- •Unit 1_____ часть 1 Введение
- •Методические указания по работе с пособием
- •Introduction into English Введение в английский язык
- •Чтение сочетаний согласных звуков
- •Exercise 10
- •Introductions in the Business World Знакомства в деловом мире
- •Личные местоимения
- •Exercise 12
- •Exercise 20
- •Exercise 21 Translate some useful expressions
- •Exercise 22
- •Exercise 27
- •Exercise 28
- •Exercise 29
- •Exercise 30
- •Exercise 31 Meet bos
- •Exercise 32
- •Titles and names
- •Exercise 34
- •Exercise 35
- •Exercise 36
- •Exercise 38
- •Exercise 39
- •Exercise 41
- •Exercise 42
- •Exercise 49
- •Exercise 50
- •Exercise 51
- •Exercise 52
- •Exercise 53
- •Exercise 54
- •Exercise 55
- •Exercise 56
- •Exercise 59
- •Exercise 60
- •Exercise 61
- •Exercise 62
- •Exercise 63 Make up sentences.
- •Exercise 64
- •Exercise 69
- •Exercise 70
- •Exercise 75
- •Hierachy
- •Affiliates
- •S Car Division tructure
- •Managers and executives: uk
- •Managers and executives: us
- •Holdbrook house finance
- •Company Departments Отделы компании
- •Exercise 82
- •Exercise 83
- •Exercise 86
- •Exercise 87
- •Exercise 88
- •Exercise 89
- •Exercise 90
- •Exercise 91
- •Changes in Retailing
- •Learning Foreign Languages
- •Exercise 95
- •Exercise 96
- •Exercise 97
- •Exercise 103
- •Exercise 104
- •Job losses
- •Exercise 106
- •Exercise 107
- •Exercise 108
- •Exercise 109
- •Exercise 110
- •Exercise 111
- •The Office
- •Kita Systems, Inc.
- •Exercise 115
- •In the Office в офисе
- •Exercise 117
- •Exercise 118
- •Exercise 124
- •Exercise 125
- •Exercise 126
- •Exercise 136
- •In the Building в здании
- •Exercise 138
- •Exercise 142
- •Exercise 143
- •Exercise 144
- •Exercise 145
- •Exercise 146
- •Exercise 148
- •Exercise 149
- •Presentation
- •Bloggs & bloggs
- •Exercise 152
- •Exercise 155
- •Exercise 156
- •Exercise 157
- •Exercise 160
- •Read the text .
- •Exercise 162
- •Exercise 163
- •Exercise 166
- •In the morning (утром),
- •In the afternoon ( днем),
- •In the evening (вечером),
- •Exercise 167
- •Exercise 168
- •Exercise 169
- •Exercise 171
- •Exercise 172
- •Exercise 174 Read and translate the text.
- •Exercise 176
- •Exercise 177
- •Exercise 178
- •Two people, two jobs
- •Exercise 179
- •Exercise 180
- •Miss Brown
- •Mr White
- •Exercise 181
- •Exercise 187
- •Exercise 188
- •Exercise 189
- •Exercise 190
- •Exercise 191
- •Exercise 192
- •Exercise 193
- •Exercise 194
- •Exercise 200
- •24Th October
- •Exercise 202
- •Exercise 204
- •Exercise 205
- •Exercise 206
- •Exercise 208
- •Exercise 209
- •Exercise 210
- •Exercise 213
- •Exercise 214
- •Exercise 215
- •Exercise 220
- •Exercise 222
- •Exercise 223
- •Exercise 224
- •Exercise 225
- •Exercise 226
- •Exercise 1
- •Exercise 2
- •Exercise 3
- •Exercise 4
- •Exercise 5
- •Study enjoy work(x2) live manufacture employ
- •Exercise 6
- •Структура
- •Часть 2 данного пособия содержит:
- •Презентации/Presentation – краткие комментарии лексического материала
- •Аудиокассеты, сопровождающие каждый урок.
- •Методические указания по работе с пособием
- •The Clothes We Wear
- •Clean (чистый) better (лучший) big (большой) different (другой) new (новый) old (старый)
- •Invitations приглашения
- •Exercise 81
- •Exercise 82
- •How to Write a Business Letter Как написать деловое письмо
- •Exercise 83
- •Some general guidelines
- •Exrcise 84
- •Business Letter Writing Basics
- •2) Widgetry ltd
- •12) Dear Mr Bowers Exercise 87
- •Exercise 89
- •Information advertisement enclose wishes possible receiving letter forward
- •Exercise 90
- •Exercise 92
- •Exercise 93
- •Technology in engineering conference
- •45 Broughton Street, Brighton
- •Evening Star classified
- •64 Fleet Street, London ec4j6bb positions vacant
- •Crazy People Wanted
- •If you want a fast paced career, management training and great earning potential in Sales and Marketing, Client Presentation, Trainee Management
- •Customer Reception Front Desk/Telephones
- •Wanted Secretaries
- •In return we can offer excellent rates of pay, holiday pay.
- •If you feel you have the necessary qualities, call Shirley, Heidi or Ashley at – Taskmaster 0113 244 2660
- •Spend waste save have make invest
- •Invest lend lose owe make keep up save earn spend take out
- •Exercise 167
- •Use pay cash change open make
- •Lesson 17 Урок17 Some time ago Прошлое
- •Exercise 189
- •Exercise 190 Complete this article using the Simple Past of the following verbs.
- •Visit; join; help; spend; begin; decide; study; become; leave; complete
- •Exercise 191
- •Exercise 192 Read, translate the text. Ask and answer questions.
- •Lesson 18 Урок 18
- •Lesson 20 Урок 20
- •Exercise 203
- •Exercise 204
- •Exercise 205
- •Exercise 206
- •Exercise 211
- •Exercise 212
- •Exercise 213
- •Levels of Management
- •Areas of Management
- •Difficult Colleagues
- •Managers and time
- •Travel Expenses
- •Приложения
- •Приложение 2
- •Библиографический список
- •Оглавление
Levels of Management
Each organization can be represented as three level structure. Each level corresponds to one of the three general levels of management: top managers, middle managers, and first–line managers. At the basic level of this structure there are operating employees.
Top
Management
Middle
Management
First–Line
Management
Operating
Employees
A top manager is an upper–level executive who guides and controls the overall activities of the organization. Top managers constitute a small group. They are generally responsible for the organization’s planning and developing its mission. They also determine the firm’s strategy and its major policies. It takes years of hard work as well as talent and good luck, to reach the ranks of top managers. They are president, vice–president, chief executive officer, and member of the Board.
A middle manager is a manager who implements the strategy and major policies handed down from the top level of the organization. Middle managers develop tactical plans, policies, and standard operating procedures, and they coordinate and supervise the activities of the first–line managers. Titles at the middle–management level include division manager, department manager, department head, plant manager, and operations manager.
A first–line manager is a manager who coordinates and supervises the activities of operating employees. First–line managers spend most of their time working with employees, answering questions, and solving day–to–day problems. Most first–line managers are former operating employees who, owing to their hard work and potential, were promoted into management. Many of today’s middle and top managers began their careers on the first management level. Common titles for first–line managers include office manager, supervisor, foreman, and project manager.
Operating employees are not managers. They are qualified and non–qualified persons working for organizations. For their labour or services they get salaries or wages. They represent the workforce of the organization.
Exercise 221
Read and translate
Areas of Management
An organizational structure can also be divided more or less horizontally into areas of management. The most common areas are finance, operations, marketing, human resources, and administration. Depending on its purpose and mission, an organization may include other areas as well – research and development, for example, or risk management.
A financial manager is primarily responsible for the organization’s financial resources. Accounting and investment are specialized areas within financial management. Because financing affects the operation of the entire firm, many of the presidents of the largest companies are people who got their “basic training” as financial managers.
An operations manager creates and managers the systems that convert resources into goods and services. Traditionally, operations management is equated with the production of goods. However, in recent years many of the techniques and procedures of operations management have been applied to the production of services and to a variety of nonbusiness activities. Like financial management, operations management has produced a good percentage of today’s company presidents.
A marketing manager is responsible for the exchange of products between the organization and its customers or clients. Specific areas within marketing are marketing research, advertising, promotion, sales, and distribution.
A human resources manager is in charge of the organization’s human resources programmes. He or she engages in human resources planning, design systems for hiring, training, and appraising the performance of employees, and ensures that the organization follows government regulations concerning employment practices.
An administrative manager (also called a general manager) is not associated with any specific functional area but provides overall administrative leadership. A hospital administrator is a good example of an administrative manager. He or she does not specialize in operations, finance, marketing, or human resources management but instead coordinates the activities of specialized managers in all these areas.
Exercise 222
Find the English equivalents.
Высший руководитель, руководитель первого звена, менеджер среднего уровня, исполнитель, служащий, исполнительный директор, генеральный директор, директор производства, директор завода, начальник отдела, руководитель подразделения, начальник, мастер, бухгалтерский учет, цель и задачи, товары и услуги, заработная плата (ежемесячная), производство товаров, деятельность, уровни руководства, развитие, правительственные постановления, научное исследование, покупатель (постоянный), рекламирование, работа по найму, процентное соотношение, заведовать, нанимать, обеспечивать, оценивать, разрабатывать, определять политику, управлять, осуществлять, решать.
Exercise 223
Fill in each gap with a suitable word or word combination.
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There are three general levels of management: top managers, …… managers, and ……… managers.
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A top manager ……… and ………. the overall functions of the organization.
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Top managers also …… the firm’s strategy and define its major ….. .
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Middle managers …….. tactical plans, policies, and standard operating procedures.
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A middle manager …….. the strategy and major policies handed down from the top level of the organization.
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They also coordinate and supervise the ……… of first–line managers.
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A first–line manager is a manager who ……. and supervises the activities of operating employees.
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First–line managers spend most of their time working with …….. , answering questions, and …….. day–to–day problems.
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Operating employees are …….. and non–qualified persons working for the organization, they represent the workforce of the organization.
Exercise 223
Translate into English.
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Существуют три основных уровня управления: высший менеджмент, менеджмент среднего звена и менеджмент первого звена.
-
Высшие менеджеры направляют и контролируют общую деятельность организации, они определяют стратегию и основную политику фирмы.
-
Менеджер среднего звена реализует стратегию и основную политику, спускаемые с верхнего уровня организации.
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Менеджер первого звена следит за деятельностью неуправленческих служащих и координирует ее.
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Неуправленческие работники представляют основную рабочую силу организации.
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Самыми обычными сферами управления являются финансы, производственные операции, маркетинг, людские ресурсы и администрирование.
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Заведующий финансами прежде всего отвечает за финансовые ресурсы организации.
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Традиционно директор производства ассоциируется с производством товаров.
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Управляющий маркетингом отвечает за обмен продукцией между компанией и ее постоянными покупателями или клиентами.
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Управляющий людскими ресурсами занимается наймом, обучением и оценкой деятельности работников.
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Административный руководитель осуществляет общее административное руководство и он не связан с какой–либо конкретной функциональной сферой.
Exercise 224
Answer the questions.
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What are the levels of management?
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What are the common titles associated with top management?
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What are the common titles associated with middle management?
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What are the common titles associated with first–line management?
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Who is at the bottom of the management levels?
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What are the most common areas of management?
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What is a finance manager responsible for?
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What is an operations manager traditionally equated with and what are the changes in recent years?
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What is a marketing manager responsible for?
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What does an administrative manager coordinate?
Revision 2 Повторение 2
Exercise 1
Read and translate the text.