Міністерство освіти і науки, молоді та спорту України

Вінницький коледж

Національного університету харчових технологій

ENGLISH

НАВЧАЛЬНИЙ ПОСІБНИК

з іноземної мови для студентів II курсу

Частина I

Вінниця, 2012

English. Навчальний посібник з іноземної мови для студентів II курсу. Частина I

Уклад.: О.В. Ткачук - Вінниця, ВК НУХТ, 2012 – 52 с.

Рецензенти: Данильченко Н.М. – заступник директора з навчально-методичної роботи, викладач –методист

Осьмірко Г.В. – голова циклової комісії філологічних дисциплін, викладач - методист

Укладач: Ткачук О.В., викладач іноземної мови

Навчальний посібник вміщує добірку текстів та тренувальних вправ з основних тем, необхідних для повсякденного спілкування. Кожен розділ містить нові слова, вирази, мовні зразки, діалоги, тексти, а також вправи на закріплення граматики. Даний посібник спрямований на поглиблення теоретичних знань та розвиток комунікативної компетенції студентів. Може використовуватись як основний підручник для студентів другого курсу.

Розглянуто і схвалено цикловою комісією філологічних дисциплін Вінницького коледжу НУХТ (Протокол №9 від 10.04.2012р.)

Зміст

1. Travelling around Ukraine. Geographical location. …………..5

2. Kyiv – the capital of Ukraine…………………………………..8

3. Economy and industry of Ukraine……………………............12

4. Science and technology in Ukraine…………………………...17

5. Youth movement in Ukraine……………………………….....20

6. Youth organizations of the world. ……………………...........23

7. Great Britain. Geographical position………………...……….27

8. Great Britain. Economy and industry of Great Britain……….31

9. Great Britain. London is the capital of Great Britain………....34

10. The USA. Geographical position of the USA……………...38

11. The USA. Way of life, customs and traditions of the USA…………………………………………………………..41

12. Australia…………………………………………………....44

13. New Zealand……………………………………………….46

14. Canada……………………………………………………...49

Передмова

У наш час іноземна мова – важливий засіб міжнародного спілкування, і зараз українське суспільство відчуває потребу у фахівцях різних галузей, які активно володіли б іноземною мовою для розв’язання своїх професійних та особистих проблем. Це означає, що навчальні заклади повинні готувати своїх студентів в реальних життєвих ситуаціях, учити здобувати знання самостійно, шукати шляхи вдосконалення в галузі професії, яку вони обрали на майбутнє. Тож, під час навчання студент зобов’язаний оволодіти англійською мовою як засобом спілкування, уміти користуватися нею в усній та письмові формах, підтримувати розмову, мати бажання ділитися навичками, обмінюватися поглядами, висловлювати свою думку.

Мета посібника – забезпечити розвиток навичок усного та писемного мовлення на теми, передбачені програмою з іноземних мов. Наблизити словниковий запас та навички усного мовлення до живого спілкування – одне з найважливіших завдань посібника.

UNIT 1

TRAVELLING AROUND UKRAINE.GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION.

Stretch – простягатися

Flat – рівнинний

Еvergreen trees – вічнозелені дерева

Favourable conditions - сприятливі умови

Non-ferrous metals– кольорові метали

T he geographical position of Ukraine

Ukraine is situated in the south-east of Europe. It borders on Russia, Belarus, Moldova, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania. The territory of Ukraine is about 603,700 thousand square kilometers. Our country stretches for 1300km from east to west and900 km from north to south. The territory of Ukraine is mostly flat.

Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov in the south. The main ports are in Odessa and Sevastopol.

Ukraine has over 131 rivers. The largest rivers are the Dnipro, the Dnister, the Southern Buh, the Siversky Donets and the Tysa.

There are over 3 000 lakes throughout Ukraine.

The climate of Ukraine is different in various parts of the country. The Carpathian and the Crimean mountains protect the country from the bitter winds. The climate along the coasts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov is much warmer than the climate of the rest of the country. Summer is hot here, winter is mild.

The climate of the Crimea is subtropical. Summer is hot and dry. There are a lot of evergreen trees and bushes here.

The rest of Ukraine’s territory has a moderately continental climate. It has become milder and warmer recently. The highest rainfall is observed in the western part of Ukraine. This is the wettest place in Ukraine.

The geographical position of Ukraine is ideal for the development of its economy. Due to favourable climatic conditions, Ukraine is traditionally an agricultural country. Wheat and other corns, vegetables, all kinds of fruit are grown here. The country is rich in natural resources, such as iron ore, coal, non-ferrous metals, oil, gas. It has developed a varied industry, concentrated mostly in and around big cities, such as Kyiv, Zaporizhia, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Kharkiv, Lviv, Mykolaiv and others.Ukraine produces planes and ships, lorries and buses, electronic equipment and agricultural machines, TV and radio-sets and other goods.

1. Complete the following sentences:

   1. The territory of Ukraine is mostly … .

   2. The climate of Ukraine is …. .

   3. The geographical position of Ukraine is ideal for … .

   4. The highest rainfall is observed in… .

   5. The country is rich in… .

2. Answer the following questions

   1. Where is Ukraine situated?

   2. What seas is Ukraine washed by?

   3. How many lakes are there in Ukraine?

   4. Is the climate of Ukraine different in varies parts of the country?

   5. Which mineral resources is Ukraine rich in?

   6. Where is Ukrainian industry mostly concerned?

3. Make up as many questions to the sentences as you can

   1. The Carpathian and the Crimean mountains protect the country from the bitter winds.

   2. The geographical position of Ukraine is ideal for the development of its economy.

   3. Ukraine has developed a varied industry, concentrated mostly in and around big cities.

4. Imagine that you have a friend who has never been to Ukraine. Tell him about your native land.

UNIT 2

KYIV – THE CAPITAL OF UKRAINE.

Derive – походити від

To settle– заселятися

To consolidate – об’єднувати

Quantity– кількість

Ancient– стародавній

Baptise–хрестити

Kiev (or Kyiv) is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnipro River. The name Kiev is derived from the name of Kiy, one of four legendary founders of the city.By the ancient legend Kiev was founded by three brothers Kiy, Schek, Khoriv and their sister Lybid. They were surprised by the beauty of Dnipro’s hills, stopped to settle here and called the town in honour of the eldest brother-Kiev.

Kiev stretches for the space of more than 20 km along the picturesque banks of the biggest Ukrainian river — Dnipro. The population of Kiev is about 3 millions people.

Kiev is one of the oldest Slavic centres,“Mother of Russian towns” so it was called in olden times, its age is more than 1500 years.

During the time of Vladimir the Great (980-1015) government of our city begins to develop especially rapidly. In order to consolidate Kiev Russ and to increase its international influence the prince Vladimir baptised the Russ in 988. Christianity and became that impulse for further development of written language and culture.

Today Kiev is an important industrial, scientific, educational and cultural centre of Eastern Europe. It is home to many high-tech industries, higher education institutions and world-famous historical landmarks. The capital of Ukraine has got great cultural potential. There are more that 30 museums, about 200 unique architectural monuments, 33 theatres, enormous quantity of constant active art exhibitions. Kiev is one of the greenest cities of the world, it has more that 60 parks. In spring and summer the city resembles one huge park.

There are many historical places in Kiev. For example, St Sophia Cathedral, which was built in the 11th century, Kievo-Pecherskaya Lavra that was founded in the 11th century, St. Andrew’s church in baroque style.

The monument to Taras Shevchenko, the great Ukrainian poet, is in front of the University, named after him. The monument to Bohdan Khmelnitsky, famous hetman of Ukraine, stands in the square opposite to St Sophia Cathedral.

Kiev is the centre of cultural life of Ukraine. Fans of theatre, cinema, music, painting and other arts can find there many interesting for themselves. There are lots of museums in Kiev: the Museum of Ukrainian Arts, the Historic Museum, the Taras Shevchenko Museum, the Lesya Ukrainka Museum, the museum of M. Bulgakov and others.