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  1. Fill in the blanks with necessary words:

  1. Great Britain is formally known as …

  2. Great Britain …. on the British Isles.

  3. The surface of …. is rather flat.

  4. The highest mountain in the United Kingdom is …. in Scotland.

  5. Great Britain is known for …. .

  6. …. is the head of the state.

  7. The British Isles consist of …

  8. GB is … in mineral resources, but it is a highly developed industrial country.

  1. Make up different types of questions to the following sentences.

  1. The highest mountain in the United Kingdom is Ben Nevis in Scotland.

  2. Great Britain consists of three main parts: England, Wales and Scotland.

  3. Great Britain is known for its frequent rains, strong winds and continuous fogs.

  1. Translate into English

  1. Лондон є важливим адміністративним, промисловим, науковим та культурним центром. 2. Англія славиться своєю красою та історією.3. ця країна відома своїми тривалими дощами та туманами. 4. Королева - є главою держави. Вона править, але не курує. 5. Більшість річок Великої Британії впадають у Північне море. 6. Поверхня Англії та Ірландії - досить рівнинна.

  1. Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the questions.

  1. Where is the UK situated?

  2. Why is the UK called an island country?

  3. What ocean is the UK in the north washed by?

  4. Are there any rivers in the UK?

  5. What do you know about mountains in Great Britain?

  6. How many parts does the UK consist of?

  7. Who is the head of the country?

  8. Is Great Britain rich in mineral resources?

Article the with Geographical Names

We use the definite article the with the geographical names of:

  • Rivers: the Thames, the Severn;

  • Oceans and seas: the Atlantic Ocean;

  • Mountain ranges: the Highlands ;

  • Island groups: the British Isles;

  • Canals: the English Channel.

We don’t use the definite article the with the names of:

  • Towns, countries: London, Great Britain (but the UK, the USA)

  • Lakes, individual mountains: Loch Ness, Ben Nevis



  1. Look through the text again and find what it says about:

  • Seas, oceans and rivers

  • Mountains

  • People

  • Cities

  • The flag

  1. Look at the map of the uk and tell about the geographical position of the uk. Write down the list of geographical names. Use the definite article where it is necessary.

UNIT 8

GREAT BRITAIN. ECONOMY AND INDUSTRY OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Naval– морський

Power industry - енергетична промисловість

Private enterprises – приватні підприємства

Mixed private-and public-enterprise economy змiшана економiка, що ґрунтується на приватному та державному пiдприємництвi

manufacturing – виробництво

industrial nation — промислова держава

due to — зумовленo

hand in hand — плiч-о-плiч

сconsiderable – значний

tin – олово

copper – мідь

demand – вимога

cotton бавовна

wool - вовна

to make up — складати

national income — нацiональний дохід

Commonwealth banks — банки Спiвдружностi

building societies — житлово-будiвельнi товариства

Great Britain is a highly-developed naval and industrial power. Its economy was primarily based on private enterprises. However, some industries were nationalized after World War II. Now it has a mixed private- and public-enterprise economy. The government controls the coal-mining and electric power industries, ferrous metallurgy and shipbuilding. Part of public transport, civil aviation and national bank are also managed by the state.

The main sectors of British economy are manufacturing, services and agriculture.

The rise of Great Britain as an industrial nation was partly due to the presence of considerable mineral resources, the most important of them being coal and iron. Next to coal and iron the chief minerals found on the British Isles are the building stone, marble, granite, tin, copper, zink, salt.

Coal-mining, metallurgy, textile, shipbuilding are the older branches of industry. The new industries are the chemical, electrotechnical, automobile and electronics. The new industries have developed hand in hand with science and technology and are equipped to meet present technical demands.

Big cities and towns such as London, Glasgow, Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle, Sheffield and Birmingham have enterprises of nearly all branches of industry. The main centres of cotton and woolen industry are Leeds, Bradford and Manchester.

Services play an important role in British economy and make up an increasing proportion of the national income.

Britain’s banking system comprises the Bank of England, the commercial banks, branches of foreign and Commonwealth banks and building societies. The Bank of England acts as the government’s bank.