Read the text and choose the correct answer.
Pasteur used his work on pasteurisation to A move his specialisation to microbiology. В find ways to protect food and people from infection.
С make a theory of germs.
D prevent microorganisms being in the air.
Pasteurisation A kills only dangerous microorganisms.
В works for a limited time.
С doesn’t work with wine.
D kills all the microorganisms.
Pasteur’s vaccinated animals A recovered from the disease.
В died from the disease.
С didn’t suffer from the disease.
D didn’t catch the disease.
Pasteur became a hero when A he invented pasteurisation.
В a vaccine saved a boy’s life.
С he discovered vaccines.
D a colleague developed a rabies vaccine.
Because of Pasteur,
A we eat less tasty food.
В there are no germs anymore.
С many serious diseases are rare.
D we don’t need to keep food cool.
Before you listen
Discuss these questions with your partner.
What vaccinations have you had?
Do you know of any diseases for which we cannot be immunised?
What vaccines would you like to see developed?
H F Listening N)))
Listen to the extract from a lecture about immunisation. Then listen again and fill in the gaps in the tapescript.
Historically, being immunised against diseases is a relatively new thing but that doesn’t mean the idea hadn’t been thought of before. If we go as far back as 429 BC, the historian Thucydides
noted that after a (1) plague in
Athens, those who survived did not become infected again. This was at a time before there was even recognition of such things as
(2) and viruses.
Nowadays, we take it for granted that we will be vaccinated and avoid diseases like polio but how many of us actually stop to ask
ourselves what is behind the (3)
we have? How does vaccination work? Basically, it is the process by which a person is exposed, that is, made open to an agent so
t
т.
hat his or her immune system develops against that agent. The immune system makes antibodies which fight against infection.Once the human immune system is exposed to a disease, it is able to act against any future infection. Vaccination exposes a person to an immunogen - something which helps develop immunity - in a controlled way by using
a (4) dose so he or she
doesn’t become ill while being immunised.
The good thing about a vaccination programme is that it can limit the spread of a disease among a population, reducing the risk for people who have not been vaccinated so we have something which is known as herd
That means when the
number of non-immune people has dropped to a certain level, the disease will disappear from the whole population. This is how nowadays we have achieved the elimination of many diseases.
H G Speaking
Discuss these questions with your partner.
How do you think Redi’s work helped Pasteur?
How do you think Jenner’s work helped Pasteur?
Do we need vaccination? Are there any negative aspects to it?
Task