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Discuss these questions with your partner.

-» How do you use mathematics outside the classroom?

How is mathematics involved in cooking?

H F Listening 4)))

Listen to these people talking about mathematics in everyday life. Then listen again and match the activity to the area of mathematics.

There is one activity which you do not need to use.

  1. estimating sizes A algebra

  2. the arrangement В arithmetic of parts

  3. avoiding collisions С geometry

  4. paying for goods D Probability Theory

  5. Calculating wages e trigonometry

  6. predicting lottery numbers

H G Speaking

Discuss these questions with your partner.

What different areas of mathematics are there?

How did some ancient Greek thinkers contribute towards mathematics?

Task

Prepare a short presentation on the four main areas of mathematical study.

Talk about:

  • what the areas are

  • what they focus on

  • what mathematical developments are practised in different areas

  • how they might be of use in the real world

4

Read the texts again and use these notes to help you.

Introduction

Four areas. What are they? What does each one focus on?

POINTS 1-4

Number, Structure, Space, Change: for each area give details and an example of its usefulness.

CONCLUSION

Sum up, restate the introduction. Point out that there are other areas of interest too.

Remember to:

  • outline what you will say

  • make your points clearly

  • let the audience know you have finished

Speaking tips

Speak from notes.

  • Choose simple examples.

  • Make eye contact with your audience.

H H Writing

Write a short essay to answer this question: 'Mathematics is the science of numbers. Discuss.'

Read text I again and use these notes to write four paragraphs.

PARAGRAPH 1

Introduction Say what you will write about. Maths about numbers, but also more. Maths called a science, but opinion is divided. (Do not answer the question yet.)

Vocabulary: concerned with, referred to, matter of opinion

PARAGRAPH 2

Maths developed from numbers. Counting, recording. Different systems, for the same maths, eg Incas, Romans. Knowledge of numbers gave more knowledge. Vocabulary: firstly, number systems, society, development

PARAGRAPH 3

Development of maths gave method. Two points of view: maths a science, because about learning, maths not a science because not able to test. Normally called a science because is involved in all other sciences. Vocabulary: experiment, knowledge, scientific, therefore

PARAGRAPH 4

Conclusion Maths about numbers, but only part of maths. Maths may / may not be science, but in practice part of every science. Maths is the science of numbers. Vocabulary: in conclusion, important, in addition

Write 200-250 words.

Units 13 to 16

т

A the tendency of a body to maintain its speed and direction В the natural force of attraction exerted by the Earth on objects on or near its surface С easily broken

D branch of mathematics concerned with limits, differentiation and integration of functions E effect

Match the words and phrases with their meanings.

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